Early business career

After graduating, Gummer ran a small engineering firm. Between 2005 and 2010, he was managing director of the family-owned Sancroft International, a corporate responsibility consultancy.^[5]

Historian

Gummer published a history of the Black Death, The Scourging Angel, in 2009.^[7][8] The book received favourable reviews. In The Times Literary Supplement, Jonathan Sumption commented that Gummer "establishes the facts more thoroughly than any of his predecessors".^[6] Andrew Roberts described it as a "moving and incisive history" and named it one of his 'Books of the Year' in The Daily Telegraph.^[9]

Parliamentary interests

Before becoming a minister, Gummer sat on two separate finance bill committees, as well as those on childcare payments, defamation, legal aid, and terrorism prevention.^[16] He was a member of the UK parliamentary delegation to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and a patron of the Longford Trust.^{[17][non-primary source needed]}

Political views

Gummer used his maiden speech to argue for rapid deficit and debt reduction and penal reform.^[18] He has spoken strongly against votes for prisoners,^[19] but in favour of more constructive prison and probation sentences.^[20] He has described himself as "a libertarian" and has said that he has "absolutely no problem" with gay marriage,^[21] subsequently voting for it in Parliament.^[22] He also added his name to an amendment to clause one of the Protection of Freedoms Bill, which calls for the word 'insulting' to be dropped from section 5 of the Public Order Act.^[23] Gummer was strongly in favour of the United Kingdom remaining in the European Union and described himself as "devastated" by the result.^[24]

Tax statements

In 2012, Gummer proposed annual tax statements intended to show itemised spending per department in proportion to the amount the taxpayer paid in the year to date.^[25] Gummer's proposal was favourably received by the press in the UK and in the US by the Wall Street Journal^[26] It was included in the 2012 Budget and due for introduction in 2014 with George Osborne calling it "an excellent idea".^[27] The TaxPayers' Alliance subsequently honoured Gummer as their 'Pin-Up of the Month'.^[28]

It was also supported by the prime minister. Gummer's breakdown showed that someone with a salary of £25,500 in 2012 would be paying for the following through their income tax and national insurance contributions:

• £2,080 on pensions and benefits (including £212 on housing benefit and £296 on incapacity benefits);
• £1,094 on the NHS;
• £824 on education;
• £339 on defence;
• £160 on the police;
• £92 on roads;
• £71 on railway;
• £59 on overseas aid;
• £44 on prisons; and
• £28 to the European Union.

Gummer emphasised that this would help refute suggestions that most taxation goes to the EU, Africa or Trident.^[29]

Public debt management

In the financial dailies City AM^[30] and the Financial Times^[31] Gummer has called for Swedish style fiscal rules. While other MPs argued for a 'deficit ceiling',^[32] Gummer argued instead that the government should change the way it sets budgets, ensuring a budget surplus over the medium term. To this end, in the 2012-13 session of Parliament he introduced a Private Members' Bill titled the 'Public Debt Management Bill', the aim of which was to introduce rule whereby the Chancellor of the Exchequer must ensure that the budget is in surplus by at least 1% of over the course of each business cycle.^[33] The bill was not taken forward, although in 2015 rules along similar lines, with the Office for Budget Responsibility involved in the way Gummer's bill suggested, were adopted by the government.^[34]

Renaming National Insurance

In February 2014, Gummer brought in a ten minute rule bill to rename National Insurance contributions as an Earnings Tax.^[35] Although back-benchers were reported to be enthusiastic, the Treasury, which had launched a consultation exercise on it in 2011, is believed to have considered it too expensive.^[36]

Parliamentary Private Secretary

In May 2012, Gummer was appointed Parliamentary Adviser to Andrew, Lord Feldman, the Conservative Party co-chairman, helping him to develop the relationship between Conservative Campaign Headquarters and Conservative MPs.^[37] In September 2012, Gummer was promoted to Parliamentary Private Secretary to Alan Duncan, Minister of State for International Development, in the government reshuffle.^[38] Duncan was responsible for Asia, the Middle East, Caribbean and Overseas Territories, International Finance, International Relations (except the EU), Trade, and Corporate Performance Divisions.^{[citation needed]}

In October 2013, he became PPS to the Education Secretary, Michael Gove.^[39] Following the 2014 reshuffle, Gummer became PPS to Nicky Morgan. In May 2015 he was appointed Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Health.^[40]

Health Minister

Following the 2015 general election, Gummer became Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Care Quality in the Department of Health, one of the broadest junior ministerial briefs. Gummer's ministerial responsibilities included NHS hospitals, the NHS workforce, maternity care, patient safety and end of life care. Gummer's achievements include a new strategy to deal with high levels of stillbirths,^[41] the government commitment to ensure high quality, compassionate end of life care across the health system by 2020^[42] and the introduction of reforms to nursing training and bursaries, which aim to create 10,000 more nursing, midwifery and allied health degree places and launching a consultation on a new nursing associate role.^[43] His ministerial role also involved him in the Junior Doctors' contract dispute and negotiations with the chair of the BMA junior doctors' committee Dr Johann Malawana. Gummer claimed that the new contract was "fair to all, including protected groups, whilst recognising the importance of the contract continuing to be built on equal pay principles".^[44] After a series of strikes the BMA returned to the negotiating table and agreed a deal with the government, although its membership rejected the deal, leading to Dr Malawana's resignation.^[45]

Minister for the Cabinet Office and Paymaster General

In July 2016, Gummer was promoted by new prime minister Theresa May to the position of Minister for the Cabinet Office and Paymaster General. His ministerial responsibilities included the development, co-ordination and implementation of government policy, management of the functions of government (people, digital, property, procurement and security), oversight of the civil service, constitutional issues, the resilience of the UK's infrastructure and cyber security. A profile of Gummer by Andrew Gimson for Conservative Home described him as "the most important minister whose role you’ve never heard of…Gummer enjoys the confidence of May and her advisers, who describe him as 'first class'".^[46]

Constituency projects