3-Hydroxyphenazepam

3-Hydroxyphenazepam

3-Hydroxyphenazepam

Benzodiazepine medication

3-Hydroxyphenazepam is a benzodiazepine with hypnotic, sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant properties.[1] It is an active metabolite of phenazepam,[1][2] as well as the active metabolite of the benzodiazepine prodrug cinazepam.[3] Relative to phenazepam, 3-hydroxyphenazepam has diminished myorelaxant properties, but is about equivalent in most other regards.[1] Like other benzodiazepines, 3-hydroxyphenazepam behaves as a positive allosteric modulator of the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor with an EC50 value of 10.3 nM.[4][5][6] It has been sold online as a designer drug.[7][8][9][10]

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See also

References

  1. [1]
    Valdman AV, ed. (31 May 1986). Drug dependence and emotional behavior: neurophysiological and neurochemical approaches. Consultants Bureau. ISBN 978-0-306-10984-3.
  2. [2]
    Komsta L, Waksmundzka-Hajnos M, Sherma J, eds. (20 December 2013). Thin Layer Chromatography in Drug Analysis. CRC Press. pp. 299–. ISBN 978-1-4665-0715-9.
  3. [3]
    Schukin SI, Zinkovsky VG, Zhuk OV (2011). "Elimination kinetics of the novel prodrug cinazepam possessing psychotropic activity in mice". Pharmacological Reports. 63 (5): 1093–1100. doi:10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70628-4. PMID 22180351. S2CID 4744087.
  4. [4]
    "Phenazepam Pre-Review Report" (PDF). World Health Organization (WHO). November 2015.
  5. [5]
    Kopanitsa MV, Zbarska SM, Boychuk YA, Krishtal OA (2000). "Modulation of GABA-activated currents by phenazepam and its metabolites in isolated rat purkinje neurons". Neurophysiology. 32 (3): 192. doi:10.1007/BF02506568. ISSN 0090-2977. S2CID 32313668.
  6. [6]
    Golovenko NY, Larionov VB (2014). "Pharmacodynamical and Neuroreceptor Analysis of the Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier for Derivatives of 1,4-Benzodiazepine". Neurophysiology. 46 (3): 199–205. doi:10.1007/s11062-014-9429-2. ISSN 0090-2977. S2CID 33732669.
  7. [7]
    "3-hydroxyphenazepam". New Synthetic Drugs Database. Archived from the original on 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
  8. [8]
    Pettersson Bergstrand M, Helander A, Hansson T, Beck O (April 2017). "Detectability of designer benzodiazepines in CEDIA, EMIT II Plus, HEIA, and KIMS II immunochemical screening assays". Drug Testing and Analysis. 9 (4): 640–645. doi:10.1002/dta.2003. PMID 27366870.
  9. [9]
    Moosmann B, Bisel P, Franz F, Huppertz LM, Auwärter V (November 2016). "Characterization and in vitro phase I microsomal metabolism of designer benzodiazepines - an update comprising adinazolam, cloniprazepam, fonazepam, 3-hydroxyphenazepam, metizolam and nitrazolam". Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 51 (11): 1080–1089. Bibcode:2016JMSp...51.1080M. doi:10.1002/jms.3840. PMID 27535017.
  10. [10]
    Manchester KR, Maskell PD, Waters L (March 2018). "Experimental versus theoretical log D7.4 , pKa and plasma protein binding values for benzodiazepines appearing as new psychoactive substances". Drug Testing and Analysis. 10 (8): 1258–1269. doi:10.1002/dta.2387. PMID 29582576. S2CID 31098917.
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