2020–21_Nemzeti_Bajnokság_I

2020–21 Nemzeti Bajnokság I

Football league season

For the handball leagues, see 2020–21 Nemzeti Bajnokság I (men's handball) and 2020–21 Nemzeti Bajnokság I (women's handball).

The 2020–21 Nemzeti Bajnokság I (also known as 2020–21 OTP Bank Liga), also known as NB I, is the 122nd season of top-tier football in Hungary. The league was officially named OTP Bank Liga for sponsorship reasons. Ferencváros were the defending champions.

Quick Facts Season, Dates ...

Nemzeti Bajnokság I
Season	2020–21
Dates	14 August 2020 – 8 May 2021
Champions	Ferencváros
Relegated	Diósgyőr Budafok
Champions League	Ferencváros
Europa Conference League	Puskás Akadémia Fehérvár Újpest
← 2019–20 2021–22 →

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

On 16 August 2020, the match between Puskás Akadémia FC and Budapest Honvéd FC were postponed due to the fact that one player was tested positive for coronavirus.^[1]

Teams

Debrecen and Kaposvár finished the 2019–20 Nemzeti Bajnokság I in the last two places and thus were relegated to NB II division.

The two relegated teams were replaced with the top two teams in 2019–20 Nemzeti Bajnokság II, champion MTK and runner-up Budafok, each having the required licence for top-division play.

Stadium and locations

Following is the list of clubs competing in the league this season, with their location, stadium and stadium capacity.

More information Team, Location ...

Team	Location	Stadium	Capacity^[2]	2019–20
Budafok	Budapest (Budafok)	Promontor utcai Stadion	4,000	2nd (NB II)
Diósgyőr	Miskolc (Diósgyőr)	Diósgyőri Stadion	15,325	9th
Fehérvár	Székesfehérvár	MOL Aréna Sóstó	14,144	2nd
Ferencváros	Budapest (Ferencváros)	Groupama Aréna	22,043	1st
Honvéd	Budapest (Kispest)	Bozsik Aréna^{[lower-alpha 1]}	8,000	5th
Kisvárda	Kisvárda	Várkerti Stadion	2,993	8th
Mezőkövesd	Mezőkövesd	Városi Stadion	4,183	4th
MTK	Budapest	Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion	5,014	1st (NB II)
Puskás Akadémia	Felcsút	Pancho Aréna	3,816	3rd
Paks	Paks	Fehérvári úti Stadion	6,150	10th
Újpest	Budapest (Újpest)	Szusza Ferenc Stadion	12,670	6th
Zalaegerszeg	Zalaegerszeg	ZTE Aréna	11,200	7th

Budapest Honvéd play their home matches at the Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion due to the reconstruction of their home stadium, Bozsik Stadion.

More information Budafok, Diósgyőr ...

Budafok	Diósgyőr	Fehérvár	Ferencváros
Promontor utcai Stadion	Diósgyőri Stadion UEFA Category 4 Stadium	MOL Aréna Sóstó UEFA Category 4 Stadium	Groupama Aréna UEFA Category 4 Stadium
Capacity: 4,000	Capacity: 15,325	Capacity: 14,144	Capacity: 22,043

Honvéd	Budapest Budapest teams: Budafok Honvéd Ferencváros MTK Újpest Diósgyőr Kisvárda Mezőkövesd Paks Puskás Akadémia Fehérvár Zalaegerszeg Location of teams in 2019–20 Nemzeti Bajnokság I Ferencváros Budapest Honvéd Újpest MTK Budafok Location of Budapest teams		Kisvárda
Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion^[3] UEFA Category 3 Stadium			Várkerti Stadion
Capacity: 5,014			Capacity: 2,993

Mezőkövesd			MTK
Városi-Stadion			Hidegkuti Nándor Stadion UEFA Category 3 Stadium
Capacity: 4,183			Capacity: 5,014

Paks	Puskás Akadémia	Újpest	Zalaegerszeg
Fehérvári úti Stadion	Pancho Aréna UEFA Category 2 Stadium	Szusza Ferenc Stadion	ZTE Arena
Capacity: 6,150	Capacity: 3,816	Capacity: 12,670	Capacity: 11,200

Personnel and kits

All teams are obligated to have the logo of the league sponsor OTP Bank as well as the Nemzeti Bajnokság I logo on the right sleeve of their shirt. Hungarian national sports betting brand Tippmix sponsors all 12 teams of the first league since February 2019, their logo is therefore present on all team kits.

Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players and Managers may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

More information Team, Chairman ...

