Academy_Award_for_Best_Director

Academy Award for Best Director

Academy Award for Best Director

Category of film award

The Academy Award for Best Director (officially known as the Academy Award of Merit for Directing) is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of a film director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry.

Quick Facts Awarded for, Country ...

The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with the award being split into "Dramatic" and "Comedy" categories; Frank Borzage and Lewis Milestone won for 7th Heaven and Two Arabian Knights, respectively.[1] However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies.[2] Nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the academy.[3][4][5]

For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year. However, after the nomination of Michael Curtiz for two films, Angels with Dirty Faces and Four Daughters, at the 11th Academy Awards, the rules were revised so that an individual could only be nominated for one film at each ceremony.[6] That rule has since been amended, although the only director who has received multiple nominations in the same year was Steven Soderbergh for Erin Brockovich and Traffic in 2000, winning the award for the latter. The Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that won Best Picture and were also nominated for Best Director, 68 won the award.[7][8]

Since its inception, the award has been given to 75 directors or directing teams. As of the 96th Academy Awards ceremony, British-American filmmaker Christopher Nolan is the most recent winner in this category for his work on Oppenheimer.

Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County, California; the ceremonies are always held the following year.[9] For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31.[10] For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933.[10] Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.[10]

Frank Borzage won twice: "Dramatic director" at the first ceremony, for 7th Heaven (1927); & later, Bad Girl (1931).
Lewis Milestone won twice: "Comedy director" at the first ceremony, for Two Arabian Knights (1927); & later, All Quiet on the Western Front (1930).
Frank Lloyd won twice, for The Divine Lady (1929) & Cavalcade (1933).
Frank Capra won thrice, for It Happened One Night (1934), Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), & You Can't Take It with You (1938).
John Ford won a record four times, for: The Informer (1935), The Grapes of Wrath (1940), How Green Was My Valley (1941), & The Quiet Man (1952).
Leo McCarey won twice, for The Awful Truth (1937) & Going My Way (1944).
Victor Fleming won for Gone with the Wind (1939).
William Wyler, with a record twelve nominations, won thrice, for: Mrs. Miniver (1942), The Best Years of Our Lives (1946), & Ben-Hur (1959).
Michael Curtiz won for Casablanca (1942).
Billy Wilder (right, with Gloria Swanson) won twice, for The Lost Weekend (1945) & The Apartment (1960).
Elia Kazan won twice, for Gentleman's Agreement (1947) & On the Waterfront (1954).
John Huston won for The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948).
Joseph L. Mankiewicz won twice consecutively, for A Letter to Three Wives (1949) & All About Eve (1950).
George Stevens won twice, for A Place in the Sun (1951) & Giant (1956).
Fred Zinnemann won twice, for From Here to Eternity (1953) & A Man for All Seasons (1966).
David Lean won twice, for The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) & Lawrence of Arabia (1962).
Vincente Minnelli won for Gigi (1958).
Robert Wise won twice: jointly with Jerome Robbins (an Oscars first) for West Side Story (1961) & solo for The Sound of Music (1965).
George Cukor won for My Fair Lady (1964).
Mike Nichols won for The Graduate (1967).
Carol Reed won for Oliver! (1968).
Franklin J. Schaffner won for Patton (1970).
William Friedkin won for The French Connection (1971).
Bob Fosse won for Cabaret (1972).
Francis Ford Coppola won for The Godfather Part II (1974).
Miloš Forman won twice, for One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) & Amadeus (1984).
Woody Allen won for Annie Hall (1977).
Robert Redford won for Ordinary People (1980).
Warren Beatty won for Reds (1981).
Richard Attenborough won for Gandhi (1982).
Sydney Pollack won for Out of Africa (1985).
Oliver Stone won twice, for Platoon (1986) & Born on the Fourth of July (1989).
Bernardo Bertolucci won for The Last Emperor (1987).
Barry Levinson won for Rain Man (1988).
Kevin Costner won for Dances with Wolves (1990).
Jonathan Demme won for The Silence of the Lambs (1991).
Clint Eastwood won twice, for Unforgiven (1992) & Million Dollar Baby (2004)—latter, at 74, rendered him the oldest winner.
Steven Spielberg won twice, for Schindler's List (1993) & Saving Private Ryan (1998).
Robert Zemeckis won for Forrest Gump (1994).
Mel Gibson won for Braveheart (1995).
James Cameron won for Titanic (1997).
Sam Mendes won for American Beauty (1999).
Steven Soderbergh won for Traffic (2000).
Ron Howard won for A Beautiful Mind (2001).
Roman Polanski won for The Pianist (2002).
Peter Jackson won for The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003).
Ang Lee won twice, for Brokeback Mountain (2005) & Life of Pi (2012); first Asian winner.
Martin Scorsese won for The Departed (2006).
The Coen brothers won for No Country for Old Men (2007).
Danny Boyle won for Slumdog Millionaire (2008).
Kathryn Bigelow won for The Hurt Locker (2009); first woman to win.
Alfonso Cuarón won twice, for Gravity (2013) & Roma (2018); first Mexican winner.
Alejandro G. Iñárritu won twice consecutively, for Birdman (2014) & The Revenant (2015).
Damien Chazelle won for La La Land (2016); youngest winner, at age 32.
Guillermo del Toro won for The Shape of Water (2017).
Bong Joon-ho won for Parasite (2019); first to direct a foreign-language (Korean) winner for Best Picture.
Chloé Zhao won for Nomadland (2020); first woman of color to win.
Jane Campion won for The Power of the Dog (2021); first woman to be nominated twice.
The Daniels won for Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022).
Table key
  Indicates the winner

