Portal:Biographies
Portal:Biography
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The Biography Portal
A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae (résumé), a biography presents a subject's life story, highlighting various aspects of their life, including intimate details of experience, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality.
Biographical works are usually non-fiction, but fiction can also be used to portray a person's life. One in-depth form of biographical coverage is called legacy writing. Works in diverse media, from literature to film, form the genre known as biography.
An authorized biography is written with the permission, cooperation, and at times, participation of a subject or a subject's heirs. An autobiography is written by the person themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a collaborator or ghostwriter. (Full article...)
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Pavle Đurišić (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Павле Ђуришић, pronounced [pâːvle dʑǔriʃitɕ]; 9 July 1909 – April 1945) was a Montenegrin Serb regular officer of the Royal Yugoslav Army who became a Chetnik commander (vojvoda) and led a significant proportion of the Chetniks in Montenegro during World War II. He distinguished himself and became one of the main commanders during the popular uprising against the Italians in Montenegro in July 1941, but later collaborated with the Italians in actions against the Communist-led Yugoslav Partisans. In 1943, his troops carried out several massacres against the Muslim population of Bosnia, Herzegovina, and the Sandžak in which an estimated 10,000 people were killed between January and March, including thousands of women, children, and the elderly. He then led his troops during their participation in the anti-Partisan Case White offensive alongside Italian forces. Đurišić was captured by the Germans in May 1943, escaped, and was recaptured.
After the capitulation of Italy, the Germans released Đurišić and he began collaborating with them and the Serbian puppet government. In 1944, he created the Montenegrin Volunteer Corps with assistance from the Germans, the leader of the Serbian puppet government, Milan Nedić, and the leader of the fascist Yugoslav National Movement, Dimitrije Ljotić. In late 1944, the German commander in Montenegro decorated him with the Iron Cross 2nd Class. Đurišić was killed following the Battle of Lijevče Field, after being captured by elements of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia near Banja Luka in an apparent trap set by them and Montenegrin separatist Sekula Drljević. Some of Đurišić's troops were killed either in this battle or in later attacks by the Partisans as they then continued their withdrawal west. Others attempted to withdraw to Austria; they were forced to surrender to the Partisans and were killed in the Kočevski Rog area of southern Slovenia in May and June 1945. Đurišić was a very able Chetnik leader; his fighting skills were respected by his allies and opponents alike. (Full article...) - Image 2
Stigand (died 1072) was an Anglo-Saxon churchman in pre-Norman Conquest England who became Archbishop of Canterbury. His birth date is unknown, but by 1020 he was serving as a royal chaplain and advisor. He was named Bishop of Elmham in 1043, and was later Bishop of Winchester and Archbishop of Canterbury. Stigand was an advisor to several members of the Anglo-Saxon and Norman English royal dynasties, serving six successive kings. Excommunicated by several popes for his pluralism in holding the two sees, or bishoprics, of Winchester and Canterbury concurrently, he was finally deposed in 1070, and his estates and personal wealth were confiscated by William the Conqueror. Stigand was imprisoned at Winchester, where he died.
Stigand served King Cnut as a chaplain at a royal foundation at Ashingdon in 1020, and as an advisor then and later. He continued in his role of advisor during the reigns of Cnut's sons, Harold Harefoot and Harthacnut. When Cnut's stepson Edward the Confessor succeeded Harthacnut, Stigand in all probability became England's main administrator. Monastic writers of the time accused Stigand of extorting money and lands from the church, and by 1066 the only estates richer than Stigand's were the royal estates and those of Harold Godwinson. (Full article...) - Image 3
Theodore II Doukas Laskaris or Ducas Lascaris (Greek: Θεόδωρος Δούκας Λάσκαρις, romanized: Theodōros Doukas Laskaris; November 1221/1222 – 16 August 1258) was Emperor of Nicaea from 1254 to 1258. He was the only child of Emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes and Empress Irene Laskarina. His mother was the eldest daughter of Theodore I Laskaris, who had established the Empire of Nicaea as a successor state to the Byzantine Empire in Asia Minor after the crusaders captured the Byzantine capital, Constantinople, during the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Theodore received an excellent education from two renowned scholars, Nikephoros Blemmydes and George Akropolites. He made friends with young intellectuals, especially with a page of low birth, George Mouzalon. Theodore began to write treatises on theological, historical and philosophical themes in his youth.
Emperor John III arranged for Theodore to marry Elena Asenina in 1235, to forge an alliance with her father, Ivan Asen II, Emperor of Bulgaria, against the Latin Empire of Constantinople. According to Theodore himself, their marriage was happy, and they had five or six children. From 1241, Theodore acted as his father's lieutenant in Asia Minor during his frequent military campaigns in the Balkan Peninsula. From around 1242, he was his father's co-ruler, but was not crowned as co-emperor. During this period, his relationship with some prominent aristocrats, particularly Theodore Philes and Michael Palaiologos, grew tense. (Full article...) - Image 4
Hugh Trumble (19 May 1867 – 14 August 1938) was an Australian cricketer who played 32 Test matches as a bowling all-rounder between 1890 and 1904. He captained the Australian team in two Tests, winning both. Trumble took 141 wickets in Test cricket—a world record at the time of his retirement—at an average of 21.78 runs per wicket. He is one of only four bowlers to twice take a hat-trick in Test cricket. Observers in Trumble's day, including the authoritative Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, regarded him as ranking among the great Australian bowlers of the Golden Age of cricket. He was named as one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1897 and the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame, established in 1996, inducted him in 2004.