Team	Chairman	Head coach	Captain	Kit manufacturer	Shirt sponsor
Budafok	Sándor Vízi	Bálint Pacsi	Dávid Kovács	2Rule	Care Park, nb1.hu
Diósgyőr	Gergely Sántha	Zoran Zekić	Bence Iszlai	2Rule^[4]	Borsodi
Fehérvár	István Garancsi	Imre Szabics	Nemanja Nikolić	Adidas	MOL
Ferencváros	Gábor Kubatov	Serhii Rebrov	Gergő Lovrencsics	Nike	Magyar Telekom
Honvéd	Zoltán Bozó	Ferenc Horváth	Đorđe Kamber	Macron^[5]	Tippmix
Kisvárda	Attila Révész	Attila Supka	Lucas	Adidas	MasterGood
Mezőkövesd	András Tállai	Attila Pintér	Tamás Cseri	Joma	Zsóry Bath
MTK	Tamás Deutsch	Michael Boris	József Kanta	Nike	Prohuman
Paks	János Süli	György Bognár	Zsolt Gévay	Jako	Tippmix
Puskás Akadémia	Lőrinc Mészáros	Zsolt Hornyák	Lajos Hegedűs	2Rule	Mészáros & Mészáros
Újpest	Roland Duchâtelet	Michael Oenning	Róbert Litauszki	Puma^[6]	Volkswagen Centrum
Zalaegerszeg	Gábor Végh	Róbert Waltner	Benjamin Babati	2Rule^[7]	ZÁÉV

Managerial changes

More information Team, Outgoing manager ...

Team	Outgoing manager	Manner of departure	Date of vacancy	Position in table	Incoming manager	Date of appointment	Ref.
Kisvárda	Tamás Bódog	Mutual consent	29 June 2020	Pre-season	Attila Supka	8 July 2020	^[8]^[9]
Honvéd	István Pisont (ad int.)	End of interim spell	30 June 2020		Tamás Bódog	1 July 2020	^[10]
Fehérvár	Joan Carrillo	End of contract	6 July 2020		Gábor Márton	8 July 2020	^[11]^[12]
Zalaegerszeg	Gábor Márton	Signed by Fehérvár	8 July 2020		Gábor Boér	12 July 2020	^[13]^[14]
Paks	Gábor Osztermájer	Different role	22 September 2020	12th	György Bognár	22 September 2020	^[15]
Mezőkövesd	Attila Kuttor	Mutual consent	10 November 2020	12th	Attila Pintér	11 November 2020	^[16]^[17]
Honvéd	Tamás Bódog	Sacked	6 December 2020	12th	István Pisont	8 December 2020	^[18]^[19]
Diósgyőr	Tamás Feczkó		8 December 2020	11th	Gergely Geri	8 December 2020	^[20]^[21]
Újpest	Predrag Rogan		23 December 2020	9th	Michael Oenning	23 December 2020	^[22]^[23]
Diósgyőr	Gergely Geri		7 January 2021	12th	Zoran Zekić	7 January 2021	^[24]
Honvéd	István Pisont	Mutual consent	15 February 2021	11th	Ferenc Horváth	15 February 2021	^[25]
Fehérvár	Gábor Márton	Sacked	17 February 2021	3rd	Tamás Szalai (ad int.)	17 February 2020	^[26]
Zalaegerszeg	Gábor Boér	Sacked	15 March 2021	10th	Róbert Waltner	15 March 2021	^[27]
Fehérvár	Tamás Szalai (ad int.)	End of interim spell	1 April 2021	3rd	Imre Szabics	1 April 2021	^[28]
Budafok	Csaba Csizmadia	Resigned	25 April 2021	12th	Bálint Pacsi (ad int.)	27 April 2021	^[29]

League table

Standings

More information Pos, Team ...

Pos	Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts	Qualification or relegation
1	Ferencváros (C)	33	23	9	1	69	22	+47	78	Qualification for the Champions League first qualifying round
2	Puskás Akadémia	33	18	4	11	52	42	+10	58	Qualification for the Europa Conference League first qualifying round
3	Fehérvár	33	16	8	9	68	38	+30	56
4	Paks	33	14	8	11	76	64	+12	50
5	Kisvárda	33	12	10	11	30	36	−6	46
6	Újpest	33	12	6	15	46	67	−21	42	Qualification for the Europa Conference League second qualifying round
7	MTK	33	11	9	13	44	49	−5	42
8	Mezőkövesd	33	11	9	13	40	46	−6	42
9	Zalaegerszeg	33	10	7	16	58	58	0	37
10	Honvéd	33	9	10	14	46	48	−2	37
11	Diósgyőr (R)	33	9	6	18	34	53	−19	33	Relegation to the Nemzeti Bajnokság II
12	Budafok (R)	33	7	6	20	34	74	−40	27	Relegation to the Nemzeti Bajnokság II

Source: Hungarian Football Federation (in Hungarian), Soccerway
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Matches won; 3) Goal difference; 4) Goals scored; 5) Head-to-head points; 6) Head-to-head goal difference; 7) Head-to-head away goals scored; 8) Fair play ranking; 9) Drawing of lots.^[30]
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated

Positions by round

The table lists the positions of teams after each week of matches. In order to preserve chronological evolvements, any postponed matches are not included to the round at which they were originally scheduled, but added to the full round they were played immediately afterwards.

