Chaeremon of Alexandria (/kəˈriːmən, -mɒn/; Greek: Χαιρήμων ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς, gen.: Ancient Greek: Χαιρήμονος; fl. 1st century AD) was a Stoic philosopher and historian^[1] who wrote on Egyptian mythology from a "typically Stoic" perspective.^[2] All of Chaeremon's works are lost, though a number of fragments are quoted by later authors.^[2] Three titles are preserved: the History of Egypt, Hieroglyphika, and On Comets, with another fragment quoted from an unknown grammatical treatise of his.^[2] According to the Suda, he was the head of the Alexandrian school of grammarians, and he may also have been head of the Museion.^[2]

He was probably one of the ambassadors to Claudius from Alexandria in 40 AD.^[2] He also taught Nero, probably before 49 AD when Seneca the Younger became Nero's tutor.^[2] He may have been the grandson of the Chaeremon who accompanied the Roman prefect Aelius Gallus on his tour of Egypt in 26 AD.^[1] His father – about whom nothing is known – was called Leonidas, and he was probably born no later than 10 AD.^[1]

One of the poems from Martial's eleventh book of Epigrams mocks Chaeremon; as Martial did not usually attack living figures Chaeremon presumably died before 96 AD when Epigrams XI was published.^[2]