2021_Mexican_gubernatorial_elections

2021 Mexican local elections

2021 Mexican local elections

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The 2021 Mexican local elections, held on June 6, 2021, saw voters electing fifteen governors for six-year terms, deputies for thirty state congresses, and officials for 1,910 municipalities.[1] These elections took place concurrently with the country's federal legislative election. The elections, alongside the federal legislative election, were one of the most violent in the country's history, with 91 candidates assassinated prior to election day.[2]

Quick Facts 30 state congresses 1,910 municipalities, 15 governorships ...

In the lead-up to the election, two prominent electoral alliances were formed: the ruling coaltiton Juntos Hacemos Historia, a left-wing coalition consisting of MORENA, the Labor Party and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico, and Va por México, a big-tent featuring the National Action Party, the Institutional Revolutionary Party and the Party of the Democratic Revolution. Additionally, Citizens' Movement participated in the elections as an independent party. 13 of the 15 gubernatorial seats up for election were being defended by a party in Va por México.

In the gubernatorial elections, Juntos Hacemos Historia achieved remarkable success, securing twelve out of the fifteen governorships, flipping eleven, while Va por México was only able to successfully defend two of their thirteen seats.[3] The Institutional Revolutionary Party suffered the biggest loss, losing all of its seats up for election to Juntos Haremos Historia, marking the end of the party's state level dominance in Mexican politics.

Background

Prior to the campaigning period, 25 state governors signed an agreement with President Andrés Manuel López Obrador, which stated that they would maintain neutrality during the elections, uphold the people's free will, reject funding from organized crime, and abstain from utilizing official funds to back specific candidates or parties.[4]

Influence of organized crime

Several different criminal gangs implicated in drug trafficking, human trafficking, and fuel theft have a great deal of political influence in some states.[5] The Sinaloa Cartel exercises considerable control in the northwest while the Jalisco New Generation Cartel′s (CJNG) influence is in the west, including the states of Michoacan and Guerrero. The Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas are powerful in the northeast.[5]

In the past, drug cartels have influenced campaigns by supporting candidates and even running some of their own members or sympathizers as candidates for office,[5] such as Lucero Sánchez López, former federal deputy from Sinaloa who was also Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán′s lover.[6] Election-related violence is of particular concern in Michoacan, not only because of the aforementioned drug cartels but also because of armed community police who often act as vigilantes.[6]

Incidents

Political assassinations

During the campaigning period, 91 candidates were assassinated,[2] where 80% of the cases involved individuals who belonged to a party that did not control the state government.[7] The secretary of Security and Civilian Protection, Rosa Icela Rodríguez, promised to step up security and provide protection to candidates who received threats.[8]

Irregularities and fines

The Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) canceled the registration of 19 candidates of MORENA for failure to report pre-campaign expenses.[9]

The INE canceled the registration of 49 candidates affiliated with MORENA for failing to report expenses related to their pre-electoral campaigns, which affected two gubernatorial, 25 federal deputies, six local deputies, twelve municipal presidents, and four borough president candidates. Two candidates for federal deputy and one for governor of Michoacan from the Michoacán a Redes Sociales Progresistas were also withdrawn. The party was fined MXN $6,714,893.30. Fines were also imposed on PRD (MXN $409,031), MC ($227,886), independents ($182,361), PES ($98,782), Redes Sociales Progresistas ($85,229),  PAN ($26,845), and PVEM ($1,476).[10]

The FGR (Federal Elections Prosecutor) is investigating about 80 complaints about Internet celebrities (Spanish: influencers) who illegally used social media to sway votes toward the PVEM.[11]

The INE said that 300 polling places could not be installed in Chiapas, Michoacán or Oaxaca due to social conditions that make voting dangerous or impossible.[12]

Election day violence

Daniel Serrano, candidate ( MORENA) for municipal president in Cuautitlán Izcalli, complained about vote buying on election day.[13] The Instituto Electoral del Estado de México (IEEM) says that irregularities and violence on election day in Nextlalpan, State of Mexico, make it impossible to give a preliminary vote count (PREP), it may be necessary to hold another election.  PRI says that vandals entered the candidate's house and burned it, in addition to sexually assaulting the candidate, and they destroyed voting material. MORENA says the allegation are false.[14]

Violence was reported in Amecameca,[15] Metepec,[16] Naucalpan,[17] Nextlalpan,[14] and Valle de Chalco.[18]

Gubernatorial races summary

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State races

Aguascalientes

All 27 seats of the Congress of Aguascalientes were up for election, where 18 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 9 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 11 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Baja California

All 25 seats of the Congress of Baja California were up for election, where 17 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 8 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 5 municipalities were up for election.[1] Nearly all the members of the state congress were seeking reelection, except five, which sought other positions in the government.[19]

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Municipal elections

Baja California Sur

All 21 seats of the Congress of Baja California Sur were up for election, where 16 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 5 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 5 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Campeche

All 35 seats of the Congress of Campeche were up for election, where 21 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 14 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 13 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Chiapas

All 40 seats of the Congress of Chiapas were up for election, where 24 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 16 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 124 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Chihuahua

