The 1958–59 season was the 56th season of competitive football in Belgium. RSC Anderlechtois won their 8th Division I title.^[1] Standard Liège entered the 1958–59 European Champion Clubs' Cup as Belgian title holder and became the first Belgian club to win a match in European competitions. They eventually reached the quarter-finals. RU Saint-Gilloise entered the 1958–60 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and reached the semifinals. The Belgium national football team played 7 friendly games (3 draws, 4 losses).^[2]

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Football in Belgium

Season	1958–59
← 1957–58 1959–60 →

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At the end of the season, RRC Tournaisien and R Tilleur FC were relegated to Division II and were replaced by R Daring Club de Bruxelles and RFC Brugeois from Division II.
The bottom 2 clubs in Division II (RFC Renaisien and K Boom FC) were relegated to Division III, to be replaced by RRC de Bruxelles and K Olse Merksem) from Division III.
The bottom 2 clubs of each Division III league (K. Tongeren SC, RCS La Forestoise, RC Lokeren and SCUP Jette) were relegated to Promotion, to be replaced by R Crossing FC Ganshoren, US Centre, U Basse-Sambre-Auvelais and K Hasseltse VV from Promotion.

* Belgium score given first

Key

• H = Home match
• A = Away match
• N = On neutral ground
• F = Friendly
• o.g. = own goal

Standard Liège became the first Belgian club to win a match in European competition when they beat Hearts of Scotland on September 3, 1958 (5-1), in the first round of the 1958–59 European Champion Clubs' Cup. In spite of their loss in the second leg (2-1), Standard advanced to the second round, where they defeated Sporting of Portugal (wins 2–3 away and 3–0 at home). In the quarter-finals, Standard was eliminated by Stade Reims of France (win 2–0 at home and defeat 3–0 away).

RU Saint-Gilloise entered the 1958–60 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. They defeated a team from Leipzig of Germany in the first round (win 6–1 at home and defeat 1–0 away). In the quarter-finals, RU Saint-Gilloise eliminated AS Roma of Italy with a 2–0 home win followed by a 1–1 draw in Roma. The semifinals were played during the 1959–60 season. The Belgian lost to Birmingham City (two losses by 2–4).