Carnock

Carnock

Carnock

Village and parish of Fife, Scotland

Carnock (Scottish Gaelic: A' Chàrnaich) is a village and parish of Fife, Scotland, 4+1⁄4 miles (7 kilometres) west of Dunfermline.[2] It is 1+1⁄4 miles (2 kilometres) east of Oakley, Fife. The name of the village derives from Scottish Gaelic, from ceàrn ("corner"), with a suffix denoting a toponym, thus giving "[the] corner place".[3] Carnock is known to have had military significance in antiquity. The civil parish had a population of 5,927 as of 2011.[4]

Quick Facts Population, OS grid reference ...

Notable places

The old parish church and monument to John Row

On the Main Street of Carnock lies a Parish church which was built in 1840, though in the nearby kirkyard lies the remains of the original 12th-century church which was rebuilt in 1602.

Nextdoor to the church is Carnock Primary School, this school serves both Carnock and Gowkhall. The school was built in 1864 with an extension added in 1912 by James Shearer[5] and another in 2007. The main building consists of 4 classrooms and a medway hut used for various purposes.

Carnock Olympian:- Former pupil at Carnock Primary was Debbie Knox part of the Gold Medal winning team at the Winter Olympics in Curling at Salt Lake City. She did come back to the school to show her Medal to the pupils and crown the Gala Queen.

On Main Street is the 16th-century The Carnock Inn, one of the oldest buildings in the village, which became a public house in 1884. Next door to the Pub is a local craft shop / studio in what used to be the village Post Office . Now Oakley serves as the Post Office for Carnock.

The village also boasts a Community Centre built in 2005 and available for hire via Fife council.

History

In 1774 upon Carneil hill, near Carnock, several urns containing Roman coinage were discovered. [6] It is believed[by whom?] that the local inhabitants, the Horestii, unsuccessfully defended this location against the Roman general Gnaeus Julius Agricola. The local names Easter Camps and Wester Camps were suspected by Thomson to originate from this time as reported by Lewis.[7][8]

Another native fort is located at the nearby Craigluscar only two miles (three kilometres) away. Subsequent Roman encampments are suspected three miles (five kilometres) east of Dunfermline and a large camp at Loch Ore.

The pre-Reformation church of St Caernach (which gives its name to the village) was run by the red friars of Scotlandwell and dates from 1250.[9] The church continued in use after the Reformation and was rebuilt in 1602 and 1641 before being abandoned in 1840 when a new church was built by John Henderson.[10]

After the Reformation in 1560 the church in Carnock was under the control variously of Saline to the north and Dunfermline to the east. Only in 1592 did it get its own minister, the ecclesiastical historian John Row, who served the parish until 1645. He was succeeded by Rev George Belfrage who translated from Culross in 1647. He died and was replaced by John Shaw in 1664 who was translated to Kinnaird, Perthshire in 1679. His successor Thomas Marshall was deprived of office in 1689 for not signing the National Covenant. William Innes was minister 1693 to 1696. In 1699 James Hog took over and was a noted theological author. Daniel Hunter succeeded him in 1730, also serving as chaplain to the local family of Col Erskine. He died in 1739.[11]

The parish was then overseen by Rev Thomas Gillespie from 1741 to 1752. Thomas Gillespie was founder of the Relief Synod which was latterly incorporated into the United Presbyterian Church. Gillespie was followed by Rev Thomas Adie in 1753 who died in 1780 and was replaced by Rev Alexander Thomson who died in 1826 to be replaced briefly by Robert Thomson. In 1827 Rev William Gilston took over. Gilston was responsible for the building of the new church in 1840 but moved to the Free Church of Scotland in the Disruption of 1843 and was minister there until death in 1881 (a ministry in Carnock of 55 years!). Meanwhile the Church of Scotland placed Rev Adam Black Douglas in their church from 1843.[12]

Transport

The village has two bus stops.

  • Eastbound Traveline Code : 34325459
  • Westbound Traveline Code : 34325439

Services run from Dunfermline bus station serving Gowkhall, Oakley and Saline, Fife.

Notes

  1. [1]
    "Mid-2020 Population Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland". National Records of Scotland. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  2. [2]
    Samuel Lewis (1851). A Topographical Dictionary of Scotland: Comprising the Several Counties, Islands, Cities, Burgh and Market Towns, Parishes, and Principal Villages, with Historical and Statistical Descriptions: Embellished with Engravings of the Seals and Arms of the Different Burghs and Universities. S. Lewis and Company. pp. 194–.
  3. [3]
    "Carnock". Fife Place-name Data. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
  4. [4]
    Census of Scotland 2011, Table KS101SC – Usually Resident Population, publ. by National Records of Scotland. Web site http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ retrieved March 2016. See “Standard Outputs”, Table KS101SC, Area type: Civil Parish 1930
  5. [5]
    McConnachie, Siobhan (2003). "James Shearer and the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board". Architectural Heritage. 14. Architectural Heritage Society of Scotland / Edinburgh University Press: 104. ISSN 1350-7524.
  6. [6]
    Gilston, William (1845). The New statistical account of Scotland. Vol. 9. William Blackwood And Sons: Edinburgh And London. pp. 690-716.
  7. [7]
    Thomson, Alexander (1791). (Old) Statistical Account of Scotland. Vol. 11. Edinburgh: W. Creech. pp. 479–499.
  8. [8]
    Lewis, Samuel (1851). A topographical dictionary of Scotland, comprising the several counties, islands, cities, burgh and market towns, parishes, and principal villages, with historical and statistical descriptions: embellished with engravings of the seals and arms of the different burghs and universities. Vol. 1. London: S. Lewis and co. p. 194.
  9. [9]
    Groome, Francis Hindes (1894). "Carnock". Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Thomas C. Jack. p. 240.
  10. [10]
    Buildings of Scotland: Fife by John Gifford
  11. [11]
    Scott, Hew (1925). Fasti ecclesiae scoticanae; the succession of ministers in the Church of Scotland from the reformation. Vol. 5. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd. pp. 7-8.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  12. [12]
    Scott, Hew (1925). Fasti ecclesiae scoticanae; the succession of ministers in the Church of Scotland from the reformation. Vol. 5. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd. pp. 9-12.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

See also

Carnock's listed buildings

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