Alfred Albert Martineau (18 December 1859 in Artins – 25 January 1945 in Varennes) was a notable historian and colonial administrator in the French Colonial Empire.

He wrote extensively on colonial affairs and the history of French colonial expansion, in particular a six-volume Histoire des colonies françaises et de l'expansion française dans le monde (1930–1934) co-authored with former French Foreign Minister Gabriel Hanotaux.^[1] Upon retirement from colonial service in 1921 he taught colonial history at the Collège de France until 1935.^[2]

He was a founding member of the Société de l'histoire de l'Inde française, the Societe francaise d'Histoire d'Outre-Mer [fr] (1912) and the Académie des sciences coloniales (1922).^[3]

• Colonial heads of Djibouti (French Somaliland)
• List of colonial governors in 1899
• List of colonial governors in 1900
• Colonial heads of the Comoros
• Colonial heads of Gabon