2024_Libertarian_Party_presidential_primaries
2024 Libertarian Party presidential primaries
2024 Libertarian Presidential primary
The 2024 Libertarian Party presidential primaries and caucuses are a series of current electoral contests to indicate non-binding preferences for the Libertarian Party (LP) presidential nominee in the 2024 United States presidential election. These differ from the Republican or Democratic presidential primaries and caucuses in that they do not appoint delegates to represent a candidate at the party's convention to select the party's presidential nominee. The party's nominee will be chosen directly by registered delegates at the 2024 Libertarian National Convention, scheduled to take place from May 24 to 26, 2024 in Washington, D.C.[1][2]
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Non-binding preferential vote | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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First place by first-instance vote
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Candidates and ballot options listed on multiple ballots and receiving at least 1% of the national popular vote are listed individually on the table. All remaining votes are detailed under the other column.
Legend: | 1st place (popular vote) |
2nd place (popular vote) |
3rd place (popular vote) |
Candidate has withdrawn |
Candidate unable to appear on ballot |
---|
Date | Contest | Candidates and results | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Charles Ballay |
Jacob Hornberger |
Lars Mapstead |
Chase Oliver |
Michael Rectenwald |
Joshua Smith |
Mike ter Maat |
Other |
None of the Above | ||
January 13 | Arizona[3][lower-alpha 3] | Not on ballot | 2nd | 5th | 1st | 3rd | 3rd | 5th | Not on ballot | 2 votes[lower-alpha 4] |
January 15 | Iowa[4] | 0% 0 votes |
1.1% 1 vote |
1.1% 1 vote |
42.7% 38 votes |
16.9% 15 votes |
13.5% 12 votes |
13.5% 12 votes |
10.1% 9 votes[lower-alpha 5] |
1.1% 1 vote |
February 3 | Alabama[5][lower-alpha 3] | 4th | 6th | 3rd | 5th | 1st | Not on ballot | 2nd | 6th[lower-alpha 6] | Not on ballot |
February 24 | Mississippi[6] | 0% 0 votes |
11.8% 2 votes |
29.4% 5 votes |
11.8% 2 votes |
41.2% 7 votes |
0% 0 votes |
0% 0 votes |
0% 0 votes |
5.9% 1 vote |
February 27 | Minnesota[7] | 2.3% 1 vote |
14.0% 6 votes |
0% 0 votes |
23.3% 10 votes |
20.9% 9 votes |
30.2% 13 votes |
4.7% 2 votes |
2.3% 1 vote[lower-alpha 7] |
2.3% 1 vote |
March 2 | Indiana[8] | Not on ballot | 4.0% 4 votes |
13.9% 14 votes |
62.4% 63 votes |
5.9% 6 votes |
4.0% 4 votes |
6.9% 7 votes |
Not on ballot | 3.0% 3 votes |
Pennsylvania[9] | 2.2% 3 votes |
4.4% 6 votes |
0.1% 1 vote[lower-alpha 8] |
19.0% 26 votes |
22.6% 31 votes |
16.1% 22 votes |
28.5% 39 votes |
6.6% 9 votes[lower-alpha 9] |
Not on ballot | |
March 5 | North Carolina[10] | 3.6% 183 votes |
7.0% 357 votes |
3.5% 176 votes |
13.3% 676 votes |
3.8% 195 votes |
7.0% 354 votes |
2.7% 137 votes |
18.7% 946 votes[lower-alpha 10] |
40.5% 2,058 votes[lower-alpha 11] |
California[11] | 98.6% 21,906 votes |
Not on ballot | 1.4%[lower-alpha 12] 313 votes |
Not on ballot | ||||||
Oklahoma[13] | Not on ballot | 38.9% 362 votes |
Not on ballot | 61.1% 569 votes |
Not on ballot | |||||
Massachusetts[14] | Not on ballot | 11.0% 1,089 votes |
4.0% 399 votes |
14.6% 1,453 votes |
5.5% 546 votes |
Not on ballot | 3.2% 314 votes |
21.7% 2,161 votes[lower-alpha 13] |
40.0% 3,982 votes | |
April 2 | Connecticut[15] | First Ballot: 6.6% 7 votes Final Ballot: 0.0% 0 votes |
First Ballot: 11.3% 12 votes Final Ballot: 34.4% 23 votes |
First Ballot: 6.6% 7 votes Final Ballot: 0.0% 0 votes |
First Ballot: 34.9% 37 votes Final Ballot: 65.6% 49 votes |
First Ballot: 14.6% 14 votes Final Ballot: 0.0% 0 votes |
First Ballot: 9.4% 10 votes Final Ballot: 0.0% 0 votes |
First Ballot: 8.5% 9 votes Final Ballot: 0.0% 0 votes |
First Ballot: 3.8% 4 votes Final Ballot: 0.0% 0 votes[lower-alpha 14] |
First Ballot: 5.7% 6 votes Final Ballot: 0.0% 0 votes |
Totals as of April 12 (IA, MS, MN, IN, PA, NC, CA, OK, MA, CT) |
57.2% 22,100 votes |
4.8% 1,839 votes |
1.6% 603 votes |
8.2% 3,187 votes |
2.1% 823 votes |
1.1% 415 votes |
1.3% 520 votes |
8.1% 3,130 votes[lower-alpha 15] |
15.7% 6,052 votes | |
May 14 | Nebraska | TBD | Not on ballot | TBD | Not on ballot | |||||
June 4 | New Mexico | Not on ballot | TBD | Not on ballot | TBD |
Major candidates
As of April 2024, at least 38 candidates have filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for the Libertarian Party presidential nomination in 2024.[16]
Declared candidates
This section includes declared candidates who have filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Libertarian Party and who meet one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) have participated in at least three Libertarian Party-sponsored debates; c) received votes in at least three primary contests; or d) have received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.
Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign Announcement date |
Contests won |
Popular vote |
Ref. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
January 1, 1970 (age 54) New Orleans, Louisiana |
Otolaryngologist | Louisiana |
August 24, 2023 FEC filing[17] |
1 (CA) |
22,100 (57.2%) | [18] | ||||
Joseph Collins Jr. |
February 23, 1964 (age 60) |
Businessman and broadcaster | California |
October 6, 2023 FEC filing[19] |
0 | 5 (nil%) | [20][21] | |||
Jacob Hornberger | January 28, 1950 (age 74) Laredo, Texas |
Founder and President of the Future of Freedom Foundation Independent candidate for U.S. Senate from Virginia in 2002 Candidate for President in 2000 and 2020 |
Virginia |
February 20, 2023 FEC filing[22] |
0 | 1,839 (4.8%) | [23] | |||
August 14, 1969 (age 54) Monterey, California |
Co-founder of Friend Finder Networks Founder of Fupa Games and Legendary Speed[24] |
California | March 23, 2021 FEC filing[25] |
0 | 603 (1.6%) | [26] | ||||
Chase Oliver |
August 16, 1985 (age 38) Nashville, Tennessee |
Nominee for U.S. Senator from Georgia in 2022 Candidate for GA-05 in 2020 Chair of the Atlanta Libertarian Party (2016–2017) |
Georgia | April 5, 2023 FEC filing[27] |
5 (IA, IN, AZ, OK, CT) |
3,187 (8.2%) | [28] | |||
Art Olivier |
August 24, 1957 (age 66) Lynwood, California |
Nominee for U.S. Vice President in 2000 Nominee for Governor of California in 2006 Mayor of Bellflower, California (1998–1999) |
California | December 11, 2023 FEC filing[29] |
0 | 5 (nil%) | [30] | |||
Michael Rectenwald |
January 29, 1959 (age 65) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |
Author and Scholar Former New York University professor (2008–2019) |
Pennsylvania | August 28, 2023 FEC filing[31] |
2 (MS, AL) |
823 (2.1%) | [23] | |||
March 13, 1983 (age 41) Antioch, California |
Vice Chair of the Libertarian National Committee (2022–2023) |
Iowa | July 24, 2023 FEC filing[32] |
1 (MN) |
415 (1.1%) | [23] | ||||
Mike ter Maat |
June 20, 1961 (age 62) Portland, Oregon |
Economist Former Hallandale Beach, Florida police officer Nominee for FL-20 in 2022 |
Virginia | April 18, 2022 FEC filing[33] |
1 (PA) |
520 (1.3%) | [26] | |||
Alternate ballot options: | ||||||||||
No preference/ None of the above/ Uncommitted | N/A | 2 (NC, MA) |
6,052 (15.7%) | [10] |
Withdrew before the primaries
Name | Born | Experience | Home state | Campaign announced |
Campaign suspended |
Campaign | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joe Exotic |
March 5, 1963 (age 60) Garden City, Kansas |
Businessman and media personality Owner of the Greater Wynnewood Exotic Animal Park (1998–2018) Independent candidate for president in 2016 Candidate for Governor of Oklahoma in 2018 |
Texas | March 10, 2023 | April 11, 2023 (running for the Democratic nomination)[34] |
FEC filing[35] |
[36] |
Other candidates
The following candidates have achieved at least one of the following: appeared on a primary ballot, received votes in a LP-sanctioned contest that did not require ballot access, were invited to a party-sanctioned debate or forum, or were included on the Libertarian National Committee's list of candidates.
