For parents and caregivers of children with obesity or at risk of obesity, the information on the issue can be overwhelming. Is it a dietary problem? Is it genetics? Or does your kid simply need more exercise?

In truth, pediatric obesity is far more complicated than any single problem or solution. Children’s brains aren’t fully developed, so methods that may help adults rarely apply to kids. In addition, since children are not autonomous individuals—both legally and developmentally—solving the problem requires a collective effort involving a child’s entire support system.

Familiarizing yourself with the latest research and trends in pediatric obesity is a good place for caregivers to start. Here, Stephen Cook, associate professor of pediatrics at the Golisano Children’s Hospital at the University of Rochester Medical Center, answers some common questions on the issue:

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