AMD-65 (Hungarian: Automata Módosított Deszantfegyver 1965; Automatic Modified Paratrooper Weapon 1965) is a Hungarian-manufactured licensed variant of the venerable selective fire AKM rifle for use by that nation's armored infantry and paratrooper ("descent") units within the Hungarian Defence Forces. The rifle's design is suited for outdoor use as an infantry rifle but can also be used from within the confines of an armored vehicle as a fire support weapon. This is possible due to the side-folding stock of shaft design that makes it more compact. The 12.6-inch barrel is also relatively short for the 7.62×39mm cartridge. The operating mechanism does not require a gas expansion chamber at the muzzle, as in the AKS-74U to ensure reliable functioning, but does use a specially designed muzzle brake.

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AMD-65
Type	Assault Rifle
Place of origin	Hungary
Service history
In service	1967–present
Used by	See Users
Wars	Vietnam War[1] Rhodesian Bush War Angolan Civil War South African Border War Somali Civil War War in Afghanistan Iraq War Lebanese Civil War Croatian War Second Sudanese Civil War[2] Russo-Georgian War[3] Militias-Comando Vermelho conflict[4] Libyan Civil War Syrian Civil War
Production history
Designed	1965
Manufacturer	Fegyver- és Gépgyár[5]
Produced	1965–1980
Specifications
Mass	3.2 kg (7.1 lbs) empty 3.8 kg (8. lb)
Length	847 mm (34.4 in) stock extended/ 648 mm (27 in) stock folded
Barrel length	317 mm (12.5 in)
Cartridge	7.62×39mm
Caliber	7.62mm
Action	Gas-operated
Rate of fire	650 rounds/min
Muzzle velocity	731 m/s (2,398 ft/s)
Feed system	20-round detachable box magazine 30-round detachable box magazine Also compatible with 40-round box magazines and 75-round drum magazines from the RPK
Sights	Iron sights

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The AMD-65, along with the earlier AKM-63, have been largely replaced in Hungarian military service by the AK-63, a more traditional AKM copy with a lower manufacturing cost.

Compared to the birch plywood laminates that are used on the AKM's buttstock, lower and upper handguard, no wood is used in the manufacture of the AMD-65. The front handguard area is made of perforated sheet metal and typically has a gray plastic vertical foregrip attached to assist in controlling fully automatic fire from this short weapon. In addition, the vertical foregrip has been canted forward to lessen interference with magazine changes. The vertical foregrip is physically identical to the rear grip, with the former mounted backwards with respect to the rear. There are, however, wooden grips available which can serve in place of the common gray plastic version. While these wooden grips are also authentic, in the regular Hungarian army and air force, use of wooden grips is extremely rare.

In Hungarian service, the weapon is mainly used with magazines which can hold 30 rounds (standard magazine) but a special variant (popularly known in the past as "officer's magazine") is also available, which can only hold 20 rounds – an unusual feature in many other countries, who more often use the standard 30-round or 40-round magazines. The weapon is better suited to a 20-round magazine, as it can be locked into the receiver without interfering with the forward handgrip and it is easier to handle the weapon in tight quarters. The 30-round magazine does fit with some slight interference and it can be also fitted with the 40-round magazine.

In theory, the short barrel is stiffer and more inherently accurate, but the poor quality of commonly available ammunition negates this advantage.

Another Hungarian AKM variant was used as Hungary's standard service rifle before being replaced by the AK-63. It is a standard-length AKM variant, with a standard buttstock and full-length barrel. The front sight is in the standard location. However, the front and rear pistol grips and sheet metal handguard are similar to those of the AMD-65.

During the late 2000s, a modernization program started for the AK-63.

The modernisation included Picatinny rails, new handgrips, underbarrel grenade launcher, new sights, and flashlights.