A tall and thin off spinner, Trumble delivered the ball at a quicker pace than most spin bowlers, using his height and uncommonly long fingers to his greatest advantage. He was at his best on the softer pitches of England, but his accuracy and variations in pace enabled him to take wickets on the harder pitches of Australia as well. He was a dependable lower order batsman and a fine fielder in the slips. He was recognised as a shrewd thinker about the game and was popular with team-mates and opponents, with a penchant for practical jokes. (Full article...) - Image 5Philip Arnold Heseltine (30 October 1894 – 17 December 1930), known by the pseudonym Peter Warlock, was a British composer and music critic. The Warlock name, which reflects Heseltine's interest in occult practices, was used for all his published musical works. He is best known as a composer of songs and other vocal music; he also achieved notoriety in his lifetime through his unconventional and often scandalous lifestyle.
As a schoolboy at Eton College, Heseltine met the British composer Frederick Delius, with whom he formed a close friendship. After a failed student career in Oxford and London, Heseltine turned to musical journalism, while developing interests in folk-song and Elizabethan music. His first serious compositions date from around 1915. Following a period of inactivity, a positive and lasting influence on his work arose from his meeting in 1916 with the Dutch composer Bernard van Dieren; he also gained creative impetus from a year spent in Ireland, studying Celtic culture and language. On his return to England in 1918, Heseltine began composing songs in a distinctive, original style, while building a reputation as a combative and controversial music critic. During 1920–21 he edited the music magazine The Sackbut. His most prolific period as a composer came in the 1920s, when he was based first in Wales and later at Eynsford in Kent. (Full article...) - Image 6
Vance Drummond, DFC, AFC (22 February 1927 – 17 May 1967) was a New Zealand–born Australian pilot who fought in the Korean and Vietnam Wars. He initially saw service in the New Zealand military, but joined the Royal Australian Air Force in 1949 and graduated as a sergeant pilot in 1951. Posted to No. 77 Squadron in Korea, he flew Gloster Meteor jet fighters and earned the US Air Medal for his combat skills. He was shot down by a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 in December 1951 and imprisoned for almost two years. After returning to Australia he converted to CAC Sabre jets and in December 1961 became a flight commander with No. 75 Squadron; he subsequently led the squadron's Black Diamonds aerobatic team, and was awarded the Air Force Cross in 1965.
Drummond was promoted to acting wing commander in December 1965 and posted to South Vietnam on staff duties with the United States Air Force. He joined the US Air Force's 19th Tactical Air Support Squadron, operating Cessna Bird Dog aircraft, as a forward air controller in July 1966. That month he earned the Distinguished Flying Cross for his part in rescuing a company of soldiers surrounded by Viet Cong forces. In October he was awarded the South Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry with Silver Star. Drummond took command of No. 3 Squadron, flying Dassault Mirage IIIO supersonic fighters out of Williamtown, New South Wales, in February 1967. His Mirage crashed into the sea during a training exercise on 17 May; neither Drummond nor the plane was found. (Full article...) - Image 7
Wendell Hampton Ford (September 8, 1924 – January 22, 2015) was an American politician from Kentucky. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as Governor of Kentucky from 1971 to 1974, a member of the United States Senate for 24 years from 1974 to 1999. He was the first person to be successively elected lieutenant governor, governor, and United States senator in Kentucky history. He was the Senate Democratic whip from 1991 to 1999, and was considered the leader of the state's Democratic Party from his election as governor in 1971 until he retired from the Senate in 1999. At the time of his retirement he was the longest-serving senator in Kentucky's history, a mark which was then surpassed by Mitch McConnell in 2009. Ford is the last Democrat to have served as a Senator from the state of Kentucky.
Born in Daviess County, Kentucky, Ford attended the University of Kentucky, but his studies were interrupted by his service in World War II. After the war, he graduated from the Maryland School of Insurance and returned to Kentucky to help his father with the family insurance business. He also continued his military service in the Kentucky Army National Guard. He worked on the gubernatorial campaign of Bert Combs in 1959 and became Combs' executive assistant when Combs was elected governor. Encouraged to run for the Kentucky Senate by Combs' ally and successor, Ned Breathitt, Ford won the seat and served one four-year term before running for lieutenant governor in 1967. He was elected on a split ticket with Republican Louie Nunn. Four years later, Ford defeated Combs in an upset in the Democratic primary en route to the governorship. (Full article...) - Image 8
John Joseph McGraw (April 7, 1873 – February 25, 1934) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) player and manager who was for almost thirty years manager of the New York Giants. He was also the third baseman of the pennant-winning 1890s Baltimore Orioles teams, noted for their innovative, aggressive play.
McGraw was born into poverty in Truxton, New York. He found an escape from his hometown and a bad family situation through baseball, beginning a quick rise through the minor leagues that led him to the Orioles at the age of 18. Under the tutelage of manager Ned Hanlon, the Orioles of the 1890s won three National League (NL) pennants; McGraw was one of the stalwarts of the team alongside Wee Willie Keeler, Hughie Jennings, and Wilbert Robinson. The Orioles perfected the hit and run play and popularized the Baltimore chop; they also sought to win by intimidating the opposing team and the umpire. (Full article...) - Image 9
Teresa Sampsonia (born Sampsonia; after marriage Lady Shirley, 1589–1668) was an Iranian-English noblewoman of the Safavid Empire of Iran. She was the wife of Elizabethan English adventurer Robert Shirley, whom she accompanied on his travels and embassies across Europe in the name of the Safavid King (Shah) Abbas the Great (r. 1588–1629).
