Chilean_general_election,_2013

2013 Chilean general election

2013 Chilean general election

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General elections were held in Chile on 17 November 2013, including presidential, parliamentary and regional elections. Voters went to the polls to elect:

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All the newly elected authorities began their terms on 11 March 2014.

In the presidential election, former president Michelle Bachelet fell short of the absolute majority needed for an outright win. In the runoff election, held on 15 December, she beat former senator and Minister of Labor Evelyn Matthei with over 62% of the vote, with turnout significantly lower than in the first round.

In the parliamentary elections, the New Majority coalition (backing Bachelet's candidacy) won back control of both chambers of Congress, winning 12 of the 20 contested seats in the Senate, for a total of 21 out of 38 total seats, and 67 of the 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies.

These were the first presidential and parliamentary elections in which all eligible voters were automatically enrolled, and where voting was no longer mandatory. Members of the regional boards were directly elected for the first time.

Timeline

Notable events and dates.[1][2]

  • 30 June 2013: Primaries held simultaneously nationwide. Michelle Bachelet and Pablo Longueira win their respective primaries for president.
  • 17 July 2013: Longueira quits the race.
  • 20 July 2013: UDI picks Evelyn Matthei to replace Longueira.
  • 19 August 2013: Deadline to register candidacies.
  • 9 October 2013: First debate. Bachelet does not participate.
  • 18 October 2013: Campaign advertising starts.
  • 25 October 2013: Radio debate.
  • 29–30 October 2013: Two-day television debate.
  • 14 November 2013: Campaign advertising ends.
  • 17 November 2013: Election takes place.
  • 22 November 2013: The Electoral Service publishes on its website a revised count made by polling officers the day after the election.
  • 1 December 2013: Runoff campaign advertising starts.
  • 3 December 2013: The Election Court (Tricel) publishes the final results of the first round election in the Official Gazette and calls for a runoff election between the top two candidates.
  • 6 December 2013: Radio debate.
  • 10 December 2013: Television debate.
  • 12 December 2013: Runoff campaign advertising ends.
  • 15 December 2013: Runoff election.
    • Polls close at 6 PM nationwide.
    • At about 7 PM, Matthei concedes defeat, telling reporters outside her home: "It is clear, she has won".[3]
    • At about 7:20 PM Matthei gives her concession speech.[3]
  • 17 December 2013: The Electoral Service publishes on its website a revised count made by polling officers the day after the election.
  • 10 January 2014: The Tricel officially proclaims Bachelet as President-Elect during a ceremony in Santiago, and publishes the final results of the second round election on its website.
  • 11 March 2014: The President-elect takes office in a ceremony at the National Congress in Valparaíso.

Presidential primaries

In December 2012 a law was published allowing political parties or coalitions to define their candidates for president in government-run primary elections. The two main political groups agreed to choose their candidates this way. Former president Michelle Bachelet won the New Majority primary with 73% of the vote, while former senator and minister Pablo Longueira won the Alliance primary with 51%. Longueira subsequently quit the race and was replaced with Evelyn Matthei. Sitting president Sebastián Piñera did not stand for re-election due to term limits.

Presidential candidates

List of candidates who officially registered their candidacies at the Electoral Service. All candidacies were accepted on 28 August 2013.[4] Bachelet's candidacy was automatically accepted after she was proclaimed the winner of her primary by the Election Court.

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Unsuccessful candidacies

  • Eduardo Díaz (Ind.): The former mayor of Toltén and founder of the Party of the South (now defunct) is supported by the Alianza Independiente Regionalista (AIRE) movement.[30] By July 2013 he said he had collected around 28 thousand signatures.[31] However, he did not officially register his candidacy before the legal deadline of 19 August 2013.
  • Pablo Longueira (UDI): The former Minister of Economy and senator became the Alliance candidate for president after he beat Andrés Allamand from the National Renewal party in a two-party primary held on 30 June 2013.[5] However, on 17 July 2013 he unexpectedly quit the race after being diagnosed with depression.[32]
  • Gustavo Ruz (Ind.): Sociologist and founder of the Movement for a Constituent Assembly was selected by said group as their candidate on 14 May 2013.[33] On 19 August 2013 he stepped out of the race, having collected only 27 thousand signatures out of the necessary 36 thousand.[34]

Opinion polls for presidential race

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First-round scenarios

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Second-round scenarios

Bachelet vs. Matthei

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Presidential campaign

Debates

First round

All nine candidates during the Anatel debate.

