Chloroflexus

Chloroflexales

Chloroflexales

Order of bacteria

Chloroflexales is an order of bacteria in the class Chloroflexia.[1] The clade is also known as filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (FAP),[2] as the order contains phototrophs that do not produce oxygen. These bacteria are facultative aerobic.[3] They generally use chemotrophy when oxygen is present and switch to light-derived energy when otherwise. Most species are heterotrophs, but a few are capable of photoautotrophy.[2]

Quick Facts Scientific classification, Families ...

The order can be divided into two suborders. Chloroflexineae ("Green FAP", "green non-sulfur bacteria") is the better-known one. This suborder uses chlorosomes, a specialized antenna complex, to pass light energy to the reaction center. Roseiflexineae ("Red FAP") on the other hand has no such ability. The named colors are not absolute, as growth conditions such as oxygen concentration will make a green FAP appear green, brown, or reddish-orange by inducing changes in pigment composition.[2]

Taxonomy

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[4] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[5]

  • Suborder Roseiflexineae Gupta et al. 2013
    • Family Roseiflexaceae Gupta et al. 2013 ["Kouleotrichaceae" Mehrshad et al. 2018]
      • Genus "Kouleothrix" Kohno et al. 2002
      • Genus Heliothrix Pierson et al. 1986
      • Genus Roseiflexus Hanada et al. 2002
  • Suborder Chloroflexineae Gupta et al. 2013
    • Family Chloroflexaceae Gupta et al. 2013
      • Genus Candidatus Chloranaerofilum Thiel et al. 2016
      • Genus Chloroflexus Pierson & Castenholz 1974 ["Chlorocrinis"]
    • Family Oscillochloridaceae Gupta et al. 2013
      • Genus Candidatus Chloroploca Gorlenko et al. 2014
      • Genus Chloronema ♪ Dubinina & Gorlenko 1975
      • Genus Oscillochloris Gorlenko & Pivovarova 1989
      • Genus Candidatus Viridilinea Grouzdev et al. 2018

Phylogeny

16S rRNA based LTP_06_2022[6][7][8] 120 single copy marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214[9][10][11]
Herpetosiphonales
Chloroflexales
Roseiflexaceae

Roseiflexus

Chloroflexaceae

Heliothrix

Oscillochloris

Chloroflexus
Chloroflexales
Herpetosiphonaceae

Herpetosiphon

Roseiflexaceae

"Kouleothrix"

Roseiflexus

Chloroflexaceae

Chloroflexus

Oscillochloris

"Ca. Chloroploca"

"Ca. Viridilinea"

See also

References

  1. [1]
    Garrity, George M. (2001). Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. pp. 427–446. ISBN 978-0-387-21609-6.
  2. [2]
    Thweatt, Jennifer L.; Canniffe, Daniel P.; Bryant, Donald A. (2019). "Biosynthesis of chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls in green bacteria". Advances in Botanical Research. 90: 35–89. doi:10.1016/bs.abr.2019.03.002.
  3. [3]
    Gupta RS, Chander P, George S (2013). "Phylogenetic framework and molecular signatures for the class Chloroflexia and its different clades; proposal for division of the class Chloroflexia class. nov. [corrected] into the suborder Chloroflexineae subord. nov., consisting of the emended family Oscillochloridaceae and the family Chloroflexaceae fam. nov., and the suborder Roseiflexineae subord. nov., containing the family Roseiflexaceae fam. nov". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 103 (1): 99–119. doi:10.1007/s10482-012-9790-3. PMID 22903492.
  4. [4]
    J.P. Euzéby. "Chloroflexales". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2022-07-20.
  5. [5]
    Sayers; et al. "Chloroflexales". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-07-20.
  6. [6]
    "The LTP". Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  7. [7]
    "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  8. [8]
    "LTP_06_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  9. [9]
    "GTDB release 08-RS214". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  10. [10]
    "bac120_r214.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  11. [11]
    "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
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