Year 706 (DCCVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 706th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 706th year of the 1st millennium, the 6th year of the 8th century, and the 7th year of the 700s decade. The denomination 706 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

• Al-Walid II, Muslim caliph (d. 744)
• Eoppa, king of Wessex (d. 781)
• Fujiwara no Nakamaro, Japanese statesman (d. 764)
• Han Gan, Chinese painter (d. 783)
• Theudoald, nephew of the Frankish ruler Charles Martel (d. 741)

• February 15 – Leontios, Byzantine emperor
• February 15 – Tiberios III, Byzantine emperor
• Gisulf I, duke of Benevento
• Kallinikos I, patriarch of Constantinople (or 705)
• Shenxiu, Chinese Zen Buddhist patriarch
• Zhang Jianzhi, official of the Tang dynasty (b. 625)