Adolphus Frederick IV (5 May 1738 – 2 June 1794) was Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz from 1752 to his death in 1794.

He was born in Mirow to Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and his wife Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen. His father was the second son of Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg.

He was the heir presumptive of Mecklenburg-Strelitz from the death of his father on 5 June 1752 until he succeeded his uncle Duke Adolphus Frederick III on 11 December 1752.^{[citation needed]} In 1753, he studied at the University of Greifswald. In 1764, he was installed as a member of the Order of the Garter.

In the early years after 1753, his mother Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen served as regent, as her son was only 14 years old. They were additionally under the protection of King George II of Great Britain.^{[citation needed]}

Adolphus Frederick never married. Following his death at Neustrelitz in 1794, he was succeeded by his brother Charles.