Teresa was received by many of the royal houses of Europe, such as English prince Henry Frederick and Queen Anne (her child's godparents) and contemporary writers and artists such as Thomas Herbert and Anthony van Dyck. Herbert considered Robert Shirley "the greatest Traveller of his time", but admired the "undaunted Lady Teresa" even more. Following the death of her husband from dysentery in 1628, and due to impediments from grandees at the court, and the authorities, during the reign of Abbas's successor and grandson Safi (r. 1629–1642), Teresa decided to leave Iran. She lived in a convent in Rome for the rest of her life, devoting her time to charity and religion. As a pious Christian, and because of her love for her husband, Teresa had Shirley's remains transported to Rome from Isfahan and reburied; on the headstone of their mutual grave she mentions their travels and refers to her noble Circassian origins. (Full article...) - Image 10Asser (/ˈæsər/; Welsh: [ˈasɛr]; died c. 909) was a Welsh monk from St David's, Dyfed, who became Bishop of Sherborne in the 890s. About 885 he was asked by Alfred the Great to leave St David's and join the circle of learned men whom Alfred was recruiting for his court. After spending a year at Caerwent because of illness, Asser accepted.
In 893, Asser wrote a biography of Alfred, called the Life of King Alfred. The manuscript survived to modern times in only one copy, which was part of the Cotton library. That copy was destroyed in a fire in 1731, but transcriptions that had been made earlier, together with material from Asser's work which was included by other early writers, have made it possible to reconstruct the work. The biography is the main source of information about Alfred's life and provides far more information about Alfred than is known about any other early English ruler. Asser assisted Alfred in his translation of Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care, and possibly with other works. (Full article...) - Image 11
Thomas Jerome Hudner Jr. (August 31, 1924 – November 13, 2017) was a United States Navy officer and naval aviator. He rose to the rank of captain, and received the Medal of Honor for his actions in trying to save the life of his wingman, Ensign Jesse L. Brown, during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir in the Korean War.
Born in Fall River, Massachusetts, Hudner attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and the United States Naval Academy. Initially uninterested in aviation, he eventually took up flying and joined Fighter Squadron 32, flying the F4U Corsair at the outbreak of the Korean War. Arriving near Korea in October 1950, he flew support missions from the aircraft carrier USS Leyte. (Full article...) - Image 12
Thomas F. Mulledy SJ (/mʌˈleɪdi/ muh-LAY-dee; August 12, 1794 – July 20, 1860) was an American Catholic priest and Jesuit who became the president of Georgetown College, a founder of the College of the Holy Cross, and a Jesuit provincial superior. His brother, Samuel Mulledy, also became a Jesuit and president of Georgetown.
Mulledy entered the Society of Jesus and was educated for the priesthood in Rome, before completing his education in the United States. He twice served as president of Georgetown College in Washington, D.C. At Georgetown, Mulledy undertook a significant building campaign, which resulted in Gervase Hall and Mulledy Hall (later renamed Isaac Hawkins Hall). He became the second provincial superior of the Maryland Province of the Jesuit order, and orchestrated the sale of the province's slaves in 1838 to settle its debts. This resulted in outcry from his fellow Jesuits and censure by the church authorities in Rome, who exiled him to Nice in the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia for several years. While provincial superior, Mulledy was also the vicar general for the Diocese of Boston. (Full article...) - Image 13
Ælfwynn or Ælfwyn (died 8 July 983) was a member of a wealthy Anglo-Saxon family in Huntingdonshire who married Æthelstan Half-King, the powerful ealdorman of East Anglia, in about 932. She is chiefly known for having been foster-mother to the future King Edgar the Peaceful following his mother's death in 944, when he was an infant. She had four sons, and the youngest, Æthelwine, became the chief secular magnate and leading supporter of the monastic reform movement. Ælfwynn donated her estates for his foundation of Ramsey Abbey in 966 and was probably buried there. (Full article...) - Image 14
Laura Jeanne Reese Witherspoon (born March 22, 1976) is an American actress and producer. She is the recipient of various accolades, including an Academy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, and two Golden Globe Awards. Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2006 and 2015, and Forbes listed her among the world's 100 most powerful women in 2019 and 2021. In 2021, Forbes named her the world's highest earning actress, and in 2023, she was named one of the richest women in America with an estimated net worth of $440 million.
Witherspoon began her career as a teenager, making her screen debut in The Man in the Moon (1991). After starring in the 1996 films Freeway and Fear, her breakthrough came in 1999 with a supporting role in Cruel Intentions, and for her portrayal of Tracy Flick in the black comedy Election. She gained wider recognition for playing Elle Woods in the comedy Legally Blonde (2001) and its 2003 sequel, and for starring in the romantic comedy Sweet Home Alabama (2002). She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for portraying June Carter Cash in the musical biopic Walk the Line (2005). Following a career downturn, during which her sole box-office success was the romantic drama Water for Elephants (2011), Witherspoon made a comeback by producing and starring as Cheryl Strayed in the drama Wild (2014), which earned her a second Academy Award nomination. (Full article...) - Image 15
Bertha "Betsy" Bakker-Nort (8 May 1874 – 23 May 1946) was a Dutch lawyer and politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives for the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) from 1922 to 1942.
Born in Groningen, she became involved with the feminist movement in 1894, joining the Dutch Association for Women's Suffrage (VVVK), where she was mentored by Aletta Jacobs, one of the pioneering activists of the 19th century. (Full article...)
Did you know... - show different entries
- ... that Venla Luukkonen is the first Finnish person to win the World IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship at black belt level?
- ... that musician John Mayer dismissed Taylor Swift's "Dear John" as "cheap songwriting"?
- ... that after the Basilica of St. Mary of the Assumption was named a minor basilica by Pope Francis in 2022, this was announced on the vigil of the Assumption of Mary?
- ... that Debra Lew Harder is the fifth person to host the Metropolitan Opera radio broadcasts since they began in 1931?
