1152

1152

1152

Calendar year


Year 1152 (MCLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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Quick Facts
Bust of King Frederick I (1122–1190)

Events

By place

Levant

  • Spring King Baldwin III and his mother, Queen Melisende, are called to intervene in a dispute between Baldwin's aunt Hodierna and her husband Raymond II, count of Tripoli. Hodierna decides to take a long holiday, and travels to Jerusalem, while Raymond escorts her out on the road southwards. On the way back to Tripoli, a group of Assassins stabs him to death at the southern gate of the city. The garrison rushes to arms and pours into the streets, slaying every Muslim in their way, but the Assassins manage to escape; the motive of their act is never known.[1]
  • Baldwin III demands more authority and blames Manasses, ruler of Ramla, for interfering with his legal succession as ruler of Jerusalem. He demands a second coronation from Patriarch Fulcher separated from Melisende. Fulcher refuses, and as a kind of self-coronation Baldwin parades through the city streets with laurel wreaths on his head. Before the High Court (Haute Cour) the decision is made to divide the kingdom into two districts.
  • Baldwin III begins a civil war against Melisende and launches an invasion in the south. He captures the castle of Mirabel, which is defended by Manasses. Baldwin spares his life and is exiled, Nablus thereupon surrenders soon after. Melisende seeks refuge in the Tower of David with her younger son, the 16-year-old Amalric. Baldwin enters Jerusalem, he allows his mother to retain Nablus and the neighbourhood as her dower.[2]
  • Summer Nur al-Din, Seljuk ruler (atabeg) of Aleppo, re-captures most of Crusader territory in the Orontes Valley – reducing the Principality of Antioch to little more than a narrow coastal strip along the Mediterranean. The County of Tripoli remains unchanged and Jerusalem remains a potential threat with ambitions to expand eastward, while also striving to dominate the Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt.[3]

Europe

England

  • April 6 King Stephen has his nobles swear fealty to his son Eustace, as the rightful heir of the English throne. Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury, and other bishops refuse to crown Eustace favouring Henry of Anjou to claim the throne instead. Stephen confiscates their property and Theobald is forced into exile in Flanders.
  • Stephen besieges Newbury Castle and holds the young William as a hostage to ensure that his father, John Marshal, keeps his promise to surrender the castle. When John refuses to comply, Stephen threatened to have the young boy catapulted over the walls. After this, William remains a crown hostage for many months.[5]

Africa

Mesoamerica

By topic

Religion

Births

Deaths


References

  1. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 271. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  2. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusaders. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, pp. 272–273. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
  3. David Nicolle (2011). Osprey - Command 12: Saladin, p. 6. ISBN 978-1-84908-317-1.
  4. King John by Warren. Published by the University of California Press in 1961. p. 21
  5. Amstrong, Catherine. "John fitz Gilbert; the Marshal". Castles of Wales. Retrieved December 9, 2020.
  6. Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.

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