1974_in_spaceflight

1974 in spaceflight
	Soyuz-U launch vehicle
Orbital launches
First	5 January
Last	2 December
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1974 in spaceflight

First spacecraft to fly by Mercury

On March 29, 1974 Mariner 10 became the first spacecraft to fly by Mercury, that saw a spacecraft for the first and last time in the 20th century.

Quick Facts Orbital launches, First ...

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[ap-19740105-1] [1]
"Scientits See Comet From Plane". The Daily Mail. Baltimore. Associated Press. 5 January 1974. Retrieved 4 April 2023 – via Newspapers.com.

[gcat-nike-2] [2]
McDowell, Jonathan C. "Launch list by family: Nike". GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

[gcat-raven-3] [3]
McDowell, Jonathan C. "Launch list by family: Raven". GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

[gcat-r36-4] [4]
McDowell, Jonathan C. "Launch list by family: R-36". GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

[gcat-bb5-5] [5]
McDowell, Jonathan C. "Launch list by family: BB5". GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

[gcat-k420-6] [6]
McDowell, Jonathan C. "Launch list by family: K420". GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

[gcat-arcas-7] [7]
McDowell, Jonathan C. "Launch list by family: Arcas". GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

[gcat-r14-8] [8]
McDowell, Jonathan C. "Launch list by family: R-14". GCAT: General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2023.

[ap-19740119-9] [9]
"British Satellite Launched". The News-Press. Associated Press. 19 January 1974. Retrieved 4 April 2023 – via Newspapers.com.

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Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
January
5 January 01:45^[1]	Aerobee 200A			White Sands		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Aeronomy/Ultraviolet astronomy	5 January 1974	Successful
8 January 01:40^[2]	Aerobee 200A			White Sands		NASA

			NASA/NRL	Sub-orbital	Aeronomy/Ultraviolet astronomy	8 January 1974	Successful
12 January 19:12^[3]	Skylark			El Arenosillo		NASA

		H-GR-58	DFVLR	Sub-orbital	Astronomy	12 Jan 1974	Successful
11 January 22:00^[4]	R-36			Baikonur (LC-162/36)		RVSN

		Dkh	RVSN	Sub-orbital	ICBM test	12 January 1974	Successful
15 January 20:00^[5]	Black Brant VC			White Sands (LC-36)		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Solar research	15 January 1974	Successful
16 January 02:00^[6]	Kappa 9M			Kagoshima (LC-36)		ISAS

			ISAS	Sub-orbital	Ionosphere & Solar research	16 January 1974	Successful
16 January 17:40^[2]	Nike Apache			Wallops Island		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Aeronomy	16 January 1974	Successful
16 January 18:13^[7]	Super Arcas			Wallops Island		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Ionosphere research	16 January 1974	Successful
16 January^[2] 01:40	Aerobee 200A			White Sands		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Solar research	16 January 1974	Successful
17 January 02:37^[2]	Nike Tomahawk			Poker Flat		NASA

			NASA/NRL	Sub-orbital	Plasma research	17 January 1974	Successful
17 January 10:07^[8]	Kosmos 3M			Plesetsk (LC-132/2)		VKS

		Kosmos 628 (Tsiklon)	MOM	LEO	Navigation	In orbit	Successful
19 January 01:39^[9]	Delta 2313			CCAFS (LC-17B)		UK Ministry of Defence

		Skynet 2A	UK MOD	Intended: GEO Achieved: LEO	Comms	25 January 1974	Failure
		Placed in incorrect orbit due to carrier rocket malfunction
19 January 11:34	Skua			El Arenosillo		RAE

			RAE	Sub-orbital	Ionosphere research	19 January 1974	Success
19 January	R-36M			LC-103, Baikonur		RVSN

		POR	RVSN	Sub-orbital	ICBM Test	20 January 1974	Success
21 January 02:39	Nike Tomahawk			Poker Flat		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Plasma research	21 January 1974	Success
21 January 11:30	Skua4			El Arenosillo		RAE

			RAE	Sub-orbital	Ionosphere research	21 January 1974	Success
22 January 02:41	Nike Tomahawk			Poker Flat		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Plasma research	22 January 1974	Success
22 January 11:00	Lambda 3H			Area 3L, Kagoshima		ISAS

			ISAS	Sub-orbital	X-ray astronomy	22 January 1974	Success
22 January 01:40	Aerobee 200A			White Sands		NASA

			NASA/NRL	Sub-orbital	Solar research	22 January 1974	Successful
22 January 01:40	Minuteman I			LF-06, Vandenberg AFB		USAF

			USAF	Sub-orbital	ICBM test	22 January 1974	Successful
23 January 11:30	Skua			El Arenosillo		RAE

			RAE	Sub-orbital	Ionosphere research	23 January 1974	Success
23 January 12:50	Black Brant VB			Churchill		NRC

			NRC	Sub-orbital	Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Aurora research	23 January 1974	Success
24 January 15:00	Voskhod			Plesetsk		MOM

		Kosmos 629 (Zenit-2M)	MOM	LEO	Recon	5 February 1974	Success
25 January 11:30	Skua			El Arenosillo		RAE

			RAE	Sub-orbital	Ionosphere research	25 January 1974	Success
25 January	UR-100N			Baikonur Cosmodrome		RVSN