- ... that at the Eurovision Song Contest 1992, Johnny Logan became the first person to win the contest three times as either a performer or a songwriter?
- ... that jazz fusion and funk musician Mark Lettieri graduated with a degree in marketing?
- ... that Smoke over Birkenau by Polish writer Seweryna Szmaglewska, published in 1945, was one of the first and most influential works about the Auschwitz–Birkenau concentration camp?
- ... that The Man Without Talent is an I-novel, a genre of semi-autobiographical confessional literature that has been popular in Japan since the early twentieth century?
- ... that Glyn Johns was the recording engineer for Led Zeppelin's debut album, the Beatles' Get Back Sessions, and the Rolling Stones album Let It Bleed?
- ... that Alfred Egerton Cooper, a war artist who lost the use of an eye in World War I, painted airships?
- ... that by the time he became Governor of Arizona, John Howard Pyle's appearances on a Phoenix radio station made him "as familiar in Arizona homes as the family radio"?
- ... that Bearded Man with a Beret by the Dutch artist Jan Lievens is an example of a tronie?
General images
- Image 1Einhard as scribe (from Biography)
- Image 2James Boswell wrote what many consider to be the first modern biography, The Life of Samuel Johnson, in 1791. (from Biography)
- Image 3Cover of the first English edition of Benjamin Franklin's autobiography, 1793 (from Autobiography)
- Image 4Eminent Victorians set the standard for 20th century biographical writing, when it was published in 1918. (from Biography)
- Image 5Third volume of a 1727 edition of Plutarch's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans printed by Jacob Tonson (from Biography)
- Image 7Saint Augustine of Hippo wrote Confessions, the first Western autobiography ever written, around 400. Portrait by Philippe de Champaigne, 17th century. (from Autobiography)
- Image 8John Foxe's The Book of Martyrs, was one of the earliest English-language biographies. (from Biography)
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Selected portrait
- Image 1Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, (1758–1805) was a British flag officer who served in the Royal Navy, particularly during the Napoleonic Wars. Born in Norfolk, Nelson entered the navy at age 13, and in 1778 he obtained his own command. During his career he suffered from seasickness, and by the time of the Trafalgar Campaign he had already lost his right arm and sight in an eye in battles in Santa Cruz de Tenerife and Corsica, respectively.
In 1805 he took over the Cádiz blockade, and on 21 October of that year Nelson's fleet engaged the Franco-Spanish one at the Battle of Trafalgar. The battle was a British victory, but during the action Nelson was fatally wounded by a French sharpshooter. Numerous monuments, such as Nelson's Column, have been created in his memory, and his signal "England expects that every man will do his duty" has been widely quoted, paraphrased and referenced. - Image 2Photograph: Allan WarrenEnoch Powell (1912–98), a professor of Ancient Greek by age 25 and brigadier during World War II, took up politics in the late 1940s and in the 1960s was selected for several cabinet positions. In 1968, he gave the "Rivers of Blood" speech about the dangers of immigration to the United Kingdom and of proposed anti-discrimination legislation.
- Image 3Image: Alfred Hoffy; Restoration: Lise BroerAn image of Daniel O'Connell (1775–1847), captioned "The Champion of Liberty". O'Connell was an Irish political leader in the first half of the nineteenth century. He campaigned for Catholic Emancipation—the right for Roman Catholics to sit in the Westminster Parliament, denied for over 100 years—and repeal of the Act of Union which combined Ireland and Great Britain. King George III had disallowed Catholics from sitting in Parliament, saying that it would breach his coronation oath to act as protector of Protestantism. Through O'Connell's efforts, Catholic Emancipation was finally passed by Parliament on 24 March 1829.
- Image 4Raden Saleh (1811–1880) was a Romantic painter of Arab-Javanese ethnicity from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). Born in Semarang, in 1829 he was sent to the Netherlands to study portraiture and landscape painting under artists such as Cornelis Kruseman and Andreas Schelfhout. Upon returning to Java in 1851, Saleh focused predominantly on the day-to-day lives of the Javanese, although he also completed his magnum opus, The Arrest of Pangeran Diponegoro, in this period.
This painting, though long thought to be a self-portrait, is now attributed to Friedrich Carl Albert Schreuel, a German artist whom Saleh knew during his time in Europe. - Image 5Photo: Nick van OrmondtMark Rutte is (as of 2011) the incumbent Prime Minister of the Netherlands. He has been the leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) party since 2006. In the 2010 general election, the VVD won the highest number of votes cast, resulting in their occupying 31 of the 150 seats in the House of Representatives. When he was sworn in on 14 October 2010, he became the first liberal Prime Minister in the Netherlands in 92 years.
- Image 6Photograph credit: Nadar; restored by Adam CuerdenCélestine Galli-Marié (1837–1905) was a French mezzo-soprano who is most famous for creating the title role in the opera Carmen by Georges Bizet. It was said that, during the opera's 33rd performance on 2 June 1875, Galli-Marié had a premonition of Bizet's death while singing in the third act, and fainted when she left the stage; the composer in fact died that night and the next performance was cancelled due to her indisposition. This photograph by Nadar depicts Galli-Marié as the titular character in Carmen.
- Image 7Engraver: John James Hinchliff; Restoration: Adam CuerdenAn engraving of Marguerite de Navarre (1492–1549), the queen consort of King Henry II of Navarre, from an 1864 English edition of the Heptaméron, a collection of her own short stories. She was a patron of humanists and reformers, and as the older sister of King Francis I of France, Marguerite held tremendous influence in France, so much so that French historian Jules Michelet called her the "Mother" of the French Renaissance and American scholar Samuel Putnam called her the "First Modern Woman".