• CAA CBS+ACP telescopic stock
• Brügger & Thomet BT-21428 gas block
• Side mount (unknown type)
• Heckler & Koch M320 Grenade Launcher Module
• Aimpoint CompM2 sight (B&T BT-21741 QD ring 30 mm ultrahigh heavy type)
• Aimpont 3×Mag sight (B&T BT-211115 Flip-side QD base mount, B&T BT-211113 Flip-side QD ring)
• Insight Technology AN/PEQ-2 Target Pointer/Illuminator/Aiming Light (TPIAL) laser sight
• CAA BP Grip with bipod
• CAA AG47 handgrip

•  Angola: Used by Cuban forces in Angola, stocks captured and reused by UNITA.
•  Afghanistan: Used by the Afghan National Police.^[6]
•  Georgia: 1186 rifles were delivered in 2008^[7][8]
•  Hungary^[9]
•  Lebanon: Used by several factions during the Lebanese Civil War, 1975-1990.
•  Libya^[10]
•  Morocco: Used by Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie.^[11]
•  Mozambique: Used by FRELIMO and RENAMO forces during the civil war, 1975-1991^{[citation needed]}
•  Panama: Used by National Border Service (SENAFRONT), National Aeronaval Service (SENAN) and Institutional Protection Service (SPI).
•  Slovenia^[12]
•  South Africa:Used by South African Special Forces of 5 Reconnaissance Commando during the South African Border War and Angolan Civil War. ^{[citation needed]}
•  Sudan^[2]
•  South Sudan: Sudan People's Liberation Army^[2]
•  Syria^[13]
•  Tanzania^[14]
•  United States: Used by American special forces such as the Army Green Berets in Vietnam and Afghanistan.^[9]
•  Vietnam: Used during Vietnam War.^[1][15]

• Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)^[16]

Many AMD-65s were exported to the United States and sold in kit form following the destruction of the receiver, which legally rendered the weapon to the status of a non-firearm. In order to be legally reassembled, the parts must be rebuilt on a US-made receiver which lacks the provisions for certain parts which would make it capable of automatic fire. In its original short-barreled form the completed weapon is regulated as a "short-barreled rifle" (SBR) under the National Firearms Act in the United States. The addition of a permanently attached barrel extension of the correct length will render the firearm legal for general use, subject to additional stipulations. These include a certain number of US-made parts in the finished rifle. This count is required in order to comply with U.S.C. 922 (r); a statute which regulates imported rifles with certain features that the BATFE defines as not being suitable for sporting purposes. Some individuals choose to build AMD-65s without a buttstock, thus legally classifying the resulting new firearm as a "pistol" and eliminating the need for a muzzle extension (as well as the parts for 922r compliance). However, this route requires the removal of the forward grip, unless the gun is registered under the NFA as an "AOW" (any other weapon) or has an overall length greater than 26 inches (660 mm).

In summary, the semi-automatic version of the AMD-65, when re-manufactured as detailed above, is now legal for civilian use in most states.

The AMD-65 has been exported to the West Bank and Gaza, as well as in Afghanistan. An increasing number of western security forces, including contract employees of the former private military company Blackwater Worldwide (now known as "Academi") who are serving in the latter two countries, use highly modified AMD-65s rather than conventional 5.56mm based carbines and rifles. As the combination of a larger caliber and shorter size provides better penetration during CQC/CQB siutations.

The metal front handguard lends itself well to a relatively easy refit with multiple picatinny rails/MIL-STD-1913 rails, allowing red-dot optics, tactical lights and other accessories to be easily attached then used. The wire buttstock rod can be reshaped to load 75-round RPK drum magazines with ease even with the stock folded, and the weapon's internal mechanism can be tuned with aftermarket recoil dampers for smoother behaviour in full-auto mode.

• U.S. Marine Corps Cpl. Cory J. Becker, of Golf Company, 2nd Battalion, 7th Marine Regiment, shows Afghan National Police recruits different firing positions using an AMD-65 assault rifle on Lashkar Gah, Afghanistan, June 3, 2008.
• Afghan National Police women qualify on the AMD-65 rifle during the tactical training program portion of the police basic training course at Kabul Military Training Center, April 13, 2010.
• A group of Afghan National Police (ANP) train on the shooting range with the AMD-65 at Camp Shouz in Herat Province of Afghanistan.
• An Afghan National Police officer training with shooting using an AMD-65, in July 2010.
• Select fire AMD-65
• Modernized Custom Built AMD-65

• AK-63
• AMP-69
• IMI Galil
• List of assault rifles