First airfields

The first airfield in Belgrade was inaugurated in 1910 in the neighbourhood of Banjica and was initially used by aviation pioneers such as Simon, Maslenikov, Vidmar and Čermak. Two years later a wooden hangar was built for the Serbian Air Force, which was at the time engaged in the First Balkan War against Turkey. In 1914, the Banjica airfield was the base for the Serbian Air Force squadron and the Balloon Company. After the end of the First World War, the Banjica airfield was used for airmail traffic and included the routes Novi Sad–Belgrade–Niš–Skoplje and Belgrade–Sarajevo–Mostar.^[6]

In 1911 another airfield was inaugurated in Belgrade, in the lower city of the Kalemegdan Fortress at the location of today's Belgrade Planetarium.^[6]

Airport in Pančevo

An airport on the outskirts of Pančevo, a town located northeast of Belgrade, began its operations in 1923 when CFRNA inaugurated the international route Paris–Istanbul, which was flown via Belgrade. It was on that route that same year that the first world night flight ever happened in history.^[7] The same year airmail service began operating from the airport. The Pančevo airport was also used by the Royal Yugoslav Air Force academy. After the World War II the airport was used by the Yugoslav Air Force before it became the airfield of the Utva Aviation Industry after its relocation from Zemun to Pančevo.^[6]

Airport in Dojno Polje (New Belgrade)

Because of the distance from Pančevo to downtown Belgrade, which at that time required crossing the Danube, a decision was made to build a new airport that would be closer. The airport was planned to be built just across the river Sava, in a neighborhood today known as Novi Beograd. It was opened on 25 March 1927 under the official name of Belgrade International Airport (also known as Dojno polje Airport). From February 1928, the aircraft owned by the first local airline Aeroput started taking off from the new airport. The airport had four 1,100–2,900 metres (3,610–9,510 ft) long grass runways. The design for a reinforced concrete hangar that was built at the airfield was made by the Serbian scientist Milutin Milanković, better known for his theory of climate change. A modern terminal building was built in 1931, while the landing equipment for conditions of poor visibility was installed in 1936.^[6]

Before World War II, Belgrade was also used as a stopover for some major air races, such as The Schlesinger African Air Race.^[8]

Besides Aeroput, Air France, Deutsche Luft Hansa, KLM, Imperial Airways and airlines from Italy, Austria, Hungary, Romania and Poland also used the airport until the outbreak of the Second World War. Belgrade gained further prominence when Imperial Airways introduced inter-continental routes through Belgrade, when London was linked with India through the airport.^[9] Belgrade was linked with Paris and Breslau because CIDNA and Deutsche Luft Hansa, respectively, included Belgrade on its routes to Istanbul.^[10] By 1931, Belgrade became a major air hub being linked with regular flights with international destinations such as London, Madrid, Venice, Brussels, Berlin, Cologne, Warsaw, Prague, Vienna, Graz, Klagenfurt, Budapest, Bucharest, Sofia, Varna, Thessaloniki, Athens, Istanbul, and also intercontinental links with Cairo, Karachi and India.^[9]

Starting from April 1941, German occupation forces used the airport. During 1944 it was bombed by the Allies, and in October of the same year the German army destroyed the remaining facilities while withdrawing from the country.^[6]

The airport was rebuilt by October 1944 and until the end of the war was used by the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia as part of the Allied war effort.^[6]

Civil transport by Yugoslav Air Force cargo planes from this airport was reinstated at the end of 1945. At the beginning of 1947 JAT Yugoslav Airlines and JUSTA took over domestic and international traffic, and from 1948 Western European airlines resumed flights to Belgrade.^[6]

A constant increase in traffic and the beginning of the passenger jet era called for a significant expansion of the airport. In the meantime, a plan to build a residential and business district called Novi Beograd on the location of the airport was introduced. The officials decided therefore that a new international airport should be built near the village of Surčin to the west. The last flight to depart from the old airport was early in 1964.^[11]

Airport in Surčin

The new location for the airport was on the Surčin plateau, 15 km (9 mi) from Belgrade's city centre.^[11] Thanks to the original planners' vision, two conditions for the airport's development were fulfilled: a location was chosen that met the navigational, meteorological, construction, technical, and traffic requirements; and the special needs for the airport's long-term development were established. ^{[citation needed]}

Building of the new airport started in April 1958 and lasted until 28 April 1962, when it was officially opened by President Josip Broz Tito.^[11] During that period a 3,000-metre-long (1.9 mi) runway was built, with the parallel taxiway and concrete aprons for sixteen airplanes. The passenger terminal building occupied an area of 8,000 m² (86,000 sq ft). Cargo storage spaces were also built, as well as a technical block with the air-traffic control tower and other accompanying facilities. Modern navigational equipment was installed, earning the airport the highest international classification according to the International Civil Aviation Organization.^[12]

The airport stagnated during the 1990s after the outbreak of the Yugoslav wars and the United Nations sanctions imposed on the Serbia and Montenegro. The sanctions also included a ban on air travel. The airport had minimal passenger movement, and many facilities were in need of reparation.