LNC delegates are not bound to votes in primary elections, so while voters are able choose a candidate, it has no direct effect on the nominee selection at the party's nominating Convention.[37]
- On the ballot/received votes in multiple states
- Joshua "Toad" Anderson (NC, PA)[18]
- On the ballot/received votes in one state
- David "TrimeTaveler" Dunlap (NC) from Florida[18][38]
- Beau Lindsey (NC), "anonymous candidate" from Tennessee[18][39][40]
- Robert Sansone (IA), Air Force veteran and government contractor from Colorado[41]
- Mario Perales (IA), alien hunter from Iowa[42][43][44]
- David Reed DeSilva III of Arizona (MN)[45]
- On the ballot/received votes in no states
Declined to be candidates
The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy but have publicly denied interest in running.
- Justin Amash, former United States Representative from MI-03 (2011–2021), member of the Michigan House of Representatives from the 72nd district (2009–2011) (running for U.S. Senate as a Republican)[23][50]
- Robert F. Kennedy Jr., environmental lawyer and founder of Children's Health Defense (previously ran for the Democratic nomination; currently running as an independent)[51][52]
- Vivek Ramaswamy, executive chairman of Strive Asset Management (2022–2023) and CEO of Roivant Sciences (2014–2021) (ran as a Republican; endorsed Trump)[53][54]
- Dave Smith, stand-up comedian, libertarian political commentator, and podcaster[55][56] (endorsed Rectenwald)[57]
- Vermin Supreme, performance artist, activist, political satirist, perennial candidate, and candidate for the 2020 Libertarian presidential nomination (ran for the Democratic and Legal Marijuana Now nominations) [58][59]
- State officials
- Andrew Napolitano, former Judge of the New Jersey Superior Court (1987–1995)[57]
- Notable individuals
- Per Bylund, author and professor at the University of Oklahoma[57]
- Jeff Deist, former president of the Mises Institute and economist[57]
- Gene Epstein, economist[57]
- Jessica Fenske, candidate for Arvada, Colorado City Council in 2023[57]
- Keith Knight, Writer for The Libertarian Institute[57]
- Dave Smith, stand-up comedian, podcaster, and libertarian political commentator[57]
- Maj Toure, libertarian political activist and rapper[57] (Independent)
Active campaign | Withdrawn candidate | ||
Midterm elections | Libertarian National Convention |
Debates
The following table lists debates which are sponsored by an affiliate of the Libertarian Party.
Candidate | Debates |
---|---|
ter Maat | 20 |
Oliver | 19 |
Hornberger | 18 |
Mapstead | 17 |
Rectenwald | 14 |
Smith | 9 |
Ballay | 8 |
Olivier | 4 |
Collins Jr. | 2 |
Anderson | 1 |
Forums
Date | Place | Host | Participants | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P Participant. A Absent. O Out of race (exploring, suspended, or not yet entered) | Ballay | Collins Jr. | Hornberger | Mapstead | Oliver | Olivier | Rectenwald | Smith | Maat | Others | ||
February 15, 2023[94] | Online | Larry Sharpe | O | O | O | P | P[lower-alpha 41] | O | O | O | P | P[lower-alpha 42] |
March 26, 2023[95] | Unknown, Washington | Libertarian Party of Washington | O | O | A | A | P[lower-alpha 43] | O | O | O | P | A |
April 26, 2023[46] | Online | Larry Sharpe | O | O | A[lower-alpha 44] | P | P | O | O | O | P | P[lower-alpha 45] |
June 24, 2023[97] | Lancaster, New Hampshire | PorcFest | O | O | A | P | A | O | O | O | P | A |
October 21, 2023[98] | Jacksonville, Florida | Libertarian Party of Duval County | A | A | A | P | P | O | P | P | P | A |
December 10, 2023[99] | Unknown, New Jersey | Libertarian Party of New Jersey | A | A | P | A | A | O | P | A | P | A |
State polling
Poll source | Sample size | Date(s) | Hornberger | Mapstead | Oliver | Rectenwald | ter Maat | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iowa State Fair Presidential Straw Poll[100] | 143 | August 21, 2023 | 4% | 2% | 19% | 3% | 74%[lower-alpha 46] | |
Suffolk University Massachusetts Poll[101] | 10 | February 2, 2024 - February 5, 2024 | 10% | 0% | 10% | 0% | 0% | 70%[lower-alpha 47] |
This article needs to be updated. (April 2024) |
