12th_New_Zealand_Parliament

12th New Zealand Parliament

12th New Zealand Parliament

Term of the Parliament of New Zealand

The 12th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It was elected at the 1893 general election in November and December of that year.

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1893 general election

Main article: 1893 New Zealand general election

In the 1892 electoral redistribution, population shift to the North Island required the transfer of one seat from the South Island to the north. The resulting ripple effect saw every electorate established in 1890 have its boundaries altered, and 14 new electorates were established. Of those, eight electorates were established for the first time: Bay of Plenty, Otaki, Pareora, Patea, Riccarton, Waiapu, Waimea-Sounds, and Wellington Suburbs. The remaining six electorates had existed before, and they were re-established for the 12th Parliament: Caversham, Chalmers, Lyttelton, Rangitata, Waihemo, and Waipa.[1]

The 1893 general election was held on Tuesday, 28 November in the general electorates and on Wednesday, 20 December in the Māori electorates, respectively.[2] A total of 74 MPs were elected; 30 represented North Island electorates, 40 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates.[3] 302,997 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 75.3%.[2]

Sessions

The 12th Parliament sat for three sessions, and was prorogued on 14 November 1896.[4]

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Overview of seats

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Ministries

The Liberal Government of New Zealand had taken office on 24 January 1891.[5] John Ballance, who had been leading the Ballance Ministry, had died on 27 April 1893[6] and had been succeeded by the Seddon Ministry under Richard Seddon.[7] The Seddon Ministry remained in power for the whole term of this Parliament and held power until Seddon's death on 10 June 1906.[8]

Initial composition of the 12th Parliament

74 seats were created across 66 electorates. 62 electorates returned a single member and four electoral districts had three representatives each.[9] The Liberal party was the only established party structure at the time, many independent conservative MPs coalesced as a semi-formal Opposition under the leadership of William Russell. Key

  Liberal   Conservative   Liberal–Labour   Independent Liberal   Independent

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Table footnotes:

  1. [N 1]
    Majority is difference in votes to fourth candidate
  2. [N 2]
    Majority is difference in votes to fourth candidate
  3. [N 3]
    Majority is difference in votes to fourth candidate
  4. [N 4]
    Robert Thompson was an Independent in the previous Parliament
  5. [N 5]
    The affiliation of many of the Māori candidates is unknown or uncertain

By-elections during 12th Parliament

There were a number of changes during the term of the 12th Parliament.

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Notes

  1. [1]
    McRobie 1989, pp. 59f.
  2. [2]
    "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  3. [3]
    Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
  4. [4]
    Scholefield 1950, p. 68.
  5. [5]
    Scholefield 1950, p. 40.
  6. [6]
    McIvor, Timothy L. "Ballance, John 1839–1893". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  7. [7]
    Scholefield 1950, pp. 40–41.
  8. [8]
    Hamer, David. "Seddon, Richard John - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  9. [9]
    "Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives - The General Election 1893". Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 1894. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
  10. [10]
    "The General Election, 1893". National Library. 1894. pp. 1–4. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  11. [11]
    "The General Election". Otago Daily Times. 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  12. [12]
    "General Election". Pelorus Guardian and Miners' Advocate. Vol. 4, no. 91. 1 December 1893. p. 2. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  13. [13]
    "Electorate City of Auckland". Auckland Star. Vol. XXIV, no. 273. 17 November 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  14. [14]
    "Page 4 Advertisements Column 3". The Northern Advocate. 25 November 1893. p. 4. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  15. [15]
    "Public Notice". Bay of Plenty Times. 20 November 1893. p. 5. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  16. [16]
    "Political News". Tuapeka Times. Vol. XXV, no. 4049. 11 November 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  17. [17]
    Scholefield, Guy, ed. (1940). A Dictionary of New Zealand Biography : A–L (PDF). Vol. I. Wellington: Department of Internal Affairs. p. 124. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  18. [18]
    "Hawke's Bay Electorate". Hawke's Bay Herald. Vol. XXVIII, no. 9544. 2 December 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
  19. [19]
    "The Otaki Election". Manawatu Herald. 16 November 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
  20. [20]
    "The Palmerston Election". Feilding Star. Vol. XV, no. 125. 25 November 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
  21. [21]
    "Waikouaiti Electoral District". Otago Daily Times. No. 9901. 21 November 1893. p. 3. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
  22. [22]
    "The General Elections". The Press. Vol. L, no. 8651. 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
  23. [23]
    Cyclopedia Company Limited (1897). "Borough Of Carterton". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District. Wellington: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
  24. [24]
    "The Oamaru Mail". Vol. XVIII, no. 5804. 28 November 1893. p. 2. Retrieved 23 August 2016.

References

  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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