The Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Russian: Бурятская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика, romanized: Buryatskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika; Buryat: Буряадай Автономито Совет Социалис Республика, romanized: Buryadai Avtonomito Sovet Sotsialis Respublika), abbreviated as Buryat ASSR (Russian: Бурятская АССР; Buryat: Буряадай АССР), was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union.

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Quick Facts Бурятская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика (Russian)Буряадай Автономито Совет Социалис Республика (Buryat), Anthem ...

Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Бурятская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика (Russian) Буряадай Автономито Совет Социалис Республика (Buryat)
ASSR of the Russian SFSR
1923–1990
Flag Coat of arms
Location of the Buryat ASSR within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Anthem
Песня о Родной Земле Song of the Native Land (unofficial, 1983-1990)
Capital	Ulan-Ude
Demonym	Buryat
Area
• 1923	69,857 km2 (26,972 sq mi)
Population
• 1923	118,000
Government
• Motto	Бухы Оронуудай Пролетаринар, Нэгэдэгты!
History
• Established	30 May 1923
• Disestablished	1990
Preceded by Succeeded by RSFSR    Republic of Buryatia

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In May 1923, the republic was created with the name Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic; ^[1] its predecessor was the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Oblast [ru]. When the republic was formed, "Buryat-Mongolian" language was declared the official language. In 1958, the name "Mongol" was removed from the name of the republic, as a result of Mao Zedong’s attempt to extend China’s influence over Mongol peoples.^[2]

In May 1929, the Party Central Committee decreed that Buryat agriculture would undergo "socialist reorganization" - Buryat resistance to the collectivist policy was fierce, with Buryat herders slaughtering their livestock rather than allowing them to be confiscated.^[3] Nevertheless, traditional livelihoods were forcibly altered under Soviet policy. Nomads were forcibly resettled on collectivist farms of cattle and sheep, trappers were made to rear sable in captivity, and Buryat hunters were forced to live in Party-approved "hunting stations".

In the 1930s, Buryat-Mongolia was one of the sites of Soviet studies aimed to disprove Nazi race theories. Amongst other things, Soviet physicians studied the "endurance and fatigue levels" of Russian, Buryat-Mongol, and Russian-Buryat-Mongol workers to prove that all three groups were equally able.^[4]

During World War II, the head of the ASSR was Gunsyn Tsydenova.^[5]

The Buryat ASSR declared its sovereignty in 1990 and adopted the name Republic of Buryatia in 1992. However, it remained an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

• Buryatia
• State of Buryat-Mongolia
• First Secretary of the Buryat Communist Party