Events from the year 1959 in Scotland.

• Secretary of State for Scotland and Keeper of the Great Seal – John Maclay

• 1 January – 5 members of the Universal Hiking Club of Glasgow die in a storm in the Grampians.^[1]
• 9 January – Clyde-built fisheries protection vessel Freya founders off Caithness with the loss of 3 of her crew of 20.^[2]
• 28 January – a Glasgow Corporation Tramways tramcar collides with a lorry and catches fire in Shettleston Road with 3 killed.^[3]
• 2 May – the Chapelcross nuclear power station opens.^[4]
• 4 July – British Railways close their Kilmarnock Works.
• 18 September – Auchengeich mining disaster: 47 miners die as the result of an underground fire at Auchengeich Colliery, Lanarkshire.^[5]
• 8 October – United Kingdom general election results in a record third successive Conservative victory.^[6] Harold Macmillan increases the Conservative majority to 100 seats across the UK^[7] but the Unionist Party in Scotland loses 4 seats.
• 14 November – the nuclear Dounreay fast reactor achieves criticality.^[8]
• 17 November – Prestwick and Renfrew Airports become the first in the U.K. with duty-free shops.^[9]
• 6 December – Aberdeen trawler George Robb runs aground at Duncansby Head in a severe gale with the loss of all 12 crew.^[10]
• 7 December – Leith coaster Servus runs aground below Dunbeath Castle; her crew are rescued by life-boat.^[11]
• 8 December – Broughty Ferry life-boat Mona capsizes on service to North Carr Lightship with the loss of all 8 of the life-boat crew.
• William Theodore Heard is elevated to cardinal, the first Scot to hold such an office since the Reformation.
• St. Cuthbert's Co-operative Society opens Scotland's first supermarket in Edinburgh.^[12]
• North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board's Sloy-Awe Hydro-Electric Power Scheme becomes fully operational; and peat-fired generating station at Altnabreac opened.
• North Highland College established.
• The fossil ichthyosaur Dearcmhara is first discovered by Brian Shawcross on the Trotternish peninsula of Skye.

• 31 January – Heather Anderson, SNP politician
• 12 April – Jackson Carlaw, Conservative politician. leader of the Scottish Conservatives
• 16 April – Alison Ramsay, field hockey player
• 27 April – Sheena Easton, singer
• 27 May – Gerard Kelly, television and pantomime actor (died 2010 in London)
• 9 July – Jim Kerr, rock singer-songwriter
• 16 July – James MacMillan, composer
• 27 July – Siobhan Redmond, actress
• 28 July – Lorraine Fullbrook, Conservative politician
• 31 July – Andrew Marr, print and television journalist
• 29 August – Eddi Reader, folk singer-songwriter
• 7 September – Rona Munro, dramatist and screenwriter
• 8 September – Judy Murray, tennis player and coach^[13]
• 10 October – Mark Johnston, racehorse trainer
• 25 November – Charles Kennedy, leader of the Liberal Democrats (died 2015)^[14]
• 30 November – Lorraine Kelly, television presenter
• date unknown
  • Meg Bateman, Gaelic writer and poet^[15]
  • Robert Crawford, poet and literary scholar
  • Andy Gray, actor (died 2021)
  • Alexander Stoddart, sculptor

• 2 July – William Weir, 1st Viscount Weir, industrialist and politician (born 1877)
• 1 October – Evelyn Vida Baxter, ornithologist (born 1879)^[16]
• 15 November – Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1869)
• 25 November – Robert Smyth McColl, footballer and retail store founder (born 1876)

• Jane Duncan's first novel My Friends the Miss Boyds is published by Macmillan.

• 1959 in Northern Ireland