Legislative history

In the late 1960s, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, New Mexico, North Carolina, and Oregon made reforms to their abortion laws, with most of these states providing more detailed medical guidance on when therapeutic abortions could be performed.^[4]

In 1962, the American Law Institute published their model penal code, as it applied to abortions, with three circumstances where they believed a physician could justifiably perform an abortion: "If ... there is substantial risk that the continuance of the pregnancy would gravely impair the physical or mental health of the mother, or that the child would be born with grave physical or mental defect, or that the pregnancy resulted from rape, incest, or other felonious intercourse." Versions of this model were passed into law in many states during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Oregon was an exception in that they chose to model their law after the British Abortion Act of 1967.^[5] State law as of 1971 required that any woman getting a legal abortion in the state needed to be a resident for some specific period between 30 and 90 days.^[5]

As of 2017, California, Oregon, Montana, Vermont, and New Hampshire allow qualified non-physician health professionals, such as physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and certified nurse midwives, to do first-trimester aspiration abortions and to prescribe drugs for medical abortions.^[6] In Oregon the Reproductive Health Equity Act was passed in 2017, which required health insurance to offer abortion coverage and to absorb most of the costs for the procedure, instead of passing them along to women.^[7][8][9] As of August 2018, the state had a law to protect the right to have an abortion.^[10][7] As of May 2019, Oregon was one of only a few states in the nation that had no gestational age limit on abortion, and the only one with no restrictions at all.^[7]

Ballot box history

There was a ballot box measure in 2018 that sought to limit the ability of the state to use public funds to pay for abortions. This was rejected by voters.^[7][11]

Judicial history

The US Supreme Court's decision in 1973's Roe v. Wade ruling meant the state could no longer regulate abortion in the first trimester.^[4] However, the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, No. 19-1392, 597 U.S. ___ (2022) later in 2022.^[12][13]

Clinic history

Between 1982 and 1992, the number of abortion clinics in the state decreased by twenty, going from sixty in 1982 to forty in 1992.^[14] In 2014, there were fifteen abortion clinics in the state.^[15] In 2014, 78% of the counties in the state did not have an abortion clinic. That year, 30% of women in the state aged 15–44 lived in a county without an abortion clinic.^[10] In 2017, there were 12 Planned Parenthood clinics, of which 8 offered abortion services, in a state with a population of 911,617 women aged 15–49. That year, 30% of women in the state aged 15–44 lived in a county without an abortion clinic.^[16]

Protests

Women from the state participated in marches supporting abortion rights as part of a #StoptheBans movement in May 2019.^[27]

Following the overturn of Roe v. Wade on June 24, 2022, at least 2,000 abortion rights protesters gathered for a protest in Downtown Portland, Oregon.^[28] 10 people were arrested at a June 24 protest in Eugene.^[29]

Violence

The first clinic arson occurred in Oregon in March 1976 and the first bombing occurred in February 1978 in Ohio.^[30][31] The attack took place at a Planned Parenthood clinic in Eugene and was committed by an individual.^[31]

Rachelle "Shelley" Shannon attempted to set fires at abortion clinics in Oregon, California, Idaho and Nevada during the late 1980s and early 1990s and eventually pleaded guilty for these cases of arson.  In 1993, she was found guilty of attempted murder of George Tiller in 1993 at his Wichita, Kansas clinic.^[31]

On November 23, 2021, Devin Kruse, 27, destroyed several windows and security cameras at a Planned Parenthood in Grants Pass, Oregon. He pleaded guilty to two counts of violating the federal Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act.^[32]