9th_European_Parliament

Ninth European Parliament

Ninth European Parliament

Incumbent session of the European Parliament from 2019 to 2024

The ninth European Parliament was elected during the 2019 elections and is slated to remain in session until the forthcoming 2024 elections.

Quick Facts 9th European Parliament, President (1st Half) ...

Major events

The 9th European Parliament's constitutive session, Strasbourg (2 July 2019)

Leadership

Further information: Vice-President of the European Parliament and President of the European Parliament

The President of the European Union is chosen through the votes of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) and serves a term lasting 2.5 years, with the option for re-election. The responsibilities of the president encompass a diverse array of functions, including presiding over debates and representing the European Parliament in its interactions with other institutions within the European Union.[12]
Fourteen Vice Presidents are elected through a single ballot process, requiring an absolute majority of cast votes for their selection. In situations where the number of successful candidates falls below 14, a second round of voting is conducted to allocate the remaining positions following identical conditions. Should a third round of voting become necessary, a simple majority suffices to occupy the remaining seats. The precedence of Vice Presidents is established by the order in which they are elected, and in cases of a tie, seniority is determined by age. During each round of voting, MEPs have the capacity to cast votes for as many candidates as there are available seats for that particular round. However, they are obligated to vote for more than half of the total positions to be filled.[13]

First Half

President: David Sassoli
Vice Presidents:

Second Half

President: Roberta Metsola
Vice Presidents

Elections of the Quaestors

4 July 2019 election

The five Quaestors were chosen by acclamation.

More information Candidate, Group ...

20 January 2022 election

Four Quaestors were elected on the first round of voting, with the fifth being elected on the second round of voting.

More information Candidate, Group ...

Political groups

Further information: Political groups of the European Parliament

There are currently 7 political groups in the parliament, one less than the previous parliament. Each MEP can belong to only one group. Political groups can be founded by at least 25 MEPs which come from at least one quarter of all EU member states (currently seven).[3] Roberta Metsola currently belongs to the European People's Party

Political groups and parties

The 705 seats after the UK left by their representation
The 751 seats before the UK left by their representation

There are currently 7 political groups in the parliament, one less than the previous parliament. Each MEP can belong to only one group. Political groups can be founded by at least 25 MEPs which come from at least one quarter of all EU member states (currently seven).[3]

Current situation

More information Political group and affiliated European political parties, MEPs ...

Members

  • Political groups by member states
  • Group of the European People's Party
  • Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament
  • Renew Europe
  • Group of the Greens/European Free Alliance
  • Identity and Democracy
  • European Conservatives and Reformists
  • Confederal Group of the European United Left - Nordic Green Left

List of members

Main article: List of members of the European Parliament, 2019–2024

MEPs that previously served as President or Prime Minister:

MEPs that previously served as European Commissioner:

MEPs that previously served as presiding officer of a national parliament:

MEPs that previously served as President of the European Parliament:

MEPs that previously served as foreign minister:

Seat allocations

When the United Kingdom left the EU, 27 seats were reallocated to the other member states and the other 46 seats were abolished, for a total of 705 MEPs.[26]

More information Member state, Seats Pre Brexit (2019-2020) ...

Post-Brexit political groups membership changes

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Former members

More information Group, Name ...

Elected MEPs that did not take the seat

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Working bodies

Standing committees

MEPs are divided up among 20 standing committees. Each MEP is usually member of one committee and a substitute member of another. Committees discuss legislative proposals from the Commission before the European Parliament decides on them in plenary session. The European Parliament has an equal role to the Council of the EU in the ordinary legislative procedure, which is usually used in decision-making process at the EU level.[33]

Each committee elects its chair and vice chairs to lead the work of the committee. Committee chairs are members of the Conference of Committee Chairs, which coordinates the work of all the committees.[33]

More information Committee, Members ...

Other bodies

More information Body, Members ...

Composition of the executive

Executive
President of the European Council President of the European Commission High Representative
Charles Michel (ALDE)
of Belgium Belgium
from 1 December 2019		 Ursula von der Leyen (EPP)
of Germany Germany
from 1 December 2019		 Josep Borrell (PES)
of Spain Spain
from 1 December 2019
Parliament term:
2 July 2019 - TBA
European Council
President Poland Donald Tusk (EPP), until 31 November 2019
President Belgium Charles Michel (ALDE), from 1 December 2019
European Commission
Juncker Commission, until 30 November 2019
President Luxembourg Jean-Claude Juncker (EPP), until 30 November 2019
High Representative Italy Federica Mogherini (PES), until 30 November 2019
Von der Leyen Commission, taking office on 1 December 2019
President Germany Ursula von der Leyen (EPP), from 1 December 2019
High Representative Spain Josep Borrell (PES), from 1 December 2019

Appointment of the new executive

On 2 July 2019 European Council finished a three-day-long summit with a decision to propose the following for approval by the Parliament:[39]

European Parliament confirmed Ursula von Der Leyen as President of the European Commission on 16 July 2019.

On the same summit Charles Michel (ALDE), incumbent Prime Minister of Belgium was elected a new President of the European Council and President of Euro Summit for a 2.5 years term.

