The 2006–07 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 7, 2006, progressed through the regular season and conference tournaments, and concluded with the 2007 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament championship game on April 2, 2007 at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia. The Florida Gators successfully defended their national championship with an 84–75 victory over the Ohio State Buckeyes.

• The Florida Gators successfully defended their National Championship, becoming the first team in 15 years to win consecutive titles. The Gators also became the first team to win both the NCAA football and basketball championships during the same academic year.^[2]
• The Gators' Lee Humphrey broke Bobby Hurley's NCAA tournament record for three-pointers. Humphrey hit 55 threes in 14 games over his career.
• It was the year of the freshman as Texas' Kevin Durant became the first freshman ever to be named National player of the year. Meanwhile, Ohio State's Greg Oden was an AP first-team All-American, as well as National defensive player of the year.
• Texas Tech coach Bob Knight won his 880th game in a 70–68 win over New Mexico on January 1, 2006. The win moved Knight ahead of Dean Smith for the most career coaching wins in Division I history.^[3]
• Florida coach Billy Donovan made headlines as he accepted the Orlando Magic head coaching job, only to return to the Gators.^[4]
• Five Duquesne players were shot and injured at an altercation following a campus dance party on September 17, 2006.^[5] Coach Ron Everhart drew praise from the media and coaching community as he brought the team together after the tragedy.
• Two players broke the NCAA Division I career free throw percentage record that had been held by Villanova's Gary Buchanan since 2004 (91.3%). Blake Ahearn of Missouri State became the new record-holder, finishing his career with a 94.6%. Derek Raivio of Gonzaga finished second in Division I history at 92.7%.^[6]
• Alabama A&M's Mickell Gladness broke the NCAA single-game blocked shot record, swatting 16 shots in a February 24 game against Texas Southern. The previous record had been 14, held by four players.^[7]
• The preseason AP All-American team was named on November 8. Tyler Hansbrough of North Carolina was the leading vote-getter (65 of 72 votes). The rest of the team included Joakim Noah of Florida (64 votes), Ronald Steele of Alabama (55), Glen Davis of LSU (51) and Brandon Rush of Kansas (26).^[8]
• Wisconsin's Alando Tucker, Boston College's Jared Dudley, Nevada's Nick Fazekas, Albany's Jamar Wilson, Jackson State's Trey Johnson, San Diego State's Brandon Heath, Texas Tech's Jarius Jackson, Hofstra's Loren Stokes, Liberty's Larry Blair, and Towson's Gary Neal (who transferred from La Salle) all eclipsed the career 2000-point mark during the season.
• Oral Roberts had a pair of teammates – Caleb Green and Ken Tutt – both reach the career 2000-point milestone during the season.
• Jackson State's Trey Johnson had the highest single-game scoring output of the season, scoring 49 points in a game against UTEP on December 22, 2006.^[9]
• Winston-Salem State and NJIT moved up to Division I competition.
• Conference realignments: Chicago State moved out of the Mid-Continent Conference and became independent. Florida Atlantic moved from the Atlantic Sun Conference to the Sun Belt Conference. Northern Colorado joined the Big Sky Conference after being independent. Central Arkansas and Texas A&M – Corpus Christi joined the Southland Conference. TAMU-CC had been independent while Central Arkansas moved up to division I.
• Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Austin Carr, Dick Groat, Dick Barnett, Adolph Rupp, Lefty Driesell, Phog Allen, Guy Lewis, John McLendon, Norm Stewart and Vic Bubas were inducted into the College Basketball Hall of Fame.^[10]

Beginning in 2006–2007, the following rules changes were implemented:

• Players can no longer call a time out while they are in the air.

These schools joined new conferences for the 2006–07 season.