- Image 8Photograph credit: Augustus BinuK. T. Thomas (born 30 January 1937) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India, known for his strong opinions on Indian socio-political matters. He was selected as a district and sessions judge in 1977, and became a judge of the Kerala High Court in 1985. A decade later, he was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court, on which he served until retiring in 2002. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Indian government in 2007 for services in the field of social affairs.
- Image 9Photograph credit: Tati Studio; restored by Chris WoodrichAminah Cendrakasih (born 29 January 1938) is an Indonesian actress. She started in films in her teens, her first starring role being in 1955. She continued acting into her seventies, appearing in almost 120 feature films during her career, as well as in several television roles. In 2012, she received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Bandung Film Festival, and received another at the 2013 Indonesian Movie Awards.
- Image 10Photo: Bain News Service; Restoration: Michel VuijlstekeEnrico Caruso (1873–1921) was an Italian tenor who was one of the most famous male opera singers in history. He sang to great acclaim at major opera houses around the world, and spent 18 consecutive seasons as the lead tenor at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. He was one of the first major classical vocalists to make numerous recordings (more than 260), and his 1902 recording of "Vesti la giubba" was the first to sell over a million copies. His records sold so well that the Collector's Guide to Victor Records asks, "Did the phonograph make Caruso, or did Caruso make the phonograph?"
- Image 11Photo: National Photo Co.
Restoration: Michel VuijlstekeSiegmund "Zishe" Breitbart (1893–1925), shown here pulling a heavy weight using only his teeth, was a Polish strongman and circus performer who was known as the "Strongest Man in the World" during the 1920s. He was widely popular in both Europe and the U.S., but died at the age of 32 after an accident during a performance. - Image 12Photograph: George C. Cox; restoration: Adam CuerdenWalt Whitman (1819–1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. A humanist, he was a part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism, incorporating both views in his works. Whitman is among the most influential poets in the American canon, often called the father of free verse. His work was very controversial in its time, particularly his poetry collection Leaves of Grass (first published in 1855, but continuously revised until Whitman's death), which was described as obscene for its overt sexuality.
- Image 13Photograph credit: RhododendritesR. J. Palacio (born July 13, 1963) is an American author and graphic designer. During her career, she has designed hundreds of book covers, including for both fiction and non-fiction works. She is also the author of several novels for children, including the best-selling Wonder, which has won several awards. Palacio is seen here signing a book at the 2019 BookCon convention in New York City.
- Image 14Painting: Alfred Edward ChalonAda Lovelace (1815–1852) was an English mathematician and writer, chiefly known for her work on using Charles Babbage's planned mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine. Her notes include what is recognised as the first algorithm intended to be carried out by a machine, and as such she is often regarded as the first computer programmer.
- Image 15Daguerreotype credit: W.S. HartshornA daguerreotype of Edgar Allan Poe taken in 1848, less than a year before his death. Best known for his tales of the macabre and mystery, Poe was one of the early American practitioners of the short story and a progenitor of detective fiction and crime fiction. He is also credited with contributing to the emergent science fiction genre. A copyright statement is inscribed on this image because it is a photograph of the original daguerreotype.
On this day – June 13
Births
- 1786 - Winfield Scott, U.S. general (d. 1866)
- 1831 - James Clerk Maxwell, (pictured) Scottish physicist (d. 1879)
- 1865 - William Butler Yeats, Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1939)
- 1888 - Fernando Pessoa, Portuguese poet (d. 1935)
- 1893 - Dorothy L. Sayers, English author (d. 1957)
- 1928 - John Forbes Nash, American mathematician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics (d. 2015)
- 1943 - Malcolm McDowell, English actor
- 1953 - Tim Allen, American comedian and actor
- 1970 - Rivers Cuomo, American singer and musician (Weezer)
- 1986 - Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, American actresses
Deaths
- 1645 - Miyamoto Musashi, Japanese swordsman
- 1886 - King Ludwig II of Bavaria (b. 1845)
- 1965 - Martin Buber, Austrian philosopher (b. 1878)
- 1986 - Benny Goodman, American musician (b. 1909)
In the news
- 13 February 2024 – Estonia–Russia relations
- Prime Minister of Estonia Kaja Kallas is reportedly placed on the Russian Interior Ministry's register of wanted people due to the country's removal of Soviet War Memorials, making Kallas the first known government leader to be added to a wanted list by Russian authorities. (The Guardian)
- 4 February 2024 – 66th Annual Grammy Awards
- Taylor Swift wins Album of the Year for Midnights, becoming the first artist to win the award four times. She also announces the release of a new album, The Tortured Poets Department, on April 19. (Variety)
- 27 January 2024 –
- Venezuela's Supreme Court ratifies a ban from seeking any political office for 15 years on María Corina Machado, opposition leader backed by the United States. (Le Monde) (The Economist)
- 24 January 2024 –
- The Constitutional Court of Thailand acquits former Move Forward Party leader Pita Limjaroenrat for owning shares in the defunct media company iTV, thereby allowing Limjaroenrat to resume serving as a Member of Parliament in the House of Representatives. (AP)
- 23 January 2024 –
- North Korea demolishes the Arch of Reunification in Pyongyang after North Korean leader Kim Jong Un ruled out peaceful reunification with South Korea. (NDTV)
- The Senate of the Philippines' committee on women conducts a public hearing regarding the alleged abuses within the Kingdom of Jesus Christ. Three women, two Ukrainian nationals and one Filipino, accuse church leader Apollo Quiboloy of sexually abusing them. (CNN Philippines)
Quote of the week
"Every man desires to live long; but no man would be old."
