Biocosm
James N. Gardner
American lawyer and author (1946-2021)
James Nelson Gardner (May 5, 1946 – April 10, 2021) was an American lawyer, author and lobbyist. He was also a complexity theorist and proposed a "Selfish Biocosm" hypothesis, which argues that intelligent life eventually emerges as the architect of baby universes.[1]
Gardner was a graduate of Yale College and Yale Law School. He studied philosophy and theoretical biology.[2] He was also an amateur cosmologist, and has published peer-reviewed articles which have been published in Complexity and the Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. He was also a former U.S. Supreme Court clerk and a former Oregon state senator.[3][4]
Gardner died on April 10, 2021.[5]