Bresaola (/brɛˈzaʊlə/ breh-ZOW-lə, /brɪˈzoʊlə/ briz-OH-lə,^[1] also UK: /brɛˈsaʊlə/ bress-OW-lə,^[2] US: /brɛˈsoʊlə/ bress-OH-lə,^[3][4] Italian: [breˈzaːola]) is air-dried, salted beef (but it can also be made of horse, venison and pork) that has been aged two or three months until it becomes hard and turns a dark red, almost purple colour. It is made from top (inside) round, and it is lean and tender, with a sweet, musty smell.^[5] It originated in Valtellina, a valley in the Alps of northern Italy's Lombardy region.^[6]

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The word comes from the diminutive of Lombard bresada ('braised').^[2][3][4]

A strict trimming process is essential to give a unique flavour. Legs of beef are thoroughly defatted and seasoned with a dry rub of coarse salt and spices, such as juniper berries, cinnamon and nutmeg. They are then left to cure for a few days. A drying period of between one and three months follows, depending on the weight of the particular bresaola. The meat loses up to 40% of its original weight during ageing.

In Valtellina, a similar process is applied to smaller pieces of meat. This produces a more strongly flavoured product, slinzega. Traditionally, horse meat was used for slinzega, but now other meats, such as venison and pork, are used as well.

As an antipasto, bresaola is usually sliced paper-thin and served at room temperature or slightly chilled.^[7] It is most commonly served and eaten with drizzled olive oil and lemon juice or balsamic vinegar, and served with rocket (rucola, arugula) salad, cracked black pepper, and fresh Parmesan cheese. Bresaola is sometimes confused with carpaccio, which is made from thin-sliced raw beef (the other ingredients are the same). Sliced bresaola should be stored well-wrapped in a refrigerator.^{[citation needed]}

This section does not cite any sources. (July 2021)

The bresaola produced in Valtellina is now a protected geographical indication (PGI) under EU Regulation 2081/92. Since this designation, dried beef made outside Valtellina may carry a generic name such as viande séchée". There are traditional products from several other areas that are similar:

• Biltong: air-dried cured meat from South Africa with a taste very similar to Bresaola
• Bündnerfleisch (Bindenfleisch): another Alpine dried meat from across the border in Grisons, Switzerland
• Brési: from the Doubs region of France
• Pastirma: a highly seasoned, air-dried cured beef that is found in the cuisines of the eastern Mediterranean.

• List of dried foods
• List of smoked foods