Mozambique is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change.^[1][2][3] With a large proportion of the population living in low-lying areas, intensifying tropical cyclones, floods and storm surges are a significant threat.^[4][3] A 2015 study in Climatic Change estimated that climate change will contribute to the national economy being up to 13% smaller in 2050 compared to a fictional scenario without it, and that GDP is likely to shrink.^[5]

The government of Mozambique and civil society have identified areas for mitigation and adaptation, such as early warning systems for storms, investment in flood defences, resettlement schemes for at-risk communities and rebuilding destroyed settlements with improved disaster-resilient standards.^[3][6]