Cabinet of Blagoje Nešković (also known as the People's Government of Serbia) was the first Government of the Federated State of Serbia, and the first Serbian Government after the liberation of this country from the Nazi occupation. It was formed on April 9, 1945 on a session of the People's Assembly. It was dissolved on November 22, 1946, after the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia was declared, and after a new Constitution was adopted. After its dissolution, a new cabinet was formed, headed by the same Prime Minister.

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Cabinet of Blagoje Nešković
1st Cabinet of Socialist Serbia
1945–1946
Emblem of Socialist Serbia
Date formed	April 9, 1945
Date dissolved	November 22, 1946
People and organisations
Head of state	Siniša Stanković
Head of government	Blagoje Nešković
Member parties	Communists Party of Yugoslavia (CPY), People's Peasant Party (PPP), Non-Party members
History
Successor	Cabinet of Blagoje Nešković II

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Due to the fact that this cabinet was formed before the declaration of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia, and before the adoption of a new Constitution, the term used for a person in charge of a Government department was not a "Minister", but a "Trustee".

• Cabinet of Serbia
• People's Republic of Serbia
• Communists Party of Yugoslavia
• League of Communists of Serbia