President of the Commission Confirmation

Secret paper ballot took place on 16 July 2019.

More information Candidate, Votes cast ...

Von der Leyen Commission Confirmation

Following the election of the new President of the Commission, President-elect called upon member states to propose candidates for European Commissioners. The President-elect, in agreement with the European Council, assigned to each proposed candidate a portfolio, and the Council sent the list of candidates to the European Parliament. Candidates were then questioned about their knowledge of the assigned portfolio and confirmed by European Parliament Committees. When all of the candidates were confirmed by the respective committee, European Parliament took a vote of confirmation of the new European Commission in the plenary session. European Commission was then officially appointed by the European Council using qualified majority.[40] Commissioners took the oath of office before the Court of Justice of the EU before officially taking office.

More information Coalition, Commission ...
Commissioners-designate Confirmations

The responsible committee held a 3-hour hearing of the Commissioner-designate to examine the candidate's competence and suitability. Committee decided if candidate is suitable to become a European Commissioner and if their knowledge of the portfolio is sufficient. After each hearing, the committee voted on the candidate. Decisions of the committee were first taken by the coordinators of the EP political groups, at this point each candidate needed support of 2/3 of coordinators, if support was reached, the candidate was confirmed. If such support was not reached, then committee as a whole took a vote on a Commissioner-designate, where a candidate needed the support of the majority of committee members. If candidate was rejected by the committee as well, President-elect could propose a new candidate, in which case a new hearing would take place for a new candidate. Coordinators could also decide to hold additional hearing of 1.5 hours or demand additional written answers. If there were more committees hearing one candidate, all committees would give a joint evaluation.[citation needed]

The first round of hearings took place from 30 September until 8 October 2019, followed by the evaluation by the BCPR (Conference of Presidents) on 15 October 2019. If any of the candidates would be rejected by the responsible committee, new hearings would take place on 14 and 15 October 2019, followed by BCPR evaluation on 16 October 2019. BCPR closed hearings process on 17 October 2019.[8] Before the hearings begin, Committee on Legal Affairs, on 19 September 2019, examined if there was a possibility of a conflict of interests for any of the candidates for commissioners.[citation needed]

The United Kingdom, which had been expected to leave the EU on 31 October 2019, did not nominate a candidate for commissioner.[42]

It was reported by Euractiv on 26 September 2019 that commissioners-designate László Trócsányi of Hungary (Neighbourhood and Enlargement) and Rovana Plumb of Romania (Transport) will be questioned by the European Parliament Legal Affairs Committee about their declarations of interests due to potential conflict of interests and "discrepancies in property statements". Other commissioners-designate were approved by the Committee, including Didier Reynders of Belgium (Justice) and Sylvie Goulard of France (Internal Market) who are under investigation by respective national authorities due to corruption allegations or misuse of EU money, according to one of the MEPs because the Committee does not have the authority to question candidates beyond facts stated in the declarations od interests. Euractiv also reports that Janusz Wojciechowski of Poland (Agriculture) might as well be questioned by the Committee.[43] Euractiv reported later that day that Rovana Plumb of Romania was rejected as a European Commissioner-designate by 10 votes to 6 (with 2 abstentions). Hungarian Commissioner-designate László Trócsányi was rejected on 26 September as well by 11 votes to 9 due to his personal finances in connection with his law firm, he founded before becoming Minister of Justice and due to concerns about "connections to Russia" in relation to extradition of Russian suspects to Russia.[44] It is up to the President-elect Ursula von der Leyen to take further decisions on candidates, while JURI approval is a necessary precondition for hearings to take place. This was the first time that candidates have been rejected by the JURI Committee.[citation needed]

Following the JURI Committee decision to reject László Trócsányi, he published a statement on his Twitter account later that day, stating that he will take all legal steps against the decision.[45] This could have an impact on the process of formation of the new European Commission which is due to take office on 1 November 2019.[citation needed]

The Legal Affairs Committee was asked to decide on both rejected candidates again and on 30 September 2019 JURI again rejected both of the candidates, Plumb with 13 votes to 7 and Trócsányi with 12 votes to 9.[46] Following the vote, President-elect Von der Leyen asked the national governments of Romania and Hungary to propose new candidates. Hungary already proposed a new candidate Olivér Várhelyi, its Permanent Representative to the EU.[47]

According to several media reports hearings before the European Parliament committees could be tough for:[48][49]

  • Janusz Wojciechowski - European Commissioner-designate for Agriculture (due to ongoing investigation by OLAF regarding irregularities in the reimbursement of travel expenses when he was MEP; it was reported on 27 September by Politico that OLAF dropped investigation because Wojciechowski already paid the money back to the European Parliament)[50][51]
  • Didier Reynders - European Commissioner-designate for Justice (due to investigation by the national authorities regarding corruption and money laundering in the Democratic Republic of Congo; it was reported by Politico on 27 September 2019 that Belgian prosecutor dropped the investigation against Reynders and found no wrongdoing)[52][53]
  • Sylvie Goulard - European Commissioner-designate for Internal Market (due to alleged misuse of EU funds)[54]
  • Paolo Gentiloni - European Commissioner-designate for Economy (due to his role in Italian economy as Prime Minister)[49]
  • Dubravka Šuica - Vice-President-designate for Democracy and Demography (due to personal finances and possession of many real estate worth more than 5 million euros in light of her work as teacher, mayor and MP, and due to her views on women's rights, especially freedom of birth and due to her past votings as MEP where she objected abortion)[55]
Schedule of the hearings
More information Date, 9:00-12:00 ...

