81-740/741 (Rusich, Russian: Русич), is a type of rolling stock specially designed for running under the harsh winter climate of outdoor Moscow. Rusich also features a corridor connection, allowing passenger access between the two sections of the cars. It was first designed for use on proposed light metro lines such as the Butovskaya line in Moscow (which ended up being the only light metro line built), being similar in nature to some high floor two-segment articulated trams like the rolling stock of the Los Angeles Metro Rail, the Tyne and Wear Metro, and Docklands Light Railway rolling stock in London.

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Quick Facts In service, Manufacturer ...

81-740/741
81-740.1/741.1 train
In service	2003-present
Manufacturer	Metrovagonmash (Russia)
Built at	Metrovagonmash (Russia)
Family name	81-
Constructed	2002-2013 (all modifications)
Entered service	2003
Capacity	344/370 passengers (353/382 for .4(K) and .2B)
Operators	Moskovsky Metropoliten Sofia Metro Kazan Metro
Depots	Moscow Metro: MPD-1 Severnoye MPD-3 Izmaylovo MPD-4 Krasnaya Presnya MPD-8 Varshavskoye MPD-16 Mitino Kazan Metro: Ametyevo Sofia Metro: Obelya Depot
Lines served	Moscow Metro:  Sokolnicheskaya line  Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line  Butovskaya line Sofia Metro: 1 2 4 Kazan Metro: All lines
Specifications
Car length	28.15 m (92 ft 4+1⁄4 in)/27.2 m (89 ft 2+7⁄8 in)
Width	2.7 m (8 ft 10+1⁄4 in)
Height	3.57 m (11 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Articulated sections	Two sections per car
Maximum speed	90 km/h (56 mph)
Weight	47 t (46 long tons; 52 short tons)/46 t (45 long tons; 51 short tons)
Traction system	IGBT-VVVF inverter Metrovagonmash CATP-1 (Moscow Metro, Kazan Metro) Hitachi VFI-HD2420D (Sofia Metro)
Traction motors	AC asynchronous motor 4EFA 1832B (81-740/741) DATE-170-4U2 (81-740.1/741.1) TAD 280M4 U2 (81-740A/741A, 81-740.1/741.1, 81-740.4/741.4) HS35531-01RB (81-740.2/741.2)
Power output	640 kW (860 hp) or 680 kW (910 hp)
Acceleration	1.3 m/s2 (2.9 mph/s)
Deceleration	1.1 m/s2 (2.5 mph/s)
Electric system(s)	825 V DC
Bogies	3 two-axle bogies (2 motorized bogies)
Braking system(s)	Dynamic brakes (rheostatic and regenerative), electro-pneumatic
Coupling system	Scharfenberg coupler
Multiple working	Min 2x 81-740 car, max 81-740 + 3x 81-741 + 81-740 cars. Train + train configuration is not used in regular service.
Track gauge	1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) Russian gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge

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They are currently assigned to the metro lines including Sokolnicheskaya, Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya, and Butovskaya lines of Moscow Metro, Kazan Metro and lines M1, M2 and M4 of the Sofia Metro in Bulgaria.

Four main types of Rusich rolling stock were manufactured. 81-740/741, 81-740.1/741.1; 81-740.4/741.4 which are used on the Moscow Metro and in Kazan Metro on the wide Russian gauge, the later having an extra door in the cabless segments. 81-740.2/741.2, 81-740.2B/741.2B is technically adapted and designed for Sofia Metro which uses standard gauge. Besides the 81-717/714 and its derivatives/modifications, it is the only train made by Metrowagonmash to be used outside the former USSR, in the European Union, and to get a modification for a different track gauge.

Its automatic train operation and universal control panel were designed by Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Design (NIIP).

• Official page of 81-740/741 Rusich, Metrowagonmash (English version)
• (in Russian) Unofficial site dedicated to Soviet metro wagon

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