The first debate was organized by ANP (National Press Association) and CNN Chile and took place in Coquimbo's Enjoy Casino on 9 October. It ran from 20:00-22:00 with all candidates —except Bachelet, citing a prior commitment— participating.[35] It was moderated by CNN Chile anchor Daniel Matamala. There were four other journalists from regional media present who asked the candidates two randomly selected questions. Matamala also asked two questions, which were the same to all eight candidates.[36]

A radio debate organized by the Radio Broadcasters Association of Chile (Archi), took place on 25 October 2013 at the Gabriela Mistral Cultural Centre (GAM) in Santiago. The debate, which featured all nine candidates for the first time, was broadcast by over 600 radio stations across the country. It started at 8 AM and lasted for about 140 minutes. It was moderated by Archi president Luis Pardo and included four radio journalists: Sergio Campos (Cooperativa), Cony Stipicic (Duna), Mauricio Bustamente (Infinita) and Alejandro de la Carrera (Agricultura).[37][38]

A series of two consecutive televised debates were organized by the National Television Association (Anatel) and broadcast by all national terrestrial television stations. All nine candidates participated, as well. The first part of the debate aired on 29 October 2013, with a second part transmitted the next day. Both shows took place at TVN's studios in Santiago, beginning at 10 PM and running for over two hours. Former Anatel president Bernardo Donoso served as moderator. The journalists for the first day were Constanza Santa María (Canal 13), Soledad Onetto (Mega) and Claudio Elórtegui (UCV-TV); while the journalists for the second day were Beatriz Sánchez (La Red), Iván Núñez (Chilevisión) and Mauricio Bustamante (TVN).[39][40]

Runoff

A radio debate on 6 December 2013 was organized by Archi.[41][better source needed] A television debate organized by Anatel was held 10 December 2013.[42][better source needed]

Results

President

Ballot used in the first round
Ballot used in the runoff
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Senate

Ballot used in the Senate election in Coquimbo region.

Senators are elected for eight-year mandates, and roughly half of the Senate is renewed every four years. On this election, ten out of 19 senatorial constituencies were contested. As each constituency elects two representatives, this results in 20 new senators.

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Chamber of Deputies

Ballot used in the deputies election.
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Regional boards

Ballot used in the regional board election in Magallanes province

Provisional results including 99.92% of ballot boxes. There were 41,349 ballot boxes for the regional boards election. The results above are a revised count made by the polling officers the following day.

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Reactions

Following the result of the first round election, Bachelet said: "We knew that it would be tough to win on the first round, we worked really hard, and we almost did it. We did win tonight, and we are going to work hard to win comfortably in December."[43] Following the first round, both candidates offered no change in aggressive campaigning for the second round except to include young MPs elected in their campaign. Matthei did however compare her politices that of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Bachelet's to that of the former East Germany. While Green Ecologist Party's candidate Alfredo Sfeir was the only losing first-round candidate to back one of the two second-round candidates, in his case Michelle Bachelet,[44] independent candidate Franco Parisi said "Bachelet will be a great President, (...) Matthei would do bad for Chile, she is not to be trusted."[45]

U.S. President Barack Obama spoke with Bachelet, while the White House issued a statement that read: "The President expressed his desire to continue strengthening the relationship between the United States and Chile, building on the close partnership he enjoyed with President-elect...The President looks forward to working closely with President-elect Bachelet to advance our shared interests in the years ahead."[46]

Analysis

Though Bachelet's New Majority gained a majority of seats in the legislature, it failed to gain a four-sevenths majority required to pass legislation for her cornerstone education reform, which was the reason for mass mobilisation amidst the ongoing 2011–13 Chilean student protests. They also failed to get a two-thirds majority to restructure the 1981 constitution of Chile enacted during the Augusto Pinochet regime. Wake Forest political science Professor Peter Siavelis suggested: "The [congressional elections] result will surely be disappointing for Bachelet. Social movements that have spilled onto the streets are demanding reform, yet the limits of the institutional structure of Chile are going to limit her capacity to engage in reform. Even though Bachelet may be the winner tonight she is not in an enviable position."[43] The Washington Post said that Bachelet's "legacy now rides on her ability to craft a coalition for far-reaching structural and particularly political reform." It also questioned what a low turnout could mean for her mandate, which it said was not clear enough as she had to go to a second round.[44] The Huffington Post drew the 40th anniversary of the 11 September coup as a more than subtle backdrop to the election while saying the election was a referendum on Pinochet.[47]

Notes

  1. The New Majority coalition split into two lists for this election. The names in Spanish are similar and both translate as "New Majority for Chile". The list obtaining the most votes is called Nueva Mayoría para Chile, while the other list is called Nueva Mayoría por Chile.

