The 31st Canadian Parliament was a briefly lived parliament in session from October 9 until December 14, 1979. The membership was set by the 1979 federal election on May 22, 1979, and it was dissolved after the minority government of Joe Clark failed to pass a Motion of Confidence on December 13, 1979. The dissolution of parliament led to the 1980 federal election. Lasting only 66 days from first sitting to dissolution, and only nine months from election to election, the 31st was the shortest parliament in Canadian history.

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31st Parliament of Canada
Minority parliament
9 October 1979 – 14 December 1979
Parliament leaders
Prime Minister	Rt. Hon. Joe Clark June 4, 1979 (1979-06-04) – March 3, 1980 (1980-03-03)
Cabinet	21st Canadian Ministry
Leader of the Opposition	Rt. Hon. Pierre Trudeau June 4, 1979 (1979-06-04) – March 2, 1980 (1980-03-02)
Party caucuses
Government	Progressive Conservative Party
Opposition	Liberal Party
Recognized	New Democratic Party
Unrecognized	Social Credit Party
House of Commons
Seating arrangements of the House of Commons
Speaker of the Commons	Hon. James Jerome September 30, 1974 (1974-09-30) – February 17, 1980 (1980-02-17)
Government House Leader	Hon. Walter Baker October 9, 1979 (1979-10-09) – December 14, 1979 (1979-12-14)
Opposition House Leader	Hon. Allan MacEachen October 9, 1979 (1979-10-09) – December 14, 1979 (1979-12-14)
Members	282 MP seats List of members
Senate
Seating arrangements of the Senate
Speaker of the Senate	Hon. Allister Grosart October 5, 1979 (1979-10-05) – March 3, 1980 (1980-03-03)
Government Senate Leader	Hon. Jacques Flynn June 4, 1979 (1979-06-04) – March 2, 1980 (1980-03-02)
Opposition Senate Leader	Hon. Ray Perrault May 22, 1979 (1979-05-22)–December 31, 1979 (1979-12-31)
Senators	104 senator seats List of senators
Sovereign
Monarch	Elizabeth II 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022
Sessions
1st session October 9, 1979 (1979-10-09) – December 14, 1979 (1979-12-14)
← 30th → 32nd

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The 31st Parliament was controlled by a Progressive Conservative Party minority led by Prime Minister Joe Clark and the 21st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by former prime minister Pierre Trudeau.

The Speaker was James Jerome. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1976-1987 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There was only one session of the 31st Parliament:

The party standings as of the election and as of dissolution were as follows:

Members of the House of Commons in the 31st parliament arranged by province.