The CAF Urbos is a family of trams, streetcars, and light rail vehicles built by CAF. The Spanish manufacturer CAF previously made locomotives, passenger cars, regional, and underground trains. In 1993, CAF started building trams for Metrovalencia, with the delivery of 16 trams until 1999. This was a variant of a Siemens design and some components were delivered by Siemens, including bogies and traction motors. This design was also sold to Lisbon Trams in 1995; CAF then decided to design and build the Urbos in-house.

There are three generations of the CAF Urbos, namely the Urbos 1, Urbos 2, and Urbos 3. The first generation was ordered by the Bilbao tram operator, who received eight trams between 2002 and 2004. The second generation was sold to other operators in Spain, and the third generation is sold in Spain, elsewhere in Europe, the United States, Australia and in the UK. Manufacturing locations include Beasain, Zaragoza and Linares, Spain; Elmira, New York, USA; Hortolandia, Brazil; Newport, UK; Huehuetoca, Mexico; and Bagnères-de-Bigorre, France.^[1]

This series was only sold to Euskotren Tranbia to operate tram services in Bilbao.^[2] The original Bilbao tram system was shut down in 1964 and the second generation opened in December 2002 with extensions in 2004.^[3]

• Bilbao tram: 8 bidirectional trams, numbered 401–408^[3] and locally designated the Euskotren 400 series. 70% low-floor trams with 3 bogies on 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge.^[4]

The CAF Urbos 3 is the successor of the Urbos 2; all new sales are of Urbos 3. The standard variants, the Urbos 100 and Urbos 70, have either a 100% or 70% low floor design, respectively, and a maximum speed of 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph). The tram type is offered in metre gauge and standard gauge and allows for a tram width of 2,300, 2,400 or 2,650 mm (7 ft 6+9⁄16 in, 7 ft 10+1⁄2 in or 8 ft 8+5⁄16 in). Trams can be assembled from 3, 5, 7 or (only for the Urbos 100) 9 modules, with the length ranging between 23 and 56 metres (75 and 184 ft).^[7]

CAF has developed an option to build 'Greentech Freedrive' lithium-ion supercapacitors and batteries into the Urbos 3,^[8] allowing brief operation without an external electrical supply.^[9] This ACR system (Acumulador de Carga Rápida) allowed the tramway operator in Seville to remove the overhead wires in key locations during Holy Week 2011.^[10] It has also been used in Luxembourg, Granada, Zaragoza and the West Midlands.^[11]

Urbos TT

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The Urbos TT series is built with tram-train technology, connecting existing heavy rail infrastructure directly to urban tramway systems.^[7]

• Cádiz, Spain (7 vehicles)

Urbos LRV

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A three-section articulated car supported by three bogies, the LRV variant of Urbos is designed for the North American market and is customizable.

• Houston, Texas, USA (39 vehicles)^[62]