The 1901 massacres of Serbs were multiple massacres of Serbs in the Kosovo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire (modern-day Serbia, Kosovo and North Macedonia), committed by Albanians.

Serbs were maltreated and accused of being Serbian agents.^[1] Panic ensued, and Serbs, primarily from the border areas fled to Serbia.^[1] Albanians who participated in the Greco-Turkish War (1897) used weapons not turned in to the authorities against the Serbs in Old Serbia.^[2] In May 1901, Albanians set Sjenica, Novi Pazar and Pristina on fire.^[3] The Albanians went on a rampage massacring Serbs in Pristina.^[4] Ibarski Kolašin (now known as North Kosovo), a forested region made up of 40 villages, largely inhabited by Serbs, where Serbian teachers and priests were active, had long irritated the Albanians and Ottoman government; Serbs were continuously maltreated in the region.^[5] The Serbian government observed the developments in Kolašin, and did not remain idle.^[5] The situation became serious, with Serbs being smuggled arms by Serbia to defend themselves.^[2] In the summer of 1901, Albanians massacred Serbs in the Kolašin area.^[2] The atrocities prompted the Russian government to intervene at the Porte.^[2]

• Attacks on Serbs during the Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–78)