According to campaign finance laws, an individual must begin filing reports once they raise or spend more than $5,000. This fundraising table includes money raised and spent as of June 30, 2023. As Smith had not officially announced his campaign as of that date, he has not reported any fundraising. Fundraising reports for the third quarter must be filed by October 15, 2023.[102]
Candidate | Total raised | Total raised since last quarter |
Individual contributions | Debt | Spent | Spent since last quarter |
COH | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Unitemized | Pct | |||||||
Hornberger[103] | $30,386 | $12,870 | $30,361 | $1,611 | 5.3% | $0 | $13,338 | $3,807 | $17,048 |
Mapstead[104] | $158,414 | $151,193 | $2,300 | $1,800 | 78.3% | $150,000 | $94,497 | $56,871 | $101,543 |
Oliver[105] | $24,164 | $5,432 | 22.5% | $0 | $24,058 | $106 | |||
Smith, Joshua | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | 0.0% | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
ter Maat[106] | $126,805 | $6,961 | $1,937 | 27.8% | $0 | $96,820 | $29,985 | ||
Exotic[107][lower-alpha 48] | $10,294 | 100.0% | $0 | $8,530 | $1,764 |
Date | Primaries/caucuses | Ref |
---|---|---|
January 13 | Arizona convention | [3] |
January 15 | Iowa caucus | [108] |
February 3 | Alabama convention | [68] |
February 24 | Mississippi convention | [6] |
February 27 | Minnesota caucus | [109] |
March 2 | Indiana convention | [110] |
Pennsylvania convention | [111] | |
March 5 | California primary | [112] |
Oklahoma primary | [113] | |
Massachusetts primary | [114] | |
North Carolina primary | [115] | |
April 2 | Connecticut primary | [15] |
May 14 | Nebraska primary | [116] |
May 24–26 | Convention | |
June 4 | New Mexico primary | [117] |
Ballot access
The following is a table for which candidates have received ballot access in which states. indicates that the candidate was on the ballot for the primary contest, indicates that the candidate was a recognized write-in candidate, and indicates that the candidate did not appear on the ballot in that state's contest. indicates that a candidate withdrew before the election but was still listed on the ballot. If a state does not appear in the table, the filing deadline in the state has not passed.
State | Date | Ballay | Collins Jr. | Hornberger | Mapstead | Oliver | Olivier | Rectenwald | Smith | ter Maat | Other | NOTA | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AZ | Jan 13 | [118] | |||||||||||
IA | Jan 15 | Ballot access not required | |||||||||||
AL | Feb 3 | [68] | |||||||||||
MS | Feb 24 | [6] | |||||||||||
MN | Feb 27 | All FEC filed candidates qualified | [109] | ||||||||||
IN | Mar 2 | [119] | |||||||||||
PA | [lower-alpha 49] | [111] | |||||||||||
MA | Mar 5 | [120] | |||||||||||
NC | [lower-alpha 50] | [121] | |||||||||||
CA | [122][123] | ||||||||||||
OK | [124] | ||||||||||||
CT | April 2 | [15][better source needed] | |||||||||||
NE | May 14 | [125] | |||||||||||
NM | Jun 4 | [126] |
- 4 votes for Vivek Ramaswamy (Not a candidate), 2 votes for Robert Sansone, 2 votes for Mario Perales, 1 vote for Art Olivier
- As a write-in candidate[12]
- 5.6%; 2,161 votes for Scattered write-ins
1.2%; 464 votes for David "Trime Taveler" Dunlap
0.8%; 320 votes for Beau Lindsey
0.4%; 164 votes for John "Toad" Anderson
nil%; 5 votes for Art Olivier
nil%; 5 votes for Joseph Collins Jr.
nil%; 4 votes for Vivek Ramaswamy (ran as a Republican)
nil%; 2 votes for Robert Sansone
nil%; 2 votes for Mario Perales
nil%; 1 vote for David Reed DeSilva III
nil%; 1 vote for Dave Smith (not a candidate)
nil%; 1 vote for Rowan Atkinson (not a candidate) - To qualify candidates needed to have raised $10,000 and to have campaigned in ten states[62]
- Only candidates on the ballot in Oklahoma were invited.[70]
- Invited but did not attend[96]
- "2024 Libertarian National Convention" Archived February 24, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, LP.org.
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- "Lars Mapstead". Well Found. Retrieved March 7, 2024.
- "Lars Mapstead for President – committee overview". FEC.gov. Archived from the original on September 9, 2021. Retrieved March 21, 2023.
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Dave Smith, a comedian and leader in the Mises faction's LP takeover [...] considered a run for the nomination but opted against it.
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