More information Team ╲ Round, Budafok ...

Team ╲ Round	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33
Team ╲ Round
Budafok	1	2	8	10	11	8	4	3	4	6	7	7	7	7	9	11	11	11	10	11	9	10	9	10	11	11	11	11	11	12	12	12	12
Honvéd	8	11	12	11	12	10	10	9	10	11	11	12	12	11	10	10	10	9	9	10	11	11	11	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	10	10	10
Diósgyőr	2	5	4	8	10	12	12	11	12	9	9	11	11	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	12	11	11	11	11
Fehérvár	4	6	2	1	2	1	2	2	2	4	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
Ferencváros	6	8	5	2	4	2	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Kisvárda	10	12	9	5	7	4	7	5	5	3	2	3	4	5	4	5	3	3	5	7	5	6	7	8	7	8	8	7	6	5	6	5	5
Mezőkövesd	11	9	7	3	5	6	11	12	11	12	12	9	10	9	8	8	8	7	7	6	7	7	6	5	5	5	5	6	8	8	7	8	8
MTK	7	1	3	7	8	11	9	8	7	5	4	6	6	4	5	3	4	5	4	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	5	5	6	5	6	7
Puskás Akadémia	9	4	1	4	1	3	6	7	6	7	6	4	5	3	3	4	6	4	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
Paks	12	10	11	12	9	7	3	4	3	2	5	5	3	6	6	6	5	6	6	4	6	5	5	6	6	7	6	4	4	4	4	4	4
Újpest	3	3	6	9	6	9	5	6	9	10	10	10	9	10	11	9	9	10	11	9	8	9	8	7	8	6	7	8	7	7	8	7	6
Zalaegerszeg	5	7	10	6	3	5	8	10	8	8	8	8	8	8	7	7	7	8	8	8	10	8	10	11	10	10	10	10	10	10	9	9	9

	Leader and UEFA Champions League first qualifying round
	UEFA Europa Conference League first qualifying round
	Relegation to 2021–22 NB II

Source: https://adatbank.mlsz.hu/league/54/0/22649/33.doc

Results

More information Home \ Away, BDF ...

Rounds 1–22

Home \ Away	BDF	DIO	FEH	FER	HON	KIS	MEZ	MTK	PAK	PUS	UJP	ZAL
Budafok	—	2–1	1–4	0–3	1–2	2–1	0–1	2–2	2–3	0–3	1–1	3–1
Diósgyőr	1–1	—	0–4	1–3	2–4	2–0	2–1	1–1	1–2	3–0	3–0^{[lower-alpha 1]}	1–3
Fehérvár	4–1	3–0	—	1–1	1–2	3–0	0–0	1–2	1–1	3–1	5–1	2–0
Ferencváros	2–1	0–1	2–0	—	1–0	1–1	3–0	2–0	5–0	2–1	2–0	2–0
Honvéd	2–3	5–1	2–2	0–1	—	1–2	1–1	2–2	1–1	0–1	1–2	2–2
Kisvárda	0–0	1–0	2–1	0–2	0–0	—	0–0	0–2	3–1	0–3	1–1	2–1
Mezőkövesd	1–0	2–1	1–2	2–2	2–1	1–2	—	0–1	4–3	1–0	3–2	1–1
MTK	1–2	1–0	3–1	1–1	3–1	1–1	0–0	—	3–1	0–1	1–3	0–3
Paks	4–1	2–1	1–0	1–3	0–0	3–0	1–2	4–0	—	6–2	1–2	3–1
Puskás Akadémia	3–0	2–0	1–1	1–1	1–0	0–0	1–0	0–3	3–2	—	3–2	1–2
Újpest	1–1	1–0	0–5	0–4	2–1	2–4	1–0	0–4	1–1	1–2	—	3–2
Zalaegerszeg	1–3	3–1	3–3	1–2	2–4	1–2	3–0	2–0	4–4	1–2	3–0	—

Source: Hungarian Football Federation (in Hungarian), Soccerway
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.
Notes:

The Diósgyőr v Újpest match was awarded as a 3–0 win to Diósgyőr.

