Chief_Ministers_of_Tamil_Nadu

List of chief ministers of Tamil Nadu

List of chief ministers of Tamil Nadu

Chief ministers of Tamil Nadu

The Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu is the chief executive of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. In accordance with the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.[2]

Quick Facts Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Style ...

Since 1950, Tamil Nadu has had 12 chief ministers, 13 including V. R. Nedunchezhiyan, who twice acted in the role. The longest-serving chief minister, M. Karunanidhi from Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam held the office for over eighteen years in multiple tenures, while he was the one who had the largest gap between two terms (nearly thirteen years). The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam's former general secretary J. Jayalalithaa has the second-longest tenure, and its founder M. G. Ramachandran, the first actor to become the chief minister in India has the third-longest tenure, while his wife V. N. Janaki Ramachandran has the shortest tenure (only 23 days). K. Kamaraj resigned his post of his own free will and devoted all of his energy to the revitalization of the Indian National Congress party; he was responsible for the elevation of Lal Bahadur Shastri to the position of Prime Minister of the Republic of India following the death of Jawaharlal Nehru and of Indira Gandhi following the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri. C. Rajagopalachari served as the last Governor-General of the Union of India before becoming chief minister of undivided Madras State. There have been four instances of president's rule in Tamil Nadu, most recently in 1991.[3][4]

The current incumbent is M. K. Stalin of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam since 7 May 2021.

List of chief ministers

The Madras Presidency, headquartered in Fort St. George, India, was a presidency of India that comprised present day Tamil Nadu, the Malabar region of North Kerala, the coastal and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, and the Bellary, Dakshina Kannada, and Udupi districts of Karnataka. It was established in 1653 to be the headquarters of the English settlements on the Coromandel Coast.

The territory under the presidency comprised only Madrasapattinam and its surrounding regions. But, after the Anglo-French wars and the consequent alliance between the English East India Company and the Nawab of Arcot, it was expanded to comprise the region from the Northern Circars to Cape Comorin. The governance structure also evolved from a modest secretariat with a single secretary for the Public Department in 1670 to six departments overseen by a chief secretary by 1920.

The Indian Councils Act 1861 set up the Madras Legislative Council as an advisory body, without powers, through which the colonial administration obtained advice and assistance from able and willing Indian business leaders. But membership was selected (not elected) and was not representative of the masses.

With the enactment of the Government of India Act 1919, the first legislature was formed in 1920 after general elections.[5] The term of the legislative council was three years. It had 132 members, of whom 34 were nominated by the governor and the rest were elected. Under the Government of India Act 1935, a bicameral legislature was set up with a legislative assembly consisting of 215 members and a legislative council having 56 members. The first legislative assembly under this act was constituted in July 1937. The legislative council was a permanent body, with a third of its members retiring every 3 years and having the power to decide on bills passed by the assembly.[6]

In 1939, the Governor-General of India declared India's entry into World War II without consulting the Imperial Legislative Council. The Indian National Congress protested by asking all its elected representatives to resign from governments.[7] Then it came back to power in 1946 after new provincial elections.[8]

The state of Tamil Nadu in India has an electorate of more than 70 million people (7 crore).[9]
Madras Presidency in 1909, showing in the southern portion of India.
Since 1920, Fort St. George has been the Chief Secretariat of Tamil Nadu.
More information First Ministers (1920–37) and Prime Ministers of the Madras Presidency, No. ...
Timeline
P. S. Kumaraswamy RajaO. P. Ramaswamy ReddiyarT. PrakasamVacantC. RajagopalachariKurma Venkata Reddy NaiduP. T. RajanRamakrishna Ranga RaoB. Munuswamy NaiduP. SubbarayanPanaganti RamarayaningarA. Subbarayalu Reddiar
Development after independence

Madras State, the precursor to the present-day state of Tamil Nadu, was created after India became a republic on 26 January 1950.[11] It comprised present-day Tamil Nadu and parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala. The first legislature of the Madras State to be elected on the basis of universal suffrage was constituted on 1 March 1952, after the general elections held in January 1952.[12]

