Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1927.

• Large scale excavations begin at Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, China under Canadian paleoanthropologist Davidson Black with support from the Rockefeller Foundation.
• The Swedish Cyprus Expedition begins 3½ years of excavations under Einar Gjerstad.
• Excavations at Skara Brae begin under V. Gordon Childe (completed in 1930).^[1]
• Excavations at Tepe Gawra begin by an American team under Ephraim Avigdor Speiser.
• Pločnik archaeological site discovered in southern Serbia, with findings of the Vinca culture (5500 BC).
• Excavations begin at Garðar Cathedral Ruins.

• Davidson Black's excavations at Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, China yield a human tooth that he proposed belonged to a new species that he names Sinanthropus pekinensis.
• Skeleton of Asselar man discovered by Théodore Monod and Wladimir Besnard in the Adrar des Ifoghas.
• Kents Cavern 4 maxilla found in England.
• Leonard Woolley's excavations at Ur uncover the Enheduanna calcite disc.
• "Priest-King" sculpture from the Indus Valley civilisation found at Mohenjo-daro.^[2]
• First location of wreckage from the VOC Zuytdorp in Western Australia.
• Pilot Percy Maitland observes stone wheel-like structures across Syria and Saudi Arabia.^[3]

• March - The journal Antiquity is first published in the United Kingdom. In the first two issues, the editor O. G. S. Crawford dismisses the Glozel artifacts as largely fakes.^[4]
• Alan Gardiner's Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs is first published.

• Work begins on draining Lake Nemi to recover the Nemi ships.
• December - An international commission declares most artefacts from the excavations at Glozel to be forgeries.

• January 14 - Rodolphe Kasser, Swiss philologist and archaeologist (d. 2013)^[5]
• February 10 - Bridget Allchin, British archaeologist and prehistorian (d. 2017)^[6]
• July 1 - Leo Klejn, Russian archaeologist, anthropologist and philologist (d. 2019)
• November 4 - Ivor Noël Hume, British historical archaeologist (d. 2017)^[7]

• January 21 - Gen. Sir Charles Warren, British Biblical archaeologist (born 1840)