It exhibits an almost complete collection of the Greek currencies from 1822 to present, about 2000 items.[1][2][4] It includes the first treasury bonds issued by the newly liberated Greek State in 1822. It also shows the replacement of the drachma by the euro in 2002.[1][3] Exhibits include sketches, essays, and printing plates of Greek banknotes.[2] One of its rarest holdings is the 1860 "colonata".[1]
The museum was established in 1981 by the Ionian Bank. It is housed at the former Ionian Bank building, designed by Corfiote architect Ioannis Chronis in about 1840.[1][2][4][5] In 2000 Ionian Bank merged with Alpha Bank. The Banknote Museum was renovated and was reopened in 2005.[1][2] An additional exhibit hall was added showcasing "Ionian Bank Limited,which was a British venture and the first bank to operate in Greek territory.[1] The museum collection is considered one of the most complete of its kind in the world.[4]
History and exhibits
In 2003 Aris Rapidis, the curator of the museum and a historian, undertook the renovation and coordination of the exhibits to conform to world standards.[1][2][6] In 2005 and with the participation of John Keyworth, curator of the Bank of England, the renovated exhibits were opened to the public.[1][2] It is the first time that such a banknote collection, owned by a Greek bank, has been made available to the general public on a regularly scheduled basis.[1][2][5] Between 2005 and 2007 about 10,000 people have visited the museum.[2] In July 2007, an exhibition hall was constructed on the second floor of the museum.[2] The exhibition Greek Costumes – Printed sources of the 16th-20th centuries, jointly organised with the Benaki Museum, became the first event to be showcased at the hall.[2][3]
The museum contains historical material pertaining to the history of the Ionian Bank and a complete series of the last issues of the national banknotes of the Euro zone member states prior to their replacement by the euro.[2][3] The manufacturing process of banknotes is included among the exhibits as well as the method of adding a watermark.[5] A workshop details the metal plate engraving process.[5]
Among the museum exhibits are some rare specimens of Greek currency.[1] Exhibits include the first banknotes issued by first Governor of Greece Ioannis Kapodistrias.[1][5] The Kapodistrias notes are simple and feature a rose-coloured Phoenix on white background.[1] The museum collection also contains the pre-Kapodistrian treasury bonds issued by the provisional Greek government in "pisters" or "grossia".[1][3][6]
The National Bank of Greece was established in 1841 and the ancient drachma was again designated as the official currency of Greece.[1][5] The museum exhibits the first banknotes printed by the British printing houses Perkins Bacon or Bradbury Wilkins.[1] The collection includes notes printed by the American Banknote Company, which succeeded the British at the turn of the century.[1] The American company printed Greek banknotes until about 1928. Subsequent to that the Bank of Greece undertook the printing of the currency on its own.[1]
One of the rarest banknotes on exhibit is the one depicting the Byzantine church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.[1] Designed in 1920, the banknote depicts Hagia Sophia without the Ottoman minarets and was part of the Megali Idea.[1] A few years later the Asia Minor disaster occurred and the currency was never circulated.[1]
Rare art deco-style banknotes, printed in France, some featuring Hermes, allegorically depict the continuity of Greek currency and commerce from ancient times to the 1930s.[1]
The exhibition includes banknotes that were issued during WWII by the occupying Axis forces.[1]
Banknotes issued by the provisional "mountain government" are also exhibited.[1] This currency was valued against the equivalent value of kilograms of wheat.[1] The 100 billion drachma banknote during the hyperinflation years of 1944 is also featured.[1] It remains historically the highest banknote denomination in Greece and after the hyperinflation ended, its value fell to just 2 drachmas.[1]
The museum also hosted a conference held between June 9–10, 2006, under the title of "The Economic Development of South-eastern Europe in the 19th century".[7]
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Banknote_Museum, and is written by contributors.
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