Coordinators of political groups in the responsible committees decided that additional written answers will be requested by and potentially additional hearing of 1.5 hours should be held for:

  • Poland Janusz Wojciechowski of Poland, European Commissioner-designate for Agriculture (additional hearing on 8 October 2019)[60]
  • France Sylvie Goulard of France, European Commissioner-designate for Internal Market (additional hearing on 10 October 2019)[61]
  • Sweden Ylva Johansson of Sweden, European Commissioner-designate for Home Affairs
Hearings
More information Candidate, Official nomination ...
Rejected candidates
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Council presidency

Presidency of the
Council of the EU
Spain
1 June 2023 - 31 December 2023

The Council of the European Union (Council) is one of three EU institutions involved in the EU lawmaking process. It is the de facto upper house of the EU legislature, the European Parliament being the lower house, with an equal role in the ordinary legislative procedure. The Council consists of ministerial representatives from member states' national governments. Votes are decided by qualified majority (55% of member states and 65% of EU population).

Every six months, a new EU member state takes over the presidency of the Council. As presiding country, it organises Council meetings (with the help of Secretariat General) and decides on their agendas. These agendas are prepared in cooperation with other two member states that are part of each trio, which form common policy agendas over their 18-month period.

More information Presidency of the Council of the European Union, Parliament ...

Appointments

European Parliament has role in the appointment of:[96]

More information Position, Candidate ...

Statistics

European Parliament statistics

There are 266 women MEPs, 37.7% of the whole Parliament. Kira Peter-Hansen of Denmark is the youngest MEP at 21, while Silvio Berlusconi (former Prime Minister of Italy), is the oldest at the age of 82. The average age of all MEPs is 50.[100]

387 of current MEPs is newly elected and weren't members of European Parliament before. 295 MEPs were also members of the previous Parliament. 16 of current MEPs held position before, but not between 2014 and 2019.[100]

More information Women MEPs, New MEPs ...

Statistics by member states

Most bureau positions is held by Germany, while on the other side Slovenia is the only member state that has no bureau positions. With 5, Germany has most Committee Chairmen, followed by France with 4.

Finland (with 7 women out of 13 MEPs) and Sweden (with 11 out of 20) are the only member states with more women MEPS than men. Austria, Latvia, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Slovenia have a gender parity. Cyprus is the only member state without any women.

Slovakia has the highest percent of newly elected MEPs at 85%, while Malta only has 33% of newly elected MEPs.[100]

With 60 years of age Lithuania has the oldest national delegation, while Malta has the youngest at 44. Sweden has the youngest "oldest" MEP at the age of 58 and Lithuania has the oldest "youngest" MEP at the age of 54.[100]

More information Member state, Positions ...

Delegations

Delegations are established to maintain and develop relations with entities the European Parliament has an interest to cooperate with. Among these are countries that EU has close (especially trade) relations or countries applying expected to join the EU. The EP also cooperates with the parliamentary bodies of other international organisations, such as NATO.[101] Delegations have full and substitute members, and elects its own chair.[101] They can be divided in two groups, standing delegations and ad hoc delegations.[101]

Delegations to parliamentary assemblies

More information Delegation, Chair ...

Joint Parliamentary Committees (JPCs)

JPCs are created with bilateral agreement between the EU and the third country.[103]

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Parliamentary Cooperations Committees (PCCs)

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Bilateral and multilateral relations delegations

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Secretariat

See also: Secretariat of the European Parliament

The composition of the rest of Secretariat is appointed by the Parliament Bureau, headed by the Secretary General.

  • Secretary General: Germany Klaus Welle
  • Deputy Secretary General: Germany Markus Winkler
  • The Cabinet of the Secretary General
    • Director: Germany Susanne Altenberg
  • Legal Service
    • Head: France Freddy Drexler
  • Directorates General.

Other services that assist the Secretariat:

  • Secretariat of the Bureau and Quaestors
  • Secretariat of the Conference of Presidents
  • Directorate for Relations with Political Groups
  • Internal Audit Unit
  • Eco-Management and Audit Scheme Unit (EMAS)
  • Management Team Support Office
  • Business Continuity Management Unit
  • Data Protection Service

Directorates General

More information Directorate General, Director General ...

2019 elections results

The 2019 European Parliament election took place from 23 to 26 May 2019.

More information Group (2019–24), Seats 2019 ...
Notes on changes in groups

Results by country

More information State, Political groups ...

Notes

  1. [a 1]
    The Treaty of Rome and the Treaty of Maastricht as amended by the Treaty of Lisbon and all preceding amending treaties.

    References

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