			RVSN	Sub-orbital	ICBM test	25 January 1974	Success
26 January	Minuteman III			LF-25, Vandenberg AFB		USAF

		GT-24GB-1	USAF	Sub-orbital	ICBM test	26 January 1974	Success
26 January	UR-100N			Baikonur Cosmodrome		RVSN

		GT-24GB-1	RVSN	Sub-orbital	ICBM test	26 January 1974	Success
27 January 19:08	Nike Tomahawk			Andøya		NASA

		Ferdinand 35 (Polar 3)	NDRE	Sub-orbital	Aurora research	27 January 1974	Success
30 January 11:00	Voskhod			Plesetsk		MOM

		Kosmos 630 (Zenit-4MK)	MOM	LEO	Aurora research	13 February 1974	Success
30 January	SSBS			BLB, Biscarosse		DMA

			DMA	Sub-orbital	Aurora research	30 January 1974	Success
February
1 February 06:30	JCR			Area T, Tanegashima		NADSA

		Kosmos 547 (Zenit 2M)	NASDA	Sub-orbital	Test flight	1 February 1974	Successful
4 February 14:40	Skylark 6AC			LA-2SL, Woomera		BAC

			BAC	Sub-orbital	Astronomy	4 February 1974	Successful
4 February	MR-UR-100			LC-177, Baikonur		RVSN

			RVSN	Sub-orbital	ICBM test	4 February 1974	Successful
6 February 00:34	Kosmos-3M			LC-132/2, Plesetsk		VKS

		Kosmos 631 (Tselina-O)	VKS	LEO	ELINT	3 October 1980	Successful
6 February 22:48	Black Brant IVB			Andoya		DLR

			DLR	Sub-orbital	Aurora research (DLR A-BB4-63 Auroral mission)	6 February 1974	Successful
6 February	Polaris A3			Submarine, WTR		US Navy

			US Navy	Sub-orbital	SLBM test	6 February 1974	Successful
6 February	Polaris A3			Submarine, WTR		US Navy

			US Navy	Sub-orbital	SLBM test	6 February 1974	Successful
9 February 02:10	Aerobee 200A			White Sands		NASA

			NASA	Sub-orbital	Astronomy	9 February 1974	Successful
9 February 06:30	LS-C			Area T, Tanegashima		NASDA

			NASDA	Sub-orbital	Test flight	9 February 1974	Successful
11 February 13:48	Titan IIIE/Centaur			LC-41, CCAFS		NASA

		Boilerplate	NASA	Intended: GSO	Test carrier rocket	12 February 1974	Failure
		Sphinx	NASA	Intended: GSO	Plasma research	12 February 1974	Failure
		Upper stage turbopump malfunction
18 February	Scout D-1			San Marco mobile range, Kenya		CRS

		San Marco 4	CRS / NASA	Low Earth	Atmospheric	In orbit	Successful
March
April
May
June
July
3 July	Soyuz (11A511)			LC-1/5, Baikonur

		Soyuz 14		LEO, docked to Salyut 3	Crewed orbital flight	19 July 1974	Successful
16 July	Scout			Western Space and Missile Center at Vandenberg AFB		NASA

		Aeros 2	NASA
August
28 August 10:08	Soyuz (11A511)			LC-1/5, Baikonur

		Soyuz 15		LEO Plan: Dock to Salyut 3	Crewed orbital flight	28 August 1974	Failure
		Failed to dock with Salyut 3
September
October
15 October 07:47	Scout B-1			San Marco mobile range, Kenya		CRS

		Ariel 5	SERC / NASA	Low Earth	X-ray astronomy	14 March 1980	Successful
November
December
2 December 15:00	Soyuz-U (11A511U)			LC-1/5, Baikonur

		Soyuz 16		LEO	Crewed orbital flight	8 December 1974	Successful
		First successful crewed use of Soyuz-U launch vehicle
10 December 07:11:01	Titan IIIE/Star-37			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		NASA

		Helios-A	NASA / DFVLR	Heliocentric	Solar probe	In orbit	Successful
		Achieved a closest approach to the Sun of 46.5 million km (0.31 AU) in February 1975, the closest approach achieved by an artificial satellite at that point; it was succeeded later by Helios-B.

Date (GMT)	Spacecraft	Event	Remarks
5 February	Mariner 10	Flyby of Venus	Gravity assist; Closest approach: 5,768 kilometres (3,584 mi)
10 February	Mars 4	Flyby of Mars	Closest approach: 2,200 kilometres (1,400 mi) (orbiter mission)
12 February	Mars 5	Areocentric orbit injection
9 March	Mars 7	Lander missed mars by 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
12 March	Mars 6	Lander lost a few seconds before anticipated landing
29 March	Mariner 10	1st flyby of Mercury	Closest approach: 703 kilometres (437 mi)
2 June	Luna 22	Selenocentric orbit injection	Photographic mission
21 September	Mariner 10	2nd flyby of Mercury	Closest approach: 48,069 kilometres (29,869 mi)
2 November	Luna 23	Landed rough at Mare Crisium, the Moon	Sample return mission
3 December	Pioneer 11	Flyby of Jupiter	Gravity assist; Closest approach: 42,960 kilometres (26,690 mi)

1974_in_spaceflight

1974 in spaceflight

Launches

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Deep Space Rendezvous

EVAs

References

Footnotes

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