Rounds 23–33

Home \ Away	BDF	DIO	FEH	FER	HON	KIS	MEZ	MTK	PAK	PUS	UJP	ZAL
Budafok	—	1–2	1–2	0–4	0–1	2–0	—	—	2–9	—	—	—
Diósgyőr	—	—	—	—	0–0	—	2–2	0–0	1–4	2–1	0–0	—
Fehérvár	—	1–3	—	1–2	—	—	—	—	2–2	—	4–0	—
Ferencváros	—	1–0	—	—	—	—	2–1	—	5–2	1–1	3–0	—
Honvéd	—	—	2–3	1–2	—	0–1	2–2	3–2	—	—	2–2	—
Kisvárda	—	0–1	0–0	0–0	—	—	—	—	5–1	0–1	—	—
Mezőkövesd	2–1	—	1–3	—	—	0–1	—	5–1	—	—	—	2–0
MTK	0–0	—	1–3	2–2	—	0–1	—	—	—	—	—	3–0
Paks	—	—	—	—	2–0	—	2–2	3–1	—	4–2	1–3	1–1
Puskás Akadémia	5–0	—	1–0	—	1–2	—	2–0	3–0	—	—	2–1	1–4
Újpest	2–0	—	—	—	—	3–0	3–0	1–3	—	—	—	5–4
Zalaegerszeg	5–0	2–0	0–2	2–2	0–1	0–0	—	—	—	—	—	—

Source: Hungarian Football Federation (in Hungarian), Soccerway
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

Statistics

Top goalscorers

More information Rank, Player ...

Rank	Player	Club	Goals
1	János Hahn	Paks	22
2	Nemanja Nikolić	Fehérvár	15
3	Dániel Gazdag	Honvéd	13
4	Ivan Petryak	Fehérvár	12
4	Myrto Uzuni	Ferencváros	12
6	Dávid Kovács	Budafok	11
6	Tokmac Nguen	Ferencváros	11
8	Norbert Balogh	Honvéd	10
	Giorgi Beridze	Újpest
	István Bognár	Paks
	Franck Boli	Ferencváros
	Regő Szánthó	Zalaegerszeg

Hat-tricks

More information Player, For ...

Player	For	Against	Result	Date	Round
Tokmac Nguen	Ferencváros	Paks	5–0	11 September 2020	4
János Hahn	Paks	MTK	4–0	26 September 2020	5
János Hahn⁴	Paks	Puskás Akadémia	6–2	7 November 2020	10
Gheorghe Grozav	Diósgyőr	Fehérvár	3–1	20 February 2021	22
János Hahn	Paks	Budafok	9–2	24 April 2021	31

⁴ Player scored four goals.

Number of teams by counties and regions

More information Pos., County (megye) ...

Number of teams by counties
Pos.		No. of teams	Teams
1	Budapest (capital)	5	Budafok, FTC, Honvéd, MTK and Újpest
2	Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén	2	Diósgyőr and Mezőkövesd
2	Fejér	2	Fehérvár and Puskás Akadémia
3	Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg	1	Kisvárda
	Tolna	1	Paks
	Zala	1	Zalaegerszeg

More information Transdanubia, Central Hungary ...

Number of teams by regions
Transdanubia	Central Hungary	Great Plain and North
Fehérvár Paks Puskás Akadémia Zalaegerszeg	Budafok Honvéd Ferencváros MTK Újpest	Diósgyőr Kisvárda Mezőkövesd
4 Team	5 Team	3 Team

Awards

Monthly awards

More information Month, Player of the Month ...

Month	Player of the Month		Head coach of the Month		Goal of the Month		Goalkeeping of the Month		References
Month	Player	Club	Manager	Club	Player	Club	Player	Club	References
August	Krisztián Simon	Újpest	Michael Boris	MTK Budapest	Gábor Molnár	Diósgyőr	Botond Antal	Diósgyőr	^[31]
September	Bence Gergényi	Zalaegerszeg	Zsolt Hornyák	PAFC	Dániel Gazdag	Honvéd	Balázs Tóth	PAFC	^[32]
October	Loïc Négo	Fehérvár	Serhii Rebrov	Ferencváros	Regő Szánthó	Zalaegerszeg	Dániel Póser	Budafok	^[33]
November	János Hahn	Paks	Attila Supka	Kisvárda	Giorgi Beridze	Újpest	Péter Szappanos	Mezőkövesd	^[34]
December	Funsho Bamgboye	Fehérvár	Serhii Rebrov	Ferencváros	Josip Knežević	PAFC	Dániel Póser	Budafok	^[35]
January	Dániel Gazdag	Honvéd	Zsolt Hornyák	PAFC	Patrik Hidi	Honvéd	Bence Somodi	MTK Budapest	^[36]
February	Roland Varga	MTK Budapest	Zsolt Hornyák	PAFC	Zoltán Horváth	Kisvárda	Balázs Tóth	PAFC	^[37]
March	Franck Boli	Ferencváros	Zsolt Hornyák	PAFC	Yohan Croizet	Újpest	Balázs Bese	Budafok	^[38]