The state was split up along linguistic lines in 1953, carving out Andhra State. Under the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the states of Kerala, and Mysore State were carved out of Madras State. Under the Andhra Pradesh and Madras Alteration of Boundaries Act, 1959, with effect from 1 April 1960, Tiruttani taluk and Pallipattu sub-taluk of Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh were transferred to Madras in exchange for territories from the Chingelput and Salem districts.[5][13]

More information Chief Ministers of Madras State, No. ...
Change in nomenclature

During the term of the fourth assembly on 18 July 1967, the house unanimously adopted and recommended that steps be taken by the state government to secure the necessary amendment to the Constitution of India to change the name of Madras State to Tamil Nadu. Accordingly, the Madras State (Alteration of Name) Act, 1968 (Central Act 53 of 1968) was passed by the Parliament of India and came into force on 14 January 1969.[14] Consequently, the nomenclature "Madras Legislative Assembly" was changed to "Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly". From 1967 onward, the strength of the assembly continued to remain at 234 plus a nominated member.

From 1952 to 1986, the state had a parliamentary system of government with two democratically elected houses, the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. On 14 May 1986, the state government passed a resolution to abolish the legislative council in the state, which was then moved and adopted by the house. On 1 November 1986, Tamil Nadu became a state with a unicameral legislature, and since then, several times, the state government has taken steps to reconstitute the legislative council, but they have failed for so long. The Tamil Nadu Legislative Council has not been constituted in the state till date.

More information Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu, No. ...
Timeline
M. K. StalinEdappadi K. PalaniswamiO. PanneerselvamJ. JayalalithaaV. N. Janaki RamachandranM. G. RamachandranVacantM. KarunanidhiV. R. NedunchezhiyanC. N. AnnaduraiM. BhakthavatsalamK. KamarajC. RajagopalachariP. S. Kumaraswamy Raja

Statistics

List of chief ministers by length of term
More information No., Name ...
List by party
More information No., Political party ...
Parties by total duration (in days) of holding Chief Minister's Office
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
AIADMK
DMK
INC
M. K. StalinEdappadi K. PalaniswamiO. PanneerselvamJ. JayalalithaaV. N. Janaki RamachandranM. G. RamachandranM. KarunanidhiV. R. NedunchezhiyanC. N. AnnaduraiM. BhakthavatsalamK. KamarajC. RajagopalachariP. S. Kumaraswamy Raja

Depictions in media

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Fictional Chief Ministers in media

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See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chief ministers of Tamil Nadu.

Notes

  1. This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.

References

  1. [1]
    "Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu". Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  2. [2]
    Durga Das Basu. Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th Edition, 2011 Reprint. pp. 241, 245. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Tamil Nadu as well.
  3. [3]
    Archive.org — Government of Tamil Nadu — Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu since 1920
  4. [4]
    Government of Tamil Nadu — Assemblies — An Overview Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  5. [5]
    "Government of Tamil Nadu — Tamil Nadu Secretariat — Brief History".
  6. [6]
    "Legislative bodies of India - Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly". Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2006.
  7. [7]
    "The Telegraph - Own Goal - Partition became inevitable once the Congress resigned in 1939".
  8. [8]
    "Pakistan - Toward Partition". www.country-data.com.
  9. [9]
    Mariappan, Julie (31 May 2013). "Tamil Nadu population rises to 7.2 crore in a decade". The Times of India. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  10. [10]
    The ordinal number of the term being served by the person specified in the row in the corresponding period
  11. [11]
    "Introduction to Constitution of India". Ministry of Law and Justice of India. 29 July 2008. Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
  12. [12]
    Government of Tamil Nadu — The State Legislature — Origin and Evolution Archived 13 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  13. [13]
    Historical Importance of Kanchipuram Archived 18 May 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  14. [14]
    Sundari, Dr. S. (2007). Migrant women and urban labour market: concepts and case studies. p. 105. ISBN 9788176299664.
  15. [15]
    "இரு கோடுகள்: புன்னகை மன்னன் பூவிழிக் கண்ணன் ருக்மணிக்காக..." Hindu Tamil Thisai (in Tamil). 2 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
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