With a change in government and international sentiment, normal air traffic resumed in 2001. A few years later the airport's terminal 2 underwent a major reconstruction. The runway was upgraded to CAT IIIb in 2005, as part of a large renovation project. CAT IIIb is an Instrument Landing System (ILS), giving aircraft the security of landing during fog and storms. In 2006, the airport was renamed to Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport. Nikola Tesla was a Serbian-American inventor and scientist, generally considered one of the world's most famous inventors.^[13] The construction of the new air traffic control centre was completed in 2010. In 2011 Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport shares (AERO) began trading on the Belgrade Stock Exchange (BELEX).

2012–2018

In 2012, construction work on the modernization and expansion of the airport began. It was carried out on the expansion and reconstruction of the A-gate and C-gate departure and transit areas. As a result, an extra 2,750 square metres (29,600 sq ft) was added. Jetways at the A and C gates were also replaced.

Also, there were plans for the construction of a new control tower as the current air control tower was built in 1962.^[14] Future expansion of current terminals should see additional 17,000 sqm added, with terminal 2 getting additional 4 jetways.^[15]

2018–present

In January 2018, the Government of Serbia granted a 25-year concession of the Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport to the French airport operator Vinci Airports for a sum of 501 million euros.^[16] On 21 December 2018, Vinci formally took over the airport.^[17] In 2018, the airport had a sizeable increase in revenue and net income, due to Vinci Airports transaction.^[18]

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 (T1) was the original and only terminal when the airport was built. The terminal handled domestic flights during the time of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro, and subsequently has come to be used for international flights, mostly by low-cost and charter airlines. The terminal went through a major renovation in 2016 and 2017 when the interior was overhauled.^[22]

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 (T2) was constructed in 1979 for the airport's growing passenger numbers. The terminal has a capacity of 5 million passengers.^[23] The terminal contains airline offices, transfer desks and various retail shops. The terminal went through two major renovations: from 2004 through 2006, with the arrivals and departures areas of the terminal completely reconstructed, and another one in 2012 and 2013 when there were works on expansion and overhaul of the C platform. While not officially confirmed, it is believed that the overhauled T1 will be used by foreign carriers, while Air Serbia and Etihad Airways Partners would gain exclusive use of Terminal 2.^[24]

Passenger

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights as of April 2024:^[25][26]

Cargo

The following cargo airlines served the airport on a regular basis:^{[42][better source needed]}

Traffic figures

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.

Annual passenger traffic at BEG airport. See Wikidata query.

More information Year, Passengers ...

Year	Passengers	Change	Cargo (t)	Change	Aircraft movements	Change
2002	1,621,798		6,827		28,872
2003	1,849,148	14%	6,532	4%	32,484	13%
2004	2,045,282	11%	8,946	37%	36,416	12%
2005	2,032,357	1%	7,728	14%	37,614	3%
2006	2,222,445	9%	8,200	6%	42,360	13%
2007	2,512,890	13%	7,926	3%	43,448	3%
2008[43]	2,650,048	5%	8,129	3%	44,454	2%
2009[44]	2,384,077	10%	6,690	18%	40,664	8%
2010[45]	2,698,730	13%	7,427	11%	44,160	9%
2011[46]	3,124,633	16%	8,025	8%	44,923	2%
2012[47]	3,363,919	8%	7,253	10%	44,990	0%
2013[48]	3,543,194	5%	7,679	6%	46,828	4%
2014[49]	4,638,577	31%	10,222	33%	58,695	25%
2015[50]	4,776,110	3%	13,091	28%	58,506	0%
2016[51]	4,924,992	3%	13,939	7%	58,633	0%
2017[52]	5,343,420	9%	22,350	42%	58,859	0%
2018[53]	5,641,105	6%	25,543	29,3%	67,460	3,8%
2019 [54]	6,159,000	9.2%	N/A	N/A	70,365	4,3%
2020[55]	1,904,025	69.1%	N/A	N/A	34,452	51.2%
2021[56]	3,286,295	73%	N/A	N/A	48,842	45%
2022[57]	5,611,920	71%	N/A	N/A	65,644	34%
2023 [58]	7,948,202	41.5%	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
2024 [59]	1,609,305 (1.1.-31.3.2024.)	22.5%	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

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Passenger numbers

More information Month, Passengers ...

