Burid

Burid dynasty

Burid dynasty

Medieval Turkish principality in Syria


The Burid dynasty was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin which ruled over the Emirate of Damascus in the early 12th century, as subjects of the Seljuk Empire.

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History

The first Burid ruler, Toghtekin,[1] began as a servant to the Seljuk ruler of Damascus, Duqaq. Following Duqaq's death in 1104, he seized the city for himself.[citation needed]

The dynasty was named after Toghtekin's son, Taj al-Muluk Buri. The Burids gained recognition from the Abbasid caliphate in return for considerable gifts. In return, the caliphate did not interfere in the emirate.[2]

The Burids ruled the city until 1154, when it was taken by the ruler of Aleppo, Nur ed-Din, founder of the Zengid dynasty.[3]

The Burids lost to the Crusaders in the battle of Marj al-Saffar (1126) but were able to prevent the Second Crusade from capturing Damascus.[citation needed]

Coinage of the Burid ruler Shihab al-Din Mahmud (1135-1140). Dimashq mint, dated AH 533 (1138-9 CE). This coin gives Shihab al-Din’s full name and patronymic, as well as citing his Seljuq overlords, Sanjar and Mas‘ud, and the Abbasid caliph, al-Muqtafi (called here al-Imam, "the Priest").[4]

Burid emirs of Damascus

More information Titular Name(s) (Laqab), Personal Name ...

Family Tree

Burid Dynasty
Zahir al-Din
Tughtekin

(1)
r. 1104-1128
Taj al-Muluk
Buri

(2)
r. 1128-1132
Shams al-Mulk
Isma'il

(3)
r. 1132-1135
Shihab al-Din
Mahmud

(4)
r. 1135-1139
Jamal al-Din
Muhammad

(5)
r. 1139-1140
Mujir al-Din
Abaq

(6)
r. 1140-1154

See also


References

  1. D.S. Richards, The Chronicle of Ibn Al-Athir for the Crusading Period from Al-Kamil Fi'l-ta-Ta'rikh, (Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2010), 16.
  2. Burids, R. LeTourneau, The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. H.A.R. Gibb, J.H. Kramers, É. Lévi-Provençal and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 1332.
  3. Medieval Islamic Civilization: L-Z, Ed. Josef W. Meri, Jere L. Bacharach, (Taylor & Francis, 2006), 568.
  4. Obverse: al-amir Shihab al-Din Mahmud bin Buri in inner marginal legend; al-Imam / al-Muqtafi in field.Reverse: Sanjar / wa Mas‘ud in two lines across field. Album 782 (RRR); ICV 883.

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