1942_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Mexico

1942 United States Senate elections

1942 United States Senate elections

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The 1942 United States Senate elections were held November 3, 1942, midway through Franklin D. Roosevelt's third term as president. The 32 seats of Class 2 were contested in regular elections, and two special elections were held to fill vacancies.

Quick Facts 34 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate 49 seats needed for a majority, Majority party ...

Although this election took place during World War II, the opposition Republican party made major gains, taking eight seats from the Democrats and one from an independent. The Democrats nonetheless retained a significant majority, though the smallest since Roosevelt was first elected in 1932.

The New York Times ascribed the results to "voters' dissatisfaction with the conduct of the war, both at home and abroad" but not evidence of a lack of enthusiasm for the war effort. It found that a candidate's stance as isolationist or interventionist before Pearl Harbor had little impact on his success at the polls.[3] The paper's editorial board welcomed a return to normal political alignments after the unbalanced majorities of the previous decade.[4] The election not only changed the numbers of Democrats and Republicans in the Senate, but also accomplished an ideological shift, as several longtime enthusiastic supporters of the New Deal were replaced by Republicans of the most conservative sort.[5]

The Republicans gained enough seats to end the Democrats' supermajority control.[6] Democrats later gained a seat in New Jersey through an appointment, bringing their seat total up to 58.

Results summary

57 1 38
Democratic P Republican

Colored shading indicates party with largest share of that row.

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Source:[2]

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

One Republican retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term and two Democrats retired instead of seeking election to a full term.

Defeats

Eight Democrats and one Independent sought re-election but lost in the primary or general election. One Democrat sought election to finish the unexpired term but lost in the primary election and one Democrat sought election to finish the unexpired term but lost in the general election.

Post election changes

Change in composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1942.

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42
Ala.
Ran
D43
Ark.
Retired
D44
Colo. (reg)
Ran
D45
Del.
Ran
D46
Ga.
Ran
D47
Iowa
Ran
D48
Ky.
Ran
Majority → D49
La.
Ran
D58
R.I.
Ran
D57
Okla.
Ran
D56
N.C.
Ran
D55
N.M.
Ran
D54
N.J.
Ran
D53
Nev. (sp)
Ran
D52
Mont.
Ran
D51
Miss.
Ran
D50
Mich.
Ran
D59
S.C.
Ran
D60
S.D.
Ran
D61
Tenn.
Ran
D62
Texas
Ran
D63
Va.
Ran
D64
W.Va. (sp)
Ran
W.Va. (reg)
Retired
D65
Wyo.
Ran
P1 I1
Neb.
Ran
R29
Ore.
Ran
R19 R20 R21
Colo. (sp)
Ran
R22
Idaho
Ran
R23
Ill.
Ran
R24
Kan.
Ran
R25
Maine
Ran
R26
Mass.
Ran
R27
Minn. (sp)
Retired
Minn. (reg)
Ran
R28
N.H.
Ran
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

Election results

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42
Ala.
Re-elected
D43
Ark.
Hold
D44
Colo. (reg)
Re-elected
D45
Ga.
Re-elected
D46
Ky.
Re-elected
D47
La.
Re-elected
D48
Miss.
Hold
Majority → D49
Mont.
Re-elected
P1 D57
Va.
Re-elected
D56
Tenn.
Re-elected
D55
Texas
Re-elected
D54
S.C.
Re-elected
D53
R.I.
Re-elected
D52
N.C.
Re-elected
D51
N.M.
Re-elected
D50
Nev. (sp)
Hold
R38
Wyo.
Gain
R37
W.Va. (sp)
Gain[lower-alpha 2]
W.Va. (reg)
Gain
R36
S.D.
Gain
R35
Okla.
Gain
R34
N.J.
Gain
R33
Neb.
Gain
R32
Mich.
Gain
R31
Iowa
Gain
R30
Del.
Gain
R29
Ore.
Re-elected
R19 R20 R21
Colo. (sp)
Elected[lower-alpha 3]
R22
Idaho
Re-elected
R23
Ill.
Re-elected
R24
Kan.
Re-elected
R25
Maine
Re-elected
R26
Mass.
Re-elected
R27
Minn. (sp)
Hold
Minn. (reg)
Elected[lower-alpha 3]
R28
N.H.
Re-elected
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
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Race summaries

Special elections during the 77th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1942 or before January 3, 1943; ordered by election date.

