1902_Ontario_general_election
1902 Ontario general election
1902 General Election of Ontario, Canada
The 1902 Ontario general election was the tenth general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on May 29, 1902, to elect the 98 Members of the 10th Legislative Assembly of Ontario ("MLAs").[1]
Quick Facts 98 seats in the 10th Legislative Assembly of Ontario 50 seats were needed for a majority, First party ...
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
98 seats in the 10th Legislative Assembly of Ontario 50 seats were needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.jpg){kind=link}
Close
The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Sir George William Ross, formed the government for a ninth consecutive term, although with only a very slim, two-seat majority in the Legislature.
The Ontario Conservative Party, led by Sir James P. Whitney formed the official opposition.
The number of electoral districts was increased from 93 to 97, under an Act passed in 1902. Ottawa in both cases was entitled to elect two members, and thus 98 MLAs would now be elected to the Legislature.[2] The following electoral changes were made:
- Algoma West was divided into Fort William and Lake of the Woods and Port Arthur and Rainy River
- Algoma East was divided into Algoma, Manitoulin and Sault Ste. Marie
- Nipissing was divided into Nipissing East and Nipissing West
Margaret Haile, a Canadian Socialist League candidate in Toronto North, made history as the first woman ever to run for political office in Canada.[3]
More information Political party, Party leader ...
| Political party | Party leader | MPPs | Votes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1898 | Dissol. | 1902 | ± | # | % | ± (pp) | |||
| Liberal | George William Ross | 94 | 51 | 50 | 1 |
206,709 | 47.54% | 0.25 | ||
| Conservative | James P. Whitney | 97 | 42 | 48 | 6 |
215,883 | 49.65% | 1.96 | ||
| Independent Conservative | 2 | 1 | – | 1 |
1,646 | 0.38% | 0.03 | |||
| Independent | 4 | – | – | – | 5,133 | 1.18% | 3.42 | |||
| Prohibitionist | 6 | – | – | – | 3,126 | 0.72% | New | |||
| Socialist | 9 | – | – | – | 1,993 | 0.46% | New | |||
| Socialist Labour | 4 | – | – | – | 277 | 0.06% | New | |||
| Labour | 1 | – | – | – | Did not campaign | |||||
| Vacant | ||||||||||
| Total | 216 | 94 | 94 | 98 | 434,767 | 100.00% | ||||
| Blank and invalid ballots | 4,021 | |||||||||
| Registered voters / turnout | 588,570 | 74.55% | 7.50 | |||||||
Close
More information Party, Seats ...
| Party | Seats | Votes | Change (pp) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | 50 / 94 | 47.54% | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
| Conservative | 48 / 94 | 49.65% | 1.96 | 1.96 | ||
| Other | 0 / 94 | 2.81% | -2.21 | |||
Close
Synopsis of results
More information Riding, Winning party ...
