Chen began his political career by running for a seat on the Kaohsiung City Council. After losing that election, he moved from Kaohsiung.[3] Chen served as the spokesperson for the Taiwan Statebuilding Party (then known as Taiwan Radical Wings) and supported a recall movement against Kaohsiung City Mayor Han Kuo-yu. Throughout his political career, he has been a vocal supporter of Taiwan independence.[4]
In the 2020 legislative elections, Chen defeated Kuomintang incumbent Yen Kuan-heng in the Taichung City Constituency II becoming the first Taiwan Statebuilding Party legislator. His candidacy was supported by the Democratic Progressive Party and filmmaker Wu Nien-jen.[5]
In late 2020, Chen stood with Democratic Progressive Party to support the import of American pork with ractopamine.[6]
A proposal to recall Chen from office collected 3,744 valid signatures by 5 March 2021,[7]
and 36,073 valid signatures by 2 July 2021,[8] prompting the Central Election Commission to tentatively schedule a recall election for 28 August, the same date as the originally scheduled 2021 Taiwanese referendum. Due to effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, the CEC announced on 16 July 2021 that Chen's recall election [zh] would be postponed to 23 October 2021.[9] A week before the recall vote, groups supporting Chen participated in a march starting at Zushi Temple in Qingshui.[10] Chen became the first Taiwanese member of the Legislative Yuan to be successfully recalled, ending his term less than two years into office.[11] Votes for Chen's recall numbered 77,899, against 73,433 opposing his recall. Votes supporting the recall topped 25% of the eligible electorate (73,744), with 51.72 percent voter turnout.[12] Per Article 92 of the Civil Servants Election and Recall Act, Chen will be ineligible to run for the Legislative Yuan in Taichung's second district for the next four years.[3][13]
Chen was officially dismissed from the Legislative Yuan on 28 October 2021.[14] Lin Ching-yi ran to succeed Chen, and he was secretary-general of her legislative campaign.[15] In July 2022, Chen left the Taiwan Statebuilding Party, and joined the Taichung mayoral campaign of Democratic Progressive Party candidate Tsai Chi-chang.[16]