In Thoughts on Various Subjects
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- Ben Affleck
- Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil
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- Anna Anderson
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- Mary Anning
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- Elias Ashmole
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- Atlanersa
- Attalus I
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- Audioslave
- Augustine of Canterbury
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- Alice Ayres
- BTS
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- Ann Bannon
- Alexandre Banza
- Joseph Barbera
- John Barbirolli
- Alben W. Barkley
- William Barley
- Sid Barnes
- Sid Barnes with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948
- Natalie Clifford Barney
- Nicky Barr
- Richard Barre
- John Barrymore
- Basiliscus
- Cyril Bassett
- Billy Bates (baseball)
- Arnold Bax
- Thomas F. Bayard
- Hugh Beadle
- Louis H. Bean
- The Beatles
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- Kevin Beattie
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- Otto Becher
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- Mary Bell (aviator)
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- Ben&Ben
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- Arthur Blackburn
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- Boulton and Park
- Luc Bourdon
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- James Bowie
- William D. Boyce
- James E. Boyd (scientist)
- Juan Davis Bradburn
- Bessie Braddock
- Ed Bradley
- Guy Bradley
- William O'Connell Bradley
- Don Bradman
- Don Bradman with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948
- Caroline Brady (philologist)
- Will P. Brady
- Lester Brain
- Joel Brand
- William M. Branham
- John C. Breckinridge
- Political career of John C. Breckinridge
- Matthew Brettingham
- Eric Brewer (ice hockey)
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- Benjamin Britten
- C. O. Brocato
- Isaac Brock
- Martin Brodeur
- Neil Brooks
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- Donald Forrester Brown
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- William Robinson Brown
- Raymond Brownell
- Frederick Browning
- Stanley Bruce
- Steve Bruce
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- William Speirs Bruce
- Avery Brundage
- Louise Bryant
- Martin Bucer
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- Paige Bueckers
- David Hillhouse Buel (priest)
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- Henry Cornelius Burnett
- Henry Burrell (admiral)
- William Henry Bury
- The Bus Uncle
- Alan Bush
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- Josephine Butler
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- Cædwalla
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- William de St-Calais
- William Calcraft
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- John Calvin
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- Neville Cardus
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- Bert Combs
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- Tom Crean (explorer)
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- James A. Doonan
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- Etika
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- Demetrius III Eucaerus
- Leonhard Euler
- Antiochus X Eusebes
- David Evans (RAAF officer)
- Edmund Evans
- Hiram Wesley Evans
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- Exhumation and reburial of Richard III of England
- Neil Hamilton Fairley
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- Family of Gediminas
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- Georges Feydeau
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- Nikita Filatov
- Millard Fillmore
- Anna Lee Fisher
- John FitzWalter, 2nd Baron FitzWalter
- Pain fitzJohn
- Five Go Down to the Sea?
- Ian Fleming
- Ernie Fletcher
- Murder of Yvonne Fletcher
- Theoren Fleury
- Howard Florey
- Gilbert Foliot
- Eunice Newton Foote
- Joseph B. Foraker
- Wendell Ford
- George Formby
- George Formby Sr
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- Terry Fox
- Eduard Fraenkel
- Rakoto Frah
- Anne Frank
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- Frederick III, German Emperor
- Robin Friday
- Caspar David Friedrich
- Florence Fuller
- Margaret Fuller
- Melville Fuller
- Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg
- Fuzuli (poet)
- Dave Gallaher
- Ronnie Lee Gardner
- James A. Garfield
- Robert Garran
- James Garrard
- Ragnar Garrett
- William Garrow
- Ben Gascoigne
- Death of Kevin Gately
- Jacob Gens
- Geoffrey (archbishop of York)
- George I of Great Britain
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- George VI
- Prince George of Denmark
- Eddie Gerard
- Gerard (archbishop of York)
- Lisa del Giocondo
- Bobby Gibbes
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- Josiah Willard Gibbs
- William Gibson
- John Gielgud
- W. S. Gilbert
- Adam Gilchrist
- DeLancey W. Gill
- Arthur Gilligan
- Nicolo Giraud
- Hannah Glasse
- John Glenn
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- Prince William, Duke of Gloucester
- Glycerius
- Rachelle Ann Go
- Stanley Goble
- Godsmack
- Robert Goff, Baron Goff of Chieveley
- Vincent van Gogh
- Emma Goldman
- Michael Gomez
- E. Urner Goodman
- Sir William Gordon-Cumming, 4th Baronet
- George Gosse
- George H. D. Gossip
- Arthur Gould (rugby union)
- Mckenna Grace
- Chris Gragg
- Otto Graham
- Percy Grainger
- Rachel Chiesley, Lady Grange
- Margaret Macpherson Grant
- Ulysses S. Grant
- Giovanni Antonio Grassi
- John de Gray
- El Greco
- Horace Greeley
- Charles Green (Australian soldier)
- Debora Green
- Stanley Green
- Herbert Greenfield
- Lady Gregory
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- George Griffith
- Terry Griffiths
- Jane Grigson
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- Rufus Wilmot Griswold
- Orval Grove
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- Bryan Gunn
- Jake Gyllenhaal
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- H.D.