1920s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

1930s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

1940s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

1950s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

1960s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

1970s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

1980s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

1990s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

2000s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

2010s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

2020s

More information Year, Director(s) ...

Multiple wins and nominations

More information Wins, Director ...

Age superlatives

More information Record, Director ...

Records

Notes

  1. The Circus originally received a nomination for Best Director (Comedy Picture), as well as nominations for Best Actor and Best Writing (Original Story), all for Charlie Chaplin. However, the Academy subsequently decided to remove Chaplin's name from the competitive award categories and instead to confer upon him a Special Award "for acting, writing, directing and producing The Circus".
  2. The 2nd Academy Awards is the only ceremony for which there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of unofficial or de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges. While Frank Lloyd won for The Divine Lady, his other two nominated films are considered to be a single combined nomination.
  3. According to the Oscars.org database, Brown's directing nomination counts as one singular, joint, cumulative nomination for two films. This same recognition was applicable to all nominees, such as to Greta Garbo's acting nominations from the same respective films; as well as acting winners, Norma Shearer and George Arliss. No explanation was given for why the latter two were nominated with two films, yet only awarded for one each.
  4. Michael Curtiz was not on the original ballot of nominees. However, after the year prior with Bette Davis's omission for Of Human Bondage, the resulting furor led to a write-in campaign determined to secure her a nomination. Thus, the Academy relaxed their rules and allowed her performance to be amongst the competition. They permitted this once more, prompting further submissions: Curtiz; Paul Muni for Black Fury; and several other categories, including Hal Mohr for A Midsummer Night's Dream. Ultimately, Mohr became the only person to win an Oscar as a result of this process. The Academy discontinued this option from the next ceremony forward to prevent any recurrence.
  5. The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  6. Wise earned two individual nominations (resulting in one win); and one joint nomination with Jerome Robbins, which also resulted in the pair of them winning.
  7. While the Coen Brothers, as a directing duo, earned two nominations, their work on Fargo was credited as being split apart: Ethan was given sole producer credit, while Joel was listed as the sole director. Joel thus has one additional directing nomination combined with his work as part of their dual efforts.

See also

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