General elections were held in Uganda on 23 February 2006. They were the first multi-party elections since President Yoweri Museveni took over power in 1986, and followed a referendum the previous year on scrapping the ban on party politics.

Quick Facts Registered, Turnout ...

2006 Ugandan general election

← 2001 23 February 2006 (2006-02-23) 2011 →
Registered	10,450,788
Presidential election
Turnout	69.19%
Nominee Yoweri Museveni Kizza Besigye Party NRM FDC Popular vote 4,109,449 2,592,954 Percentage 59.26% 37.39%
Results by subcounty Results by district Museveni:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90% Besigye:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%      >90%      No Data
President before election Yoweri Museveni NRM Elected President Yoweri Museveni NRM

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Museveni ran for a second re-election as the National Resistance Movement (NRM) candidate. His main opponent was the leader of the Forum for Democratic Change, Kizza Besigye. Besigye was arrested on 14 November 2005 on allegations of treason, concealment of treason, and rape. The treason case included his alleged links to the rebel groups, Lord's Resistance Army and People's Redemption Army, and the rape charge referred to an incident in November 1997 allegedly involving the daughter of a friend. The arrest led to demonstrations and riots in Kampala and towns around the country. Pro-Besigye protesters believed the charges were fabricated to stop Besigye from challenging Museveni.

The result of the presidential election was a victory for Museveni, who received 59 percent of the vote; Besigye took 37 percent. In the parliamentary elections the NRM won 213 of the 319 seats.

Justice Forum leader Muhammad Kibirige Mayanja and Conservative Party's Ken Lukyamuzi decided not to contest, but said they would support a joint candidate agreed to by the "Group of Six"^[1] opposition political parties. Independent candidate Nasser Sebaggala registered, but later decided to quit the presidential race, and asked his supporters to vote for the DP's Kizito.

The elections were marred by controversy, with the government accused of intimidating opposition parties.^[2] This included the arrest and detention of Besigye.^[3]

Opposition supporters in Kampala staged some protests but were dispersed by riot police with tear gas.^[4] On 6 April 2006 the Supreme Court rejected Besigye's request to dismiss the poll by a vote of four to three, though a majority agreed that there had been electoral irregularities.^[5]