Caipiras are a traditional people from the Centre-South of Brazil, the term "caipira" probably originating from Tupi language, originally means "bush cutter", having been identified as a printed symbol for the first time in 1872.^[1] The first Caipiras were the bandeirantes,^[2] who received this denomination through the Guaianá people who inhabited the region of the Médio Tietê, in São Paulo.^[3]

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With the Bandeirismo and tropeirismo cycle, the term reached populations of the former Captaincy of São Vicente (later Captaincy of São Paulo), which today are the states of Santa Catarina, Paraná, Goiás, São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Rondônia, and Rio Grande do Sul, and also parts of southern Rio de Janeiro, such as Paraty, which was part of São Paulo until 1727,^[4] and parts of Uruguay which were disputed with Spain.

Over time, part of this large territory, which continued to be occupied by the Bandeirantes Paulistas, was characterised as a cultural area called Paulistânia,^[5][6] grouping together elements of caipira culture in states in the South, Southeast, and Centre-West of Brazil.

• Caboclos
• Caipira dialect
• Caipira guitar
• Caipira music
• Caipirinha, alcoholic drink whose name is a diminutive of caipira.
• Caiçaras
• Gauchos
• Ribeirinhos