All 33 seats of the Congress of Chihuahua were up for election, where 22 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 11 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 67 municipalities were up for election.[1]

Before the elections, on March 4, 2021, Yuriel Armando González Lara, mayoral candidate for Nuevo Casas Grandes, was assassinated.[23]

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Municipal elections

Coahuila

All positions of the state's 38 municipalities were up for election.[1]

Colima

All 25 seats of the Congress of Colima were up for election, where 16 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 9 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 10 municipalities were up for election.[1][3]

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Durango

All 25 seats of the Congress of Durango were up for election, where 15 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 10 through proportional representation.[1]

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Guanajuato

All 36 seats of the Congress of Guanajuato were up for election, where 22 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 14 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 46 municipalities were up for election.[1]

On March 31, 2021, Alejandro Galicia Juárez, candidate for regidor of Apaseo el Grande, was assassinated.[25]

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Municipal elections

  • León – Ricardo Sheffield ( MORENA), former mayor of León ( PAN 2009–2012) and gubernatorial candidate in 2018[24]

Guerrero

All 46 seats of the Congress of Guerrero were up for election, where 28 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 18 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 80 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Hidalgo

All 30 seats of the Congress of Hidalgo were up for election, where 18 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 12 through proportional representation. Additionally, there were special municipal elections for Acaxochitlán and Ixmiquilpan[1]

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Jalisco

All 38 seats of the Congress of Jalisco were up for election, where 20 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 18 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 125 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Michoacán

All 40 seats of the Congress of Michoacán were up for election, where 24 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 16 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 112 municipalities were up for election.[1]

Organized crime and indigenous groups blocked the installion of 100 of the 6,251 polling places in the state.[28]

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Mexico City

All 66 seats of the Congress of Mexico City were up for election, where 33 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 33 through proportional representation. Additionally, the entity's 16 borough mayors were up for election.[1]

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Borough mayoral elections

Mexico State

All 75 seats of the Congress of the State of Mexico were up for election, where 45 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 30 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 125 municipalities were up for election.[1]

On election day, several municipalities reported irregularities and violence.[31] In Amecameca, two people were injured in a shooting incidenty that interrupted voting.[15] In Metepec, twenty men destroyed a polling place.[16] In Naucalpan, a fake grenade briefly caused panic.[17] In Valle de Chalco, two polling stations were attacked by armed gunmen, causing their early closure.[18]

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Municipal elections

  • Tepotzotlán: Ángeles Zuppa Villegas ( MC), daughter of three-time mayor Ángel Zuppa Núñez.[32]

Morelos

All 20 seats of the Congress of Morelos were up for election, where 12 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 8 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 33 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Nayarit

All 30 seats of the Congress of Nayarit were up for election, where 18 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 12 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 20 municipalities were up for election.[1]

The National Electoral Institute (INE) warned that Governor Antonio Echevarria was evading his responsibilities, claiming that he lied about the state not having MXN $200 million needed to organize the elections.[24]

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Nuevo León

All 42 seats of the Congress of Nuevo León were up for election, where 26 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 16 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 51 municipalities were up for election.[1]

Mayco Fabián Tapia Quiñones, state deputy candidate, was murdered on March 24, 2021.[33]

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Municipal elections

Oaxaca

All 42 seats of the Congress of Oaxaca were up for election, where 25 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 17 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 153 municipalities were up for election.[1]

Polling places could not be installed due to social-political conflicts in seven communities. Additionally, 800 ballots were stolen in “El Ocote” y San José Llano Grande, Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz.[36]

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Puebla

All 41 seats of the Congress of Puebla were up for election, where 26 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 15 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 217 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Querétaro

All 25 seats of the Legislature of Querétaro were up for election, where 15 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 10 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 18 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Quintana Roo

All positions of the state's 11 municipalities were up for election.[1]

Municipal elections

San Luis Potosí

All 27 seats of the Congress of San Luis Potosí were up for election, where 15 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 12 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 58 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municpial elections

Sinaloa

All 40 seats of the Congress of Sinaloa were up for election, where 24 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 16 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 18 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Sonora

All 33 seats of the Congress of Sonora were up for election, where 21 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 12 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 72 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Tabasco

All 35 seats of the Congress of Tabasco were up for election, where 21 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 14 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 17 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Municipal elections

Tamaulipas

All 36 seats of the Congress of Tamaulipas were up for election, where 22 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 14 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 43 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Tlaxcala

All 25 seats of the Congress of Tlaxcala were up for election, where 15 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 10 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 60 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Veracruz

All 50 seats of the Congress of Veracruz were up for election, where 30 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 20 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 212 municipalities were up for election.[1]

On March 4, 2021, Melquiades Vázquez Lucas, mayoral candidate for La Perla, was assassinated.[43]

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Yucatan

All 25 seats of the Congress of Yucatan were up for election, where 15 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 10 through proportional representation. Additionally, all positions of the state's 106 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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Zacatecas

All 30 seats of the Congress of Zacatacas were up for election, where 18 were elected through first-past-the-post voting and 12 through proportional representation. Additionally, the governorship and all positions of the state's 58 municipalities were up for election.[1]