Average attendances

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (February 2022)

References

[1]
"NB I: Elhalasztották a vasárnapi Puskás Akadémia–Honvédot - NSO".
[2]
"NB I 2020/2021". magyarfutball.hu (in Hungarian). Retrieved 14 June 2020.
[3]
Temporary home belonging to MTK
[4]
"2Rule mezekben a DVTK". dvtk.eu. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
[5]
"Macron and Honved together until 2023. The new kit 2018-2019 unveiled". macron.com. Retrieved 9 July 2018.^{[permanent dead link]}
[6]
"Bemutattuk az új mezeket!". ujpest.hu. Retrieved 25 July 2019.
[7]
"NB I: a ZTE is a 2Rule termékeit viseli ezentúl – kép". nso.hu. 30 July 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
[8]
"Kisvárda: már nem Bódog Tamás a vezetőedző – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-06-29.
[9]
"NB I: Supka Attila a Kisvárda új vezetőedzője – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-07-08.
[10]
"Bp. Honvéd: Bódog lesz az új edző és Bobál Gergely is érkezhet" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-07-01.
[11]
"Fehérvár: Joan Carrillo távozik a klubtól – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-07-06.
[12]
"NB I: Márton Gábor a Mol Fehérvár vezetőedzője – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-07-08.
[13]
"Felfuttató csapat lettünk, de most új Zalaegerszeget építünk" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-07-08.
[14]
"ZTE: Boér Gábor lett az új vezetőedző – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-07-12.
[15]
"Paks: edzőváltás, Bognár György veszi át az irányítást" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-09-22.
[16]
"NB I: Kuttor Attila távozik Mezőkövesdről – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-11-10.
[17]
"Mezőkövesd: Pintér Attila lett az új vezetőedző – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-11-11.
[18]
"NB I: Bódog Tamás távozik a Honvéd éléről – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-12-06.
[19]
"NB I: megvan a menesztett Bódog Tamás utódja a Honvéd kispadján" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-12-08.
[20]
"NB I: Feczkó Tamás is távozik – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-12-08.
[21]
"DVTK: felvidéki magyar tréner lett Feczkó Tamás utódja – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-12-08.
[22]
"Újpest: Michael Oenning az új vezetőedző" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-12-23.
[23]
"Újpest: Michael Oenning az új vezetőedző" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2020-12-23.
[24]
"DVTK: Geri Gergely távozott, az Eszék korábbi edzője az új tréner" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2021-01-07.
[25]
"Bp. Honvéd: Horváth Ferenc az új vezetőedző – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2021-02-15.
[26]
"Mol Fehérvár: már nem Márton Gábor a vezetőedző – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nso.hu. 2021-02-17.
[27]
"ZTE: Waltner Róbert visszatért, ő az új vezetőedző – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nemzetisport.hu. 2021-03-15.
[28]
"NB I: Szabics Imre a Mol Fehérvár új vezetőedzője – hivatalos" (in Hungarian). nemzetisport.hu. 2021-02-26.
[29]
"NB I: megvan, ki irányítja a Budafokot a hátralévő meccseken" (in Hungarian). nemzetisport.hu. 2021-04-27.
[30]
"Labdarúgás versenyszabályzata" (PDF). 15 December 2017. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
[31]
"2020/2021 évad Augusztus". MLSZ. 15 September 2020. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
[32]
"2020/2021 évad Szeptember". MLSZ. 15 October 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
[33]
"2020/2021 évad Október". MLSZ. 7 December 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
[34]
"2020/2021 évad November". MLSZ. 21 December 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
[35]
"2020/2021 évad December". MLSZ. 31 January 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
[36]
"2020/2021 évad Január". MLSZ. 28 February 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
[37]
"2020/2021 évad Február". MLSZ. 18 March 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
[38]
"2020/2021 évad Március". MLSZ. 17 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.

External links

Official website (in Hungarian)
Official rules (in Hungarian)
uefa.com

Portals:

Association football
Hungary

Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article 2020–21_Nemzeti_Bajnokság_I, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.