References

  1. "Servicio Electoral". Servel.cl. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  2. "Minuto a minuto: Piñera visitó a Matthei tras su derrota en 2ª vuelta (fin)". Emol.com. 15 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  3. "Servicio Electoral ratifica las declaraciones de todas las candidaturas presidenciales | Política". La Tercera. 28 August 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  4. "Bachelet Wins Primary for Chile President - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  5. "Economista Marcel Claude lanza su candidatura presidencial | Negocios". La Tercera. 26 January 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  6. "Partido Humanista proclama a economista Marcel Claude como candidato presidencial - Nacional - BioBioChile". Nacional.biobiochile.cl. Archived from the original on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  7. "Marcel Claude inscribe oficialmente su candidatura presidencial en el Servel | Política". La Tercera. 1 January 1990. Archived from the original on 13 August 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  8. "Marco Enríquez-Ominami lanzó oficialmente su candidatura presidencial | Política". La Tercera. 1 January 1990. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  9. Puntos Multimedia (5 May 2013). "Socialistas-Allendistas proclaman a ex diputado Marco Enríquez Ominami como candidato ...[+". Cambio21.cl. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  10. "Se oficializó la candidatura de Marco Enríquez-Ominami". CNN Chile. 13 July 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  11. "PRI proclama a Ricardo Israel como candidato presidencial | Política". La Tercera. 1 January 1990. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  12. "Ricardo Israel inscribe su candidatura presidencial por el PRI". Emol.com. 14 August 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  13. "Chile Primero decide retirar apoyo a candidatura presidencial de Tomas Jocelyn- Holt | Política". La Tercera. 1 January 1990. Archived from the original on 25 March 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  14. "Tomás Jocelyn-Holt inscribe su candidatura presidencial ante el Servel". Emol.com. 19 August 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  15. "UDI nomina a Evelyn Matthei como su candidata presidencial". Radio Bío-Bío. 20 July 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2013.
  16. "Roxana Miranda inscribe candidatura presidencial con 41 mil firmas | Política". La Tercera. 19 August 2013. Archived from the original on 20 August 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  17. "Con 52 mil firmas, Franco Parisi inscribe candidatura presidencial independiente | Política". La Tercera. 7 August 2013. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  18. "Alfredo Sfeir inscribió su candidatura: Es un momento histórico". Emol.com. 19 August 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  19. Nombre (17 July 2013). "Eduardo Díaz Herrera ya cuenta con 28 mil firmas para ser candidato presidencial | El Periodico". Elperiodico.cl. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  20. "Chilean right-wing presidential candidate drops bid | Reuters". Uk.reuters.com. 17 July 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  21. "Sin Bachelet, abanderados sostienen primer debate por TV". Diario.latercera.com. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  22. "nacion.cl - Sepa cómo será el debate presidencial de la ANP sin Bachelet". Lanacion.cl. 8 October 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  23. El Mercurio S.A.P. (22 October 2013). "Cómo será el debate ARCHI que reunirá por primera vez a los nueve candidatos presidenciales". LaSegunda.com. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  24. 24horas.cl (24 October 2013). "[MINUTO A MINUTO] Debate presidencial de la Archi - Decisión 2013 - 24horas". 24horas.cl. Retrieved 22 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  25. "nacion.cl - Reviva el minuto a minuto del primer debate de Anatel". Lanacion.cl. 30 October 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  26. "nacion.cl - Repase todo lo que dejó el segundo debate presidencial de Anatel". Lanacion.cl. 31 October 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  27. "Bachelet tops Chile president vote - Americas". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  28. "Parisi: "Bachelet va a hacer un gran Gobierno" | El Dínamo". Eldinamo.cl. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  29. David Jackson, USA TODAY (18 December 2013). "Obama calls president-elect of Chile". Usatoday.com. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  30. "Chile's Election: A Referendum on Pinochet | Gary Villablanca Duff". Huffingtonpost.com. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.

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