| Riding[a 1] | Winning party | Turnout | Votes | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name[a 2] | 1898 | Party | Votes | Share | Margin # |
Margin % |
Lib | Con | I-Con | Ind | Oth | Total | |||
| Addington | Con | Con | 1,711 | 60.14% | 577 | 20.28% | 59.37% | 1,134 | 1,711 | – | – | – | 2,845 | ||
| Algoma | New | Con | 1,753 | 53.46% | 227 | 6.92% | 53.53% | 1,526 | 1,753 | – | – | – | 3,279 | ||
| Brant North | Lib | Lib | 1,205 | 53.37% | 152 | 6.73% | 78.47% | 1,205 | 1,053 | – | – | – | 2,258 | ||
| Brant South | Lib | Lib | 2,727 | 53.32% | 340 | 6.65% | 75.97% | 2,727 | 2,387 | – | – | – | 5,114 | ||
| Brockville | Lib | Lib | 2,192 | 54.69% | 376 | 9.38% | 76.05% | 2,192 | 1,816 | – | – | – | 4,008 | ||
| Bruce Centre | Lib | Con | 1,836 | 50.07% | 5 | 0.14% | 75.19% | 1,831 | 1,836 | – | – | – | 3,667 | ||
| Bruce North | Lib | Lib | 2,477 | 52.86% | 268 | 5.72% | 76.85% | 2,477 | 2,209 | – | – | – | 4,686 | ||
| Bruce South | Lib | Lib | 1,932 | 50.84% | 64 | 1.68% | 74.67% | 1,932 | 1,868 | – | – | – | 3,800 | ||
| Cardwell | Con | Con | 2,003 | 62.63% | 808 | 25.27% | 56.50% | 1,195 | 2,003 | – | – | – | 3,198 | ||
| Carleton | I-Con | Con | 1,971 | 72.57% | 1,226 | 45.14% | 54.68% | 745 | 1,971 | – | – | – | 2,716 | ||
| Dufferin | Con | Con | 2,242 | 71.40% | 1,344 | 42.80% | 50.78% | – | 2,242 | – | – | 898 | 3,140 | ||
| Dundas | Con | Con | 2,470 | 55.68% | 504 | 11.36% | 80.83% | 1,966 | 2,470 | – | – | – | 4,436 | ||
| Durham East | Con | Con | 1,833 | 61.47% | 684 | 22.94% | 68.76% | 1,149 | 1,833 | – | – | – | 2,982 | ||
| Durham West | Con | Lib | 1,706 | 51.32% | 88 | 2.65% | 86.05% | 1,706 | 1,618 | – | – | – | 3,324 | ||
| Elgin East | Con | Con | 2,177 | 51.32% | 112 | 2.64% | 78.74% | 2,065 | 2,177 | – | – | – | 4,242 | ||
| Elgin West | Con | Con | 3,027 | 50.63% | 502 | 8.40% | 77.19% | 2,525 | 3,027 | – | – | 427 | 5,979 | ||
| Essex North | Lib | Con | 2,940 | 52.95% | 328 | 5.91% | 66.69% | 2,612 | 2,940 | – | – | – | 5,552 | ||
| Essex South | Lib | Lib | 2,847 | 54.67% | 486 | 9.33% | 72.92% | 2,847 | 2,361 | – | – | – | 5,208 | ||
| Fort William and Lake of the Woods | New | Lib | 1,483 | 56.95% | 362 | 13.90% | 52.78% | 1,483 | 1,121 | – | – | – | 2,604 | ||
| Frontenac | Con | Con | 1,774 | 50.82% | 57 | 1.63% | 73.76% | 1,717 | 1,774 | – | – | – | 3,491 | ||
| Glengarry | Con | Con | 2,128 | 56.42% | 484 | 12.83% | 69.14% | 1,644 | 2,128 | – | – | – | 3,772 | ||
| Grenville | Con | Con | 2,261 | 61.74% | 860 | 23.48% | 61.11% | 1,401 | 2,261 | – | – | – | 3,662 | ||
| Grey Centre | Con | Con | acclaimed | ||||||||||||
| Grey North | Con | Lib | 2,930 | 50.04% | 5 | 0.09% | 78.08% | 2,930 | 2,925 | – | – | – | 5,855 | ||
| Grey South | Con | Con | 2,503 | 54.79% | 438 | 9.59% | 73.37% | 2,065 | 2,503 | – | – | – | 4,568 | ||
| Haldimand | Lib | Lib | 1,705 | 52.27% | 148 | 4.54% | 71.72% | 1,705 | – | 1,557 | – | – | 3,262 | ||