- Al-Hafiz
- James P. Hagerstrom
- John Richard Clark Hall
- Ayumi Hamasaki
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- Learned Hand
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- William Hanna
- Colin Hannah
- Yuzuru Hanyu Olympic seasons
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- Donald Hardman
- Thomas Hardy (Royal Navy officer, died 1732)
- Benjamin Harrison
- Eric Harrison (RAAF officer)
- Fairfax Harrison
- George Harrison
- Phil Hartman
- Francis Harvey
- Dominik Hašek
- Lindsay Hassett with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948
- Anne Hathaway
- Simon Hatley
- Eric A. Havelock
- Richard Hawes
- John Hay
- Rutherford B. Hayes
- Frank Headlam
- George Headley
- Patrick Francis Healy
- Charles Heaphy
- Reginald Heber
- Princess Helena of the United Kingdom
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- William Hely
- Ernest Hemingway
- Paul Henderson
- Canadian drug charges and trial of Jimi Hendrix
- Death of Jimi Hendrix
- Jimi Hendrix
- Henry I of England
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- Henry (bishop of Finland)
- Patrick Henry
- Thierry Henry
- George Went Hensley
- Katharine Hepburn
- Herman the Archdeacon
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- Edmund Herring
- Herbie Hewett
- Joe Hewitt (RAAF officer)
- Georgette Heyer
- Peter Heywood
- Hi-5 (Australian group)
- Hilary of Chichester
- Clem Hill
- Damon Hill
- Lynn Hill
- William Hillcourt
- Bernard Hinault
- Thomas C. Hindman
- Marie Sophie Hingst
- George Hirst
- Garret Hobart
- Jack Hobbs
- Robert Howard Hodgkin
- Hö'elün
- Philip Seymour Hoffman
- Ima Hogg
- James Hogun
- Charles Holden
- Les Holden
- Tom Holland
- Disappearance of Natalee Holloway
- Stanley Holloway
- Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
- Gustav Holst
- Imogen Holst
- Lou Henry Hoover
- Michael Hordern
- Kenneth Horne
- Rogers Hornsby
- E. W. Hornung
- Brian Horrocks
- Nicholas Hoult
- House of Plantagenet
- Margaret Lea Houston
- Art Houtteman
- Juwan Howard
- C. D. Howe
- Robert Howe (Continental Army officer)
- Cedric Howell
- Hu Zhengyan
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- Robert Hues
- Paterson Clarence Hughes
- Caesar Hull
- James Humphreys (pornographer)
- Josh Hutcherson
- Anne Hutchinson
- Len Hutton
- Hygeberht
- Jarome Iginla
- Fanny Imlay
- Joaquim José Inácio, Viscount of Inhaúma
- Ine of Wessex
- Charles Inglis (engineer)
- Roy Inwood
- Irataba
- Oscar Isaac
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- Hastings Ismay, 1st Baron Ismay
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- Andrew Jackson
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- Douglas Jardine
- Peter Jeffrey (RAAF officer)
- Frank Jenner
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- Jesus
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- Dobroslav Jevđević
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah
- Joan of Arc
- Jocelin of Glasgow
- Joehana
- Scarlett Johansson
- John Edward Brownlee's tenure as Attorney General of Alberta
- John, King of England
- Andrew Johnson
- Ian Johnson (cricketer)
- Joseph Johnson (publisher)
- Keen Johnson
- Keith Johnson (cricket administrator)
- Ken "Snakehips" Johnson
- Magic Johnson
- Early life of Samuel Johnson
- Samuel Johnson
- Andrew Johnston (singer)
- David A. Johnston
- Angelina Jolie
- The boy Jones
- Murder of Dwayne Jones
- George Jones (RAAF officer)
- Mary Jane Richardson Jones
- Peter Jones (missionary)
- Michael Jordan
- Jane Joseph
- Josquin des Prez
- Jovan Vladimir
- Joy Division
- Ernest Joyce
- James Joyce
- Master Juba
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- Justus
- Ted Kaczynski
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- Katrina Kaif
- Edgar Kain
- Jamie Kalven
- Dimple Kapadia
- Kareena Kapoor Khan
- Sonam Kapoor
- Abdul Karim (the Munshi)
- Robert Kaske
- Masako Katsura
- Panagiotis Kavvadias
- J. R. Kealoha
- Maynard James Keenan
- Fred Keenor
- David Kelly (weapons expert)
- Susi Kentikian
- Jomo Kenyatta
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- Khalid ibn al-Walid
- Shah Rukh Khan
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- Bill Kibby
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- Harmon Killebrew
- Roy Kilner
- Bart King
- Elwyn Roy King
- Bruce Kingsbury
- Thomas C. Kinkaid
- The Kinks
- Otto Klemperer
- Johann von Klenau
- Nigel Kneale
- John Knox
- Kalki Koechlin
- Manuel I Komnenos
- Tadeusz Kościuszko
- Sandy Koufax
- George Koval
- Christopher C. Kraft Jr.
- Theodora Kroeber
- Walter Krueger
- Nikolai Kulikovsky
- Nodar Kumaritashvili
- Kyla (Filipino singer)
- Leah LaBelle
- Lady Gaga
- Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
- Ruby Laffoon
- Nestor Lakoba
- Mathew Charles Lamb
- Daniel Lambert
- Osbert Lancaster
- Kenesaw Mountain Landis
- Franklin Knight Lane
- Cosmo Gordon Lang
- Angela Lansbury
- George Lansbury
- LaRouche criminal trials
- Brie Larson
- Harold Larwood
- Theodore II Laskaris
- Lat (cartoonist)
- Elizabeth Maitland, Duchess of Lauderdale
- Laurence of Canterbury
- Jennifer Lawrence
- Ursula K. Le Guin
- John Le Mesurier
- Lê Quang Tung
- William D. Leahy
- John Leak
- Raymond Leane
- Louis Leblanc
- Faith Leech
- Vivien Leigh
- Émile Lemoine
- Etta Lemon
- Suzanne Lenglen
- Vladimir Lenin
- John Lennon
- Dan Leno
- Helmut Lent
- John Lerew
- Leucippus
- Harriet Leveson-Gower, Countess Granville
- Albert Levitt
- David Lewis (Canadian politician)
- Maurice Leyland
- Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná
- Li Rui
- Lie Kim Hok
- Marcel Lihau
- Ernst Lindemann
- Trevor Linden
- Lindow Man
- Ray Lindwall with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948
- Tara Lipinski
- Little Tich
- John Littlejohn (preacher)
- Marie Lloyd
- Stefan Lochner
- Angel Locsin
- Kellie Loder
- Carl Hans Lody
- Huey Long
- James B. Longacre
- William de Longchamp
- James Longstreet
- Joseph A. Lopez
- Lorde
- Prince Louis of Battenberg
- Courtney Love
- Jim Lovell
- Edward Low
- James Russell Lowell
- Sam Loxton
- Sam Loxton with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948
- John Bingham, 7th Earl of Lucan
- Shannon Lucid
- Steve Lukather
- Glynn Lunney
- Luo Yixiu
- Roberto Luongo
- Witold Lutosławski
- Marcus Ward Lyon Jr.
