ASP.NET
ASP.NET
Open-source web application framework
ASP.NET is a server-side web-application framework designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It was developed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic web sites, applications and services. The name stands for Active Server Pages Network Enabled Technologies.
| Developer(s) | Microsoft |
|---|---|
| Initial release | January 5, 2002; 22 years ago (2002-01-05) |
| Stable release | |
| Repository | |
| Written in | .NET languages |
| Operating system | Microsoft Windows, Linux, macOS |
| Platform | .NET Framework |
| Type | Web framework |
| License | Proprietary software[2] |
| Website | dotnet |
| Filename extension | .aspx, .csdoc, .vbdoc |
|---|---|
| Internet media type |
text/doc |
| Developed by | Microsoft |
It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the .NET Framework and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language. The ASP.NET SOAP extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.
In 2016, Microsoft released ASP.NET Core as ASP.NET's successor. This new version is a re-implementation of ASP.NET as a modular web framework, together with other frameworks like Entity Framework. The new framework uses the new open-source .NET Compiler Platform (codename "Roslyn") and is cross platform. ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET Web Pages (a platform using only Razor pages) have merged into a unified MVC 6.[3]
ASP.NET supports a number of programming models for building web applications:[4]
- ASP.NET Web Forms – A framework for building modular pages out of components, with UI events being processed server-side. This framework is not included in the ASP.NET Core versions; it only works in the "classic" ASP.NET, on Windows.
- ASP.NET MVC – allows building web pages using the model–view–controller design pattern.
- ASP.NET Web Pages – A lightweight syntax for adding dynamic code and data access directly inside HTML markup.[5]
- ASP.NET Web API – A framework for building Web APIs on top of the .NET Framework.[6]
- ASP.NET WebHooks – Implements the Webhook pattern for subscribing to and publishing events via HTTP.
- SignalR – A real-time communications framework for bi-directional communication between client and server.
Other ASP.NET extensions include:
- ASP.NET Handler – Components that implement the
System.Web.IHttpHandlerinterface. Unlike ASP.NET Pages, they have no HTML-markup file, no events and other supporting. All they have is a code-file (written in any .NET-compatible language) that writes some data to the server HTTP response. HTTP handlers are similar to ISAPI extensions. - ASP.NET AJAX – An extension with both client-side as well as server-side components for writing ASP.NET pages that incorporate Ajax functionality.
- ASP.NET Dynamic Data – A scaffolding extension to build data driven web applications.
On IIS 6.0 and lower, pages written using different versions of the ASP framework cannot share session state without the use of third-party libraries. This does not apply to ASP.NET and ASP applications running side by side on IIS 7. With IIS 7.0, modules may be run in an integrated pipeline that allows modules written in any language to be executed for any request.[7]
It is not essential to use the standard Web forms development model when developing with ASP.NET. Noteworthy frameworks designed for the platform include:
- Base One Foundation Component Library (BFC) is RAD framework for building .NET database and distributed computing applications.
- DotNetNuke is an open-source solution that provides both a web application framework and a content management system that allows for advanced extensibility through modules, skins, and providers.
- Castle MonoRail, an open-source MVC framework with an execution model similar to Ruby on Rails. The framework is commonly used with Castle ActiveRecord, an ORM layer built on NHibernate.
ASP.NET's release history tightly correlates with the .NET Framework releases:
| Date | Version | Remarks | New ASP.NET related features |
|---|---|---|---|
| January 16, 2002 | Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0 | First version released together with Visual Studio .NET |
|
| April 24, 2003 | Old version, no longer maintained: 1.1 | released together with Windows Server 2003 released together with Visual Studio .NET 2003 |
|
| November 7, 2005 | Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0 |
codename Whidbey |
|
| November 21, 2006 | Old version, no longer maintained: 3.0 | Released with Windows Vista |
|
| November 19, 2007 | Old version, no longer maintained: 3.5 | Released with Visual Studio 2008 and Windows Server 2008 |
|
| August 11, 2008 | Old version, no longer maintained: 3.5 Service Pack 1 | Released with Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1 |
|
| April 12, 2010 | Old version, no longer maintained: 4.0 | Released with Visual Studio 2010
Parallel extensions and other .NET Framework 4 features |
The two new properties added in the Page class are MetaKeyword and MetaDescription. |
| August 15, 2012 | Old version, no longer maintained: 4.5 | Released with Visual Studio 2012 and Windows Server 2012 for Windows 8
Parallel extensions and other .NET Framework 4.5 features |
|
| October 17, 2013 | Old version, no longer maintained: 4.5.1 | Released with Visual Studio 2013[8] for Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1 | |
| May 5, 2014[9] | Older version, yet still maintained: 4.5.2 |
| |
| July 20, 2015[9] | Older version, yet still maintained: 4.6 | Released[10] with Visual Studio 2015[11] and EF 7 Previews for Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10 |
|
| November 30, 2015[9] | Older version, yet still maintained: 4.6.1 | ||
| August 2, 2016[9] | Older version, yet still maintained: 4.6.2 |
| |
| April 11, 2017[9] | Older version, yet still maintained: 4.7 | Included in the Windows 10 Creators Update[12] |
|
| October 17, 2017[9] | Older version, yet still maintained: 4.7.1 | Included in the Windows 10 Fall Creators Update.[13] |
|
| April 30, 2018[9] | Older version, yet still maintained: 4.7.2 | ||
| August 09, 2022[9] | Current stable version: 4.8.1 | Released[14] | |
| November 18, 2015 | Old version, no longer maintained: 5 RC1 | This version was later separated from ASP.NET and brought into a new project called ASP.NET Core, whose versioning started at 1.0.[15] | An entirely new project with different development tenets and goals |
Legend: Old version Older version, still maintained Latest version Latest preview version Future release | |||
The Mono Project supports "everything in .NET 4.7 except WPF, WWF, and with limited WCF and limited ASP.NET 4.7 async stack."[16] ASP.NET can be run with Mono using one of three options: Apache hosting using the mod_mono module, FastCGI hosting, and XSP.
- ELMAH (Error Logging Modules and Handlers), an ASP.NET debugging tool
Citations
- "Microsoft .NET Framework Redistributable EULA". MSDN. Microsoft. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
- "Introduction to ASP.NET 5 — ASP.NET 0.0.1 documentation". asp.net. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- "Choose between ASP.NET and ASP.NET Core". docs.microsoft.com.
- "ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) FAQ". docs.microsoft.com.
- "Get Started with ASP.NET Web API 2 (C#)". docs.microsoft.com.
- "Visual Studio 2015 and Visual Studio 2013 Update 5 Released". msdn.com. Microsoft.
- "Announcing the .NET Framework 4.7". 5 April 2017.
- "Announcing the .NET Framework 4.7.1". 17 October 2017.
- "Announcing the .NET Framework 4.8". 18 April 2019.
- "Releases". GitHub.
- "Compatibility | Mono". Compatibility | Mono. 8 September 2015. Archived from the original on 2 July 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
General sources
- MacDonald, Matthew; Szpuszta, Mario (2005). Pro ASP.NET 2.0 in C# 2005 (1st ed.). Apress. ISBN 1-59059-496-7.