| Halton | Lib | Lib | 2,365 | 50.17% | 16 | 0.34% | 83.90% | 2,365 | 2,349 | – | – | – | 4,714 | ||
| Hamilton East | Con | Con | 2,576 | 47.85% | 143 | 2.66% | 77.75% | 2,433 | 2,576 | – | – | 375 | 5,384 | ||
| Hamilton West | Con | Con | 2,422 | 48.67% | 152 | 3.05% | 77.67% | 2,270 | 2,422 | 89 | – | 195 | 4,976 | ||
| Hastings East | Lib | Lib | 1,962 | 50.46% | 36 | 0.93% | 82.69% | 1,962 | 1,926 | – | – | – | 3,888 | ||
| Hastings North | Con | Con | 2,643 | 53.18% | 316 | 6.36% | 69.43% | 2,327 | 2,643 | – | – | – | 4,970 | ||
| Hastings West | Con | Con | 1,884 | 54.66% | 321 | 9.31% | 64.34% | 1,563 | 1,884 | – | – | – | 3,447 | ||
| Huron East | Lib | Lib | 2,299 | 55.63% | 465 | 11.25% | 78.18% | 2,299 | 1,834 | – | – | – | 4,133 | ||
| Huron South | Con | Con | 2,497 | 50.54% | 53 | 1.07% | 83.44% | 2,444 | 2,497 | – | – | – | 4,941 | ||
| Huron West | Lib | Lib | 2,458 | 50.21% | 21 | 0.43% | 80.84% | 2,458 | 2,437 | – | – | – | 4,895 | ||
| Kent East | Lib | Lib | 2,468 | 50.81% | 276 | 5.68% | 66.62% | 2,468 | 2,192 | – | 197 | – | 4,857 | ||
| Kent West | Lib | Lib | 3,714 | 51.63% | 235 | 3.27% | 76.49% | 3,714 | 3,479 | – | – | – | 7,193 | ||
| Kingston | Lib | Lib | 2,043 | 51.72% | 136 | 3.44% | 86.38% | 2,043 | 1,907 | – | – | – | 3,950 | ||
| Lambton East | Lib | Lib | 2,530 | 51.05% | 104 | 2.10% | 81.33% | 2,530 | 2,426 | – | – | – | 4,956 | ||
| Lambton West | Lib | Con | 3,847 | 51.01% | 152 | 2.02% | 77.13% | 3,695 | 3,847 | – | – | – | 7,542 | ||
| Lanark North | Lib | Lib | 1,811 | 51.13% | 80 | 2.26% | 81.79% | 1,811 | 1,731 | – | – | – | 3,542 | ||
| Lanark South | Con | Con | 2,098 | 63.60% | 897 | 27.19% | 83.98% | 1,201 | 2,098 | – | – | – | 3,299 | ||
| Leeds | Con | Con | 2,062 | 57.04% | 509 | 14.08% | 65.19% | 1,553 | 2,062 | – | – | – | 3,615 | ||
| Lennox | Lib | Con | 1,566 | 50.05% | 3 | 0.10% | 77.89% | 1,563 | 1,566 | – | – | – | 3,129 | ||
| Lincoln | Con | Con | 3,199 | 54.34% | 695 | 11.81% | 81.07% | 2,504 | 3,199 | – | – | 184 | 5,887 | ||
| London | Lib | Con | 3,445 | 45.06% | 131 | 1.71% | 82.15% | 3,314 | 3,445 | – | – | 887 | 7,646 | ||
| Manitoulin | New | Con | 1,214 | 51.90% | 339 | 14.49% | 44.31% | 875 | 1,214 | – | 250 | – | 2,339 | ||
| Middlesex East | Con | Lib | 2,469 | 50.03% | 21 | 0.43% | 80.96% | 2,469 | 2,448 | – | – | 18 | 4,935 | ||
| Middlesex North | Lib | Lib | 2,173 | 52.44% | 202 | 4.87% | 79.07% | 2,173 | 1,971 | – | – | – | 4,144 | ||
| Middlesex West | Lib | Lib | 2,172 | 58.07% | 604 | 16.15% | 73.32% | 2,172 | 1,568 | – | – | – | 3,740 | ||
| Monck | Lib | Lib | 1,876 | 55.14% | 350 | 10.29% | 78.25% | 1,876 | 1,526 | – | – | – | 3,402 | ||
| Muskoka | Lib | Lib | 2,089 | 51.05% | 86 | 2.10% | 72.15% | 2,089 | 2,003 | – | – | – | 4,092 | ||
| Nipissing East | New | Lib | 1,218 | 54.57% | 204 | 9.14% | 50.26% | 1,218 | 1,014 | – | – | – | 2,232 | ||