2019^[60][61]

Month	Passengers	Change (2018–2019)	Passengers Cumulatively
January	347,544	4.1%	347,544
February	315,717	6.1%	663,261
March	372,122	1.6%	1,035,383
April	467,469	4.4%	1,502,852
May	507,633	5.9%	2,010,485
June	602,466	11.7%	2,612,951
July	734,898	9.4%	3,347,849
August	757,062	9.8%	4,104,911
September	647,005	11.9%	4,751,916
October	562,996	13.5%	5,314,912
November	424,656	14.6%	5,739,568
December	419,432	12.3%	6,159,000

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More information Month, Passengers ...

2023^[62]

Month	Passengers	Change (2023–2019)	Change (2023-2022)	Passengers Cumulatively
January	445,840	28.3%	85.0%	445,840
February	396,091	25.5%	89.6%	841,931
March	471,518	26.7%	61.0%	1,313,449
April	579,094	23.9%	48.5%	1,892,543
May	648,748	27.8%	38.7%	2,541,291
June	745,467	23.8%	37.6%	3,286,758
July	901,843	22.7%	26.5%	4,188,601
August	930,536	22.9%	29.7%	5,119,137
September	833,155	28.8%	37.7%	5,952,292
October	744,022	32.2%	43.6%	6,696,314
November	614,464	44.7%	40.0%	7,310,778
December	641,020	52.8%	34.6%	7,948,202

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More information Month, Passengers ...

2024^[63]

Month	Passengers	Change (2023–2024)	Passengers Cumulatively
January	570,937	28.1%	570,937
February	480,185	21.2%	1,051,122
March	558,183	18.4%	1,609,305
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

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Busiest routes

More information City, Airport ...

Busiest routes at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport^[64][61]

City	Airport	Weekly Departures (Winter 2023/2024)	Airlines
Istanbul	Istanbul Airport, Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport	50	Air Serbia, AnadoluJet, Pegasus Airlines, Turkish Airlines
Vienna	Vienna Airport	37	Air Serbia, Austrian Airlines
Podgorica	Podgorica Airport	35	Air Montenegro, Air Serbia
Zürich	Zürich Airport	34	Air Serbia, Swiss International Air Lines
Frankfurt	Frankfurt Airport	24	Air Serbia, Lufthansa
Munich	Munich Airport, Memmingen Airport	23	Lufthansa, Wizz Air
Amsterdam	Amsterdam Airport Schiphol	23	Air Serbia, KLM
Paris	Beauvais–Tillé Airport, Charles de Gaulle Airport	21	Air Serbia, Wizz Air
Tivat	Tivat Airport	21	Air Montenegro, Air Serbia
Rome	Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport	20	Air Serbia, Wizz Air
Ljubljana	Ljubljana Airport	19	Air Serbia
Budapest	Budapest Airport	18	Air Serbia
Zagreb	Zagreb Airport	17	Air Serbia
Athens	Athens International Airport	16	Aegean Airlines, Air Serbia
Barcelona	Josep Tarradellas Barcelona–El Prat Airport	16	Air Serbia, Wizz Air
Bucharest	Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport	16	Air Serbia, TAROM
Milan	Milan Malpensa Airport, Orio al Serio International Airport	16	Air Serbia, Wizz Air
London	Heathrow Airport, Luton Airport	15	Air Serbia, British Airways, Wizz Air

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Security

Before the 2020/2021-2023 remodelling, Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport was built with only one airside hallway for both departing and arriving passengers. As such, security checks used to be located at gate entrances rather than on a central location. As of 2021, however, there is a central security hall directly above the ticketing area, before passport control, where all passengers must be screened.

Passport controls are placed on two entrances and the single exit of the hallway. All passengers must pass the passport control, except those traveling domestically. An additional security check used to exist on the hallway entrance, but it was removed in 2013 as it inconvenienced passengers and was not essential for security.^[65]

In 2007 the airport prohibited cars parking next to the airport terminal, instead they have to use the car park provided, as a result of the 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack.^[66]

Lounges

Source:^{[67][better source needed]}

Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport offers a single business class lounge, Business Club, for all airlines operating from the airport. "Business Club", opened in 2011, covers an area of 250 m² (2,700 sq ft), and can seat 30 guests.

The airport also has a VIP lounge, with separate check-in and passport control facilities.

Air Serbia Premium Lounge is the first dedicated airline owned and operated lounge at the airport.

Car

The airport is connected to the A3 motorway via a nearby interchange. The toll station on A3 is located to the west of the interchange, and the sections to the Belgrade downtown and the Belgrade bypass are toll-free. Licensed taxis from the airport to the city are available.

Bus

The following scheduled bus services connect the airport with its surroundings:^[68][69]

Rail

The Serbian Ministry of Construction, Transportation and Infrastructure has announced a construction project for a new railway line between the city and the airport. The construction is scheduled to start in 2024, and should be completed in 18 months.^[70]