The Calle de Atocha is a street in Madrid, Spain. It constitutes a major axis within the Centro District.

It roughly defines an axis cutting through the old city town from northwest to southeast,^[1] straddling along the border between the current Embajadores and Cortes neighborhoods for part of its total 1.3 km long length.^[2] It starts at the Plaza de Santa Cruz, ending at the Plaza del Emperador Carlos V.^[3]

Along the initial stretch, closer to the royal palace, chiefly residential housing was erected, with some later conventual additions.^[1] Meanwhile, the lower, southeasternmost end of the street was chiefly purposed for Hospital buildings already since the foundation of the Hospital of Antón Martín in the mid-16th century.^[1] Linked since ancient times to the Spanish Crown,^[4] it was the regular route of the traditional royal weekly ceremonies with the monarchs moving to the Sanctuary of Atocha.^[5]

• Detail of the street in the Teixeira map (17th century)
• The street as portrayed by Antonio Joli (18th century)

• 1977 Atocha massacre