| Nipissing West | New | Lib | 1,185 | 55.69% | 242 | 11.37% | 51.26% | 1,185 | 943 | – | – | – | 2,128 | ||
| Norfolk North | Lib | Con | 1,704 | 50.34% | 23 | 0.68% | 80.13% | 1,681 | 1,704 | – | – | – | 3,385 | ||
| Norfolk South | Lib | Lib | 1,723 | 51.11% | 75 | 2.22% | 83.15% | 1,723 | 1,648 | – | – | – | 3,371 | ||
| Northumberland East | Lib | Con | 2,538 | 52.95% | 283 | 5.90% | 78.02% | 2,255 | 2,538 | – | – | – | 4,793 | ||
| Northumberland West | Lib | Lib | 1,606 | 53.50% | 210 | 7.00% | 82.64% | 1,606 | 1,396 | – | – | – | 3,002 | ||
| Ontario North | Con | Con | 2,219 | 52.17% | 185 | 4.35% | 82.20% | 2,034 | 2,219 | – | – | – | 4,253 | ||
| Ontario South | Con | Lib | 2,632 | 51.29% | 132 | 2.57% | 82.99% | 2,632 | 2,500 | – | – | – | 5,132 | ||
| Oxford North | Lib | Lib | 2,254 | 50.79% | 1,124 | 25.33% | 65.26% | 2,254 | 1,054 | – | 1,130 | – | 4,438 | ||
| Oxford South | Lib | Con | 2,043 | 52.21% | 173 | 4.42% | 58.76% | 1,870 | 2,043 | – | – | – | 3,913 | ||
| Parry Sound | Lib | Lib | 2,490 | 53.40% | 317 | 6.80% | 41.45% | 2,490 | 2,173 | – | – | – | 4,663 | ||
| Peel | Lib | Lib | 2,296 | 51.38% | 123 | 2.75% | 81.64% | 2,296 | 2,173 | – | – | – | 4,469 | ||
| Perth North | Lib | Con | 3,292 | 50.02% | 2 | 0.03% | 83.90% | 3,290 | 3,292 | – | – | – | 6,582 | ||
| Perth South | Lib | Lib | 2,486 | 50.72% | 71 | 1.45% | 81.35% | 2,486 | 2,415 | – | – | – | 4,901 | ||
| Peterborough East | Lib | Lib | 2,067 | 56.00% | 443 | 12.00% | 76.07% | 2,067 | 1,624 | – | – | – | 3,691 | ||
| Peterborough West | Lib | Lib | 2,849 | 63.25% | 1,194 | 26.51% | 79.43% | 2,849 | 1,655 | – | – | – | 4,504 | ||
| Port Arthur and Rainy River | New | Lib | 1,124 | 66.55% | 559 | 33.10% | 46.06% | 1,124 | 565 | – | – | – | 1,689 | ||
| Prescott | Lib | Lib | 2,341 | 59.51% | 748 | 19.01% | 64.13% | 2,341 | 1,593 | – | – | – | 3,934 | ||
| Prince Edward | Con | Lib | 2,273 | 51.31% | 116 | 2.62% | 82.05% | 2,273 | 2,157 | – | – | – | 4,430 | ||
| Renfrew North | Con | Lib | 2,565 | 54.91% | 459 | 9.83% | 82.46% | 2,565 | 2,106 | – | – | – | 4,671 | ||
| Renfrew South | Lib | Lib | 2,676 | 59.76% | 874 | 19.52% | 69.19% | 2,676 | 1,802 | – | – | – | 4,478 | ||
| Russell | Lib | Lib | 2,536 | 59.46% | 807 | 18.92% | 53.44% | 2,536 | 1,729 | – | – | – | 4,265 | ||
| Sault Ste. Marie | New | Con | 1,359 | 53.95% | 199 | 7.90% | 51.69% | 1,160 | 1,359 | – | – | – | 2,519 | ||
| Simcoe Centre | Con | Lib | 1,857 | 50.60% | 44 | 1.20% | 75.49% | 1,857 | 1,813 | – | – | – | 3,670 | ||
| Simcoe East | Con | Lib | 3,365 | 53.56% | 447 | 7.11% | 78.41% | 3,365 | 2,918 | – | – | – | 6,283 | ||
| Simcoe West | Con | Con | 1,734 | 69.89% | 987 | 39.78% | 46.15% | – | 1,734 | – | – | 747 | 2,481 | ||
| Stormont | Con | Lib | 2,807 | 53.59% | 376 | 7.18% | 75.10% | 2,807 | 2,431 | – | – | – | 5,238 | ||
| Toronto East | Con | Con | 3,136 | 54.07% | 922 | 15.90% | 56.73% | 2,214 | 3,136 | – | – | 450 | 5,800 | ||