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Races leading to the 78th Congress

In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1943; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

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Closest races

Eleven races had a margin of victory under 10%:

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There is no tipping point state

Alabama

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Arkansas

Senator John L. McClellan
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Colorado

There were 2 elections in Colorado.

Colorado (regular)

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Colorado (special)

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Delaware

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Georgia

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Idaho

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Illinois

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Iowa

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Kansas

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Kentucky

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Louisiana

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Maine

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Massachusetts

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Michigan

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Minnesota

There were two elections to the same seat due to the August 31, 1940 death of Farmer–Laborite Ernest Lundeen. Republican Joseph H. Ball was appointed October 14, 1940 to continue the term, pending the special election. Ball was elected to the next term in the regular election, but not to finish the current term in the special election.

Minnesota (special)

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Minnesota (regular)

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Mississippi

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Montana

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Nebraska

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Nevada (special)

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New Hampshire

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New Jersey

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New Mexico

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North Carolina

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Oklahoma

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Oregon

More information Party, Candidate ...

Rhode Island

More information Party, Candidate ...

South Carolina

Senator Burnet R. Maybank
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South Dakota

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Tennessee

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Texas

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Virginia

Senator Carter Glass
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West Virginia

There were 2 elections to the same seat due to the January 12, 1941 resignation of Democrat Matthew M. Neely who was elected Governor of West Virginia. Democrat Joseph Rosier was appointed January 13, 1941 to continue the term, pending the special election. Primaries for both races were held August 4, 1942.

West Virginia (special)

Senator Hugh Ike Shott

Interim Democrat Joseph Rosier easily won the primary,[11] but lost the special election to finish the term that would end in January 1943 to former congressman and 1936 Senate nominee Hugh Ike Shott.

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West Virginia (regular)

Senator Chapman Revercomb

Neither Shott nor Rosier were candidates in the regular election. Instead, governor (and former senator) Neely ran to reclaim his seat, having regretted leaving the Senate.

Neely won the Democratic primary[13] but lost the regular election.

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At the end of the term, Revercomb would lose re-election to Neely in 1948. He then won a special election to the other seat in 1956.

Wyoming

More information Party, Candidate ...

See also

Notes

  1. Includes Colorado, where the appointee was elected to the remainder of the term.
  2. Appointee defeated
  3. Appointee elected
  4. Norris was originally elected as a Republican. For his final term in 1936, he left the Republican Party and was elected as an independent.

References

  1. There was a regular election September 14, 1942 in Maine.
  2. Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives (1943-01-30). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1942" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 4, 18, 37.
  3. Lawrence, W.H. (November 5, 1942). "Margin is Narrow" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  4. "The New Congress" (PDF). The New York Times. November 5, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  5. Malsberger, John W. (2000). From Obstruction to Moderation: The Transformation of Senate Conservatism, 1938-1952. Susquehanna University Press. p. 100. ISBN 9781575910260. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  6. Murphy, Paul (1974). Political Parties In American History, Volume 3, 1890-present. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
  7. "NV US Senate - Special". Our Campaigns. August 2, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
  8. "WV US Senate - Special". Our Campaigns. June 19, 2004. Retrieved April 9, 2015.
  9. Heard, Alexander; Strong, Donald (1950). Southern Primaries and Elections 1920-1949. University of Alabama Press. pp. 179–181. ISBN 9780836955248.
  10. "WV US Senate - Special D Primary Race - Aug 04, 1942". Our Campaigns. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  11. "WV US Senate - Special Election Race - Nov 03, 1942". Our Campaigns. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  12. "WV US Senate - D Primary Race - Aug 04, 1942". Our Campaigns. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
  13. "WV US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1942". Our Campaigns. Retrieved August 25, 2020.

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