- Douglas MacArthur's escape from the Philippines
- James Whiteside McCay
- Douglas MacArthur
- Charlie Macartney
- George Macaulay
- Angus Lewis Macdonald
- John A. Macdonald
- Gregor MacGregor
- Iven Mackay
- William Lyon Mackenzie
- Aeneas Mackintosh
- Archie MacLaren
- Bill Madden (soldier)
- James Madison
- Bernard A. Maguire
- Gustav Mahler
- Miriam Makeba
- Nestor Makhno
- Malcolm X
- Garnet Malley
- Haane Manahi
- Manchester Mummy
- Nelson Mandela
- Bob Mann (American football)
- John Manners (cricketer)
- Olivia Manning
- Marcian
- Margaret (singer)
- Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil
- Clements Markham
- John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
- Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
- Francis Marrash
- Jack Marsh
- Bob Marshall (wilderness activist)
- Thomas R. Marshall
- Billy Martin
- Martinus (son of Heraclius)
- Marwan I
- Mary II
- Mary, Queen of Scots
- Mary of Teck
- Herbert Maryon
- Evelyn Mase
- George Mason
- Jules Massenet
- Frank Matcham
- Empress Matilda
- Lionel Matthews
- William Matthews (priest)
- W. Somerset Maugham
- Maximian
- Murray Maxwell
- Jimmy McAleer
- Early life and military career of John McCain
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- Bill McCann
- Paul McCartney
- John McCauley
- Barbara McClintock
- James B. McCreary
- Lanny McDonald
- Frank McGee (ice hockey)
- Frances Gertrude McGill
- John McGraw
- William McGregor (football)
- William McKinley
- Lesley J. McNair
- Frank McNamara (RAAF officer)
- H. C. McNeile
- Harry McNish
- William McSherry
- Ian Dougald McLachlan
- Alan McNicoll
- Ian Meckiff
- Ezra Meeker
- Jacobus Anthonie Meessen
- Megadeth
- B. Max Mehl
- Manon Melis
- Mellitus
- Danie Mellor
- Felix Mendelssohn
- Menkauhor Kaiu
- Ulf Merbold
- Mercury Seven
- Meshuggah
- André Messager
- Olivier Messiaen
- Metallica
- Bob Meusel
- August Meyszner
- Michael Brown Okinawa assault incident
- Simonie Michael
- Khalid al-Mihdhar
- Military career of Ian Smith
- Harvey Milk
- Keith Miller with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948
- Kylie Minogue
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- Nancy Mitford
- Muhammad I of Granada
- Arthur Mold
- Emery Molyneux
- Marilyn Monroe
- Madeline Montalban
- Pierre Monteux
- Claudio Monteverdi
- James Moore (Continental Army officer)
- Julianne Moore
- Fred Moosally
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- Howie Morenz
- Sandra Morgan
- Benjamin Morrell
- Arthur Morris
- Olive Morris
- Edwin P. Morrow
- Meinhard Michael Moser
- Benjamin Mountfort
- Mozart in Italy
- Mu'awiya I
- Al-Mu'tadid
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- Muhammad II of Granada
- Muhammad III of Granada
- Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid
- Muhammad IV of Granada
- Rani Mukerji
- Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
- Samuel Mulledy
- Thomas F. Mulledy
- Baron Munchausen
- Douglas Albert Munro
- Murasaki Shikibu
- Alister Murdoch
- Audie Murphy
- Cillian Murphy
- Harry Murray
- Jessie Murray
- Margaret Murray
- Stan Musial
- Al-Musta'li
- Al-Muti'
- George E. Mylonas
- R. A. B. Mynors
- Florence Nagle
- Fridtjof Nansen
- Daisy Jugadai Napaltjarri
- Wintjiya Napaltjarri
- Makinti Napanangka
- Ram Narayan
- Francis Nash
- Nasr of Granada
- John Neal (writer)
- Francis Neale
- Elizabeth Needham
- Neferefre
- Neferirkare Kakai
- Socrates Nelson
- Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
- James Nesbitt
- Neutral Milk Hotel
- Hugh de Neville
- Ralph Neville
- Thomas Neville (died 1460)
- James Newland
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- Ngô Đình Cẩn
- Nguyễn Chánh Thi
- Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ
- Nicholas of Worcester
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- Robert Nimmo
- Nine Inch Nails
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- Pat Nixon
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- Nizar ibn al-Mustansir
- Emmy Noether
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- John Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
- Ruth Norman
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- Roger Norreis
- The Notorious B.I.G.
- Lisa Nowak
- Louie Nunn
- Nyuserre Ini
- Mary Margaret O'Reilly
- Ian O'Brien
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