| Toronto North | Con | Con | 3,838 | 51.19% | 282 | 3.76% | 56.62% | – | 3,838 | – | 3,556 | 104 | 7,498 | ||
| Toronto South | Con | Con | 5,072 | 52.41% | 730 | 7.54% | 59.15% | 4,342 | 5,072 | – | – | 263 | 9,677 | ||
| Toronto West | Con | Con | 4,267 | 58.19% | 1,545 | 21.07% | 51.24% | 2,722 | 4,267 | – | – | 344 | 7,333 | ||
| Victoria East | Con | Con | 2,390 | 56.81% | 573 | 13.62% | 77.02% | 1,817 | 2,390 | – | – | – | 4,207 | ||
| Victoria West | Con | Con | 2,234 | 51.13% | 99 | 2.27% | 78.23% | 2,135 | 2,234 | – | – | – | 4,369 | ||
| Waterloo North | Con | Con | 2,848 | 52.45% | 266 | 4.90% | 74.34% | 2,582 | 2,848 | – | – | – | 5,430 | ||
| Waterloo South | Con | Con | 2,782 | 50.90% | 98 | 1.79% | 72.48% | 2,684 | 2,782 | – | – | – | 5,466 | ||
| Welland | Lib | Lib | 2,851 | 51.00% | 112 | 2.00% | 77.12% | 2,851 | 2,739 | – | – | – | 5,590 | ||
| Wellington East | Lib | Lib | 2,071 | 56.16% | 454 | 12.31% | 70.49% | 2,071 | 1,617 | – | – | – | 3,688 | ||
| Wellington South | Lib | Con | 2,341 | 48.09% | 227 | 4.66% | 75.87% | 2,114 | 2,341 | – | – | 413 | 4,868 | ||
| Wellington West | Con | Con | 1,786 | 51.48% | 103 | 2.97% | 74.28% | 1,683 | 1,786 | – | – | – | 3,469 | ||
| Wentworth North | Con | Lib | 1,410 | 50.87% | 48 | 1.73% | 71.32% | 1,410 | 1,362 | – | – | – | 2,772 | ||
| Wentworth South | Lib | Lib | 1,526 | 53.66% | 299 | 10.51% | 78.83% | 1,526 | 1,227 | – | – | 91 | 2,844 | ||
| York East | Lib | Lib | 1,905 | 54.62% | 322 | 9.23% | 67.28% | 1,905 | 1,583 | – | – | – | 3,488 | ||
| York North | Lib | Lib | 2,828 | 51.90% | 207 | 3.80% | 84.94% | 2,828 | 2,621 | – | – | – | 5,449 | ||
| York West | Lib | Con | 2,802 | 54.04% | 419 | 8.08% | 76.55% | 2,383 | 2,802 | – | – | – | 5,185 | ||
Close
- = open seat
- = turnout is above provincial average
- = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
- = incumbent had switched allegiance
- = previously incumbent in another riding
- = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
- = incumbency arose from byelection gain
- = incumbency arose from prior election result being overturned by the court
- = other incumbents renominated
- = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
- = multiple candidates
More information Political party, Candidate ...
| Political party | Candidate | Votes | % | Elected | Incumbent | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | Dennis Murphy | 5,770 | 27.15 |  Y | ||
| Conservative | Charles Berkeley Powell | 5,633 | 26.50 | Y |
Y | |
| Liberal | S. Bingham | 5,154 | 24.25 | |||
| Liberal | Alexander Lumsden | 4,698 | 22.10 |  N |
Y | |
| Majority[a 1] | 479 | 2.25 | ||||
| Turnout | 11,247 | 71.85 | ||||
| Registered voters | 15,653 | |||||
Close
- plurality for third winning candidate
Analysis
More information Party in 1st place, Party in 2nd place ...