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See also


References

  1. "En qué estados habrá elecciones en 2021 y qué cargos se eligen". milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio Digital. December 12, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  2. Badillo, Diego. "Violencia electoral dejó 91 políticos asesinados durante el proceso". El Economista. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  3. Sevillano, Luis; Galindo, Jorge; Clemente, Yolanda; Alonso, Antonio (June 7, 2021). "Resultados de las elecciones de México". EL PAÍS (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  4. Garduño, Roberto; Vargas, Rosa Elvira (March 1, 2021). "La Jornada - Apoyan 25 gobernadores acuerdo por la democracia: AMLO". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  5. (www.dw.com). "Narcos en las elecciones federales de México de 2021: mapa de riesgos | DW | 06.01.2021". DW.COM (in European Spanish). Deutsche Welle. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  6. "La sombra del narco amenaza las próximas elecciones: este es el mapa de las zonas con más riesgo". infobae (in European Spanish). Infobae. January 9, 2021. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  7. Morán, Raphael (March 18, 2021). "Crece la lista de candidatos y precandidatos asesinados". Aristegui Noticias (in Spanish). Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  8. "Mexico to raise security for candidates ahead of elections". AP NEWS. March 4, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  9. Varela, Micaela (March 26, 2021). "Morena pierde 19 candidaturas por irregularidades en los gastos electorales de la precampaña". EL PAÍS (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  10. "Quita INE a Morena 49 candidaturas". El Universal (in Spanish). March 26, 2021. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
  11. "INE calcula que 300 casillas no se instalarán en el país por 'falta de condiciones'". www.proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  12. "Daniel Serrano denuncia irregularidades en la jornada electoral en Cuautitlán Izcalli". heraldodemexico.com.mx (in Spanish). Heraldo de Mexico. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  13. "La única opción en Nextlalpan es irse a extraordinarias, analiza IEEM". www.milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  14. "Balacera en Amecameca deja dos lesionados. Elecciones 2021". www.milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  15. "Destrozan casillas y golpean a ciudadanos en votaciones de Metepec". www.milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  16. "Lanzan granada de utilería en casilla de Naucalpan". www.milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  17. "En Valle de Chalco cierran casillas por balacera". www.milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  18. "Protesta Claudia Anaya como candidata de PRI, PAN y PRD en Zacatecas". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. March 8, 2021. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  19. "AFN POLÍTICO: Marina será declarada gobernadora electa". afntijuana.info. June 14, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
  20. "IEEBCS - Resultados Oficiales 2020/2021". computos2021.ieebcs.org.mx. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
  21. "Represor de indígenas, candidato de Morena a la alcaldía de Comitán". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. April 1, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  22. Villalpando, Rubén (March 5, 2021). "La Jornada - Asesinan a candidato a alcaldía en Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chihuahua". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved March 5, 2021.
  23. Navarro, Myriam; Villalpando, Rubén; Ocampo, Sergio; García, Carlos (March 5, 2021). "La Jornada - Peligran comicios en Nayarit; el INE responsabiliza a Echevarría". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
  24. García, Carlos (March 31, 2021). "La Jornada - Asesinan a abanderado del PRD a regidor de Apaseo el Grande y hieren a dirigente". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. Retrieved March 31, 2021.
  25. "Bárbara Trigueros se quedacomo alcaldesa de Guadalajara". El Informador :: Noticias de Jalisco, México, Deportes & Entretenimiento (in European Spanish). March 1, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  26. "Crimen organizado y pueblos indígenas impiden la instalación de 100 casillas en Michoacán". www.proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  27. Hernández García, Sandra. "La Jornada - Gana Xochimilco Morena; la alianza pedirá el recuento". www.jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  28. "Partidos reportan irregularidades ante IEEM y piden fuerza pública". www.milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  29. "Matan a Ricardo Almaraz, candidato a síndico suplente en Tepotzotlán". www.milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  30. Robledo, Raúl (March 26, 2021). "Mata asaltante a aspirante a diputado en NL". jornada.com.mx (in Spanish). La Jornada. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
  31. "Elecciones Nuevo León 2021". computos2021.ieepcnl.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  32. Campos Garza, Luciano (January 25, 2021). "Luis Donaldo Colosio Riojas será el candidato de MC a la alcaldía de Monterrey". proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  33. "INE no instala casillas en siete comunidades de Oaxaca por conflictos sociales". www.proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
  34. "Resultados Electorales Locales IEEQ - 2021". rel2021qro.ieeq.mx. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  35. "Artistas y deportistas dan el salto a la política mexicana en elecciones 2021". San Diego Union-Tribune en Español (in Spanish). January 27, 2021. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  36. Bojorquez, Jórge (June 13, 2021). "APRUEBAN CÓMPUTOS ESTATALES DE ELECCIÓN A GUBERNATURA Y ASIGNAN DIPUTADOS DE REPRESENTACIÓN PROPORCIONAL". Instituto Electoral del Estado de Sinaloa. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  37. "ITE" (PDF). www.itetlax.org.mx. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  38. "Fue asesinado Melquiades Vázquez, candidato del PRI a edil de La Perla". infobae (in European Spanish). March 5, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2024.

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