| Party in 1st place | Party in 2nd place | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accl | Lib | Con | I-Con | Proh | Ind | |||
| Liberal | 48 | 1 | 1 | 50 | ||||
| Conservative | 1 | 42 | 2 | 1 | 46 | |||
| Total | 1 | 42 | 48 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 96 | |
Close
- excluding Ottawa seats
More information Parties, Accl ...
| Parties | Accl | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| █ Liberal | 50 | 42 | 1 | 1 | |
| █ Conservative | 1 | 46 | 49 | 1 | |
| █ Prohibitionist | 2 | 4 | |||
| █ Independent | 2 | 2 | |||
| █ Independent Conservative | 1 | 1 | |||
| █ Socialist | 8 | 1 | |||
| █ Socialist Labour | 4 |
Close
More information Source, Party ...
| Source | Party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lib | Con | Total | ||
| Seats retained | Incumbents returned | 30 | 23 | 53 |
| Returned by acclamation | 1 | 1 | ||
| Open seats held | 5 | 4 | 9 | |
| Byelection losses reversed | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Ouster of incumbent changing allegiance | 2 | 2 | ||
| Seats changing hands | Incumbents defeated | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| Open seats gained | 2 | 3 | 5 | |
| Byelection gains held | 2 | 2 | ||
| Incumbent changing allegiance | 1 | 1 | ||
| Ottawa seats | New MLA | 1 | 1 | |
| Incumbent defeated | 1 | 1 | ||
| New seats | New MLA | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| Previously incumbent in another riding | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Total | 50 | 48 | 98 | |
Close
MLAs elected by region and riding
Party designations are as follows:
Liberal
Conservative
|
|
|
Division of ridings
The newly created ridings returned the following MLAs:
More information Riding, Party ...
| 1898 | 1902 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Riding | Party | Riding | Party | ||
| Algoma West | █ Liberal | Fort William and Lake of the Woods | █ Liberal | ||
| Port Arthur and Rainy River | █ Liberal | ||||
| Algoma East | █ Liberal | Algoma | █ Conservative | ||
| Manitoulin | █ Conservative | ||||
| Sault Ste. Marie | █ Conservative | ||||
| Nipissing | █ Liberal | Nipissing East | █ Liberal | ||
| Nipissing West | █ Liberal | ||||
Close
Seats that changed hands
More information Party, Gain from (loss to) ...
| Party | 1898 | Gain from (loss to) | 1902 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lib | Con | I-Con | |||||||
| Liberal | 48 | 10 | (12) | 46 | |||||
| Conservative | 42 | 12 | (10) | 1 | 45 | ||||
| Independent-Conservative | 1 | (1) | – | ||||||
| Total | 91 | 12 | (10) | 10 | (13) | 1 | – | 91 | |
Close
Of the constituencies that were not altered, there were 23 seats that changed allegiance in the election:
|
|
Notes
- Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. Charles Napier Smith (Liberal) was reelected in the subsequent byelection.[4]
- Munro died two days after Election Day. Writ for new election issued. Edward Arunah Dunlop (Conservative) was elected in the subsequent byelection.[4]
- Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. McKay was reelected in the subsequent byelection.[5]
- Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. Clark was reelected in the subsequent byelection.[5]
- Election declared void because of corrupt practices. Writ for new election issued. Archibald Little (Liberal) was elected in the subsequent byelection.[5]
- Election determined to have ended in a tie vote, and was thus declared void. Writ for new election issued. John Brown (Liberal) was elected in the subsequent byelection.[5]
- Davis resigned in exchange for withdrawal of election petition. Writ for new election issued. He was reelected in the subsequent byelection.[5]
References
- "1902 General Election". Elections Ontario. Elections Ontario. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
- An Act respecting the Representation of the People in the Legislative Assembly, R.S.O. 1897, c. 6 , as amended by An Act to amend the Act respecting the Representation of the People in the Legislative Assembly, S.O. 1902, c. 4
- Janice Newton, The feminist challenge to the Canadian Left, 1900-1918.
- Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario. Vol. XXXVIII. Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1904. pp. 2–4.
- Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario. Vol. XXXVII. Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1903. pp. 41–44, 64.
- Hopkins, J. Castell (1903). The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1902. Toronto: The Annual Review Publishing Company.