Climate_of_Romania
The climate of Romania is continental, transitioning into humid subtropical (locally often "warm oceanic" or "Pontic") on the eastern coast, influenced by polar intrusions, and therefore characterized by harsh winters. The mountain ranges of the Carpathian arc have a cool mountain climate with high humidity throughout the year.[1]
| Geography of Romania |
| Topography |
| Hydrography |
| Climate |
Rainfall, although adequate throughout the country, decreases from west to east and from mountains to plains. Some mountainous areas receive more than 1,010 mm (39.8 in) of precipitation each year. Annual precipitation averages about 635 mm (25 in) in central Transylvania, 521 mm (20.5 in) at Iaşi in Moldavia, and only 381 mm (15 in) at Constanţa on the Black Sea.
Summers in the country are generally very warm to hot, and temperatures over 35 °C (95 °F) are not unknown in the lower-lying areas of the country. Night time lows in Bucharest and other lower-lying areas are around 16 °C (60.8 °F), but at higher altitudes both maxima and minima decline considerably.
In the coldest months of winter (December and January) temperatures average between 3˚C and -15˚C. During winter, the skies are often cloudy and snowfall is quite common. In the plains of Romania there are about thirty days with snowfall per year.
The absolute minimum temperature was −38.5 °C (−37.3 °F), registered near Brașov in 1942. The absolute maximum temperature was 44.5 °C (112.1 °F), recorded at Ion Sion, Brăila County in 1951.[2]
More information Month, Jan ...
| Climate data for Romania | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) |
28.0 (82.4) |
32.8 (91.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
40.8 (105.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
44.3 (111.7) |
44.5 (112.1) |
43.5 (110.3) |
39.0 (102.2) |
30.5 (86.9) |
23.4 (74.1) |
44.5 (112.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −39.0 (−38.2) |
−38.0 (−36.4) |
−31.4 (−24.5) |
−26 (−15) |
−16 (3) |
−12 (10) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−15 (5) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
−30.8 (−23.4) |
−34.5 (−30.1) |
−39 (−38) |
| Source: National Meteorological Administration[2] | |||||||||||||
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More information Month, Jan ...
| Climate data for Bucharest (1981–2010, extremes 1929–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.1 (62.8) |
24.1 (75.4) |
29.0 (84.2) |
32.2 (90.0) |
36.9 (98.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
42.2 (108.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
38.5 (101.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
25.1 (77.2) |
18.4 (65.1) |
42.2 (108.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
5.5 (41.9) |
13.4 (56.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
27.0 (80.6) |
30.2 (86.4) |
32.0 (89.6) |
32.0 (89.6) |
29.8 (85.6) |
23.0 (73.4) |
12.8 (55.0) |
3.8 (38.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
0.4 (32.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.6 (69.1) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.9 (62.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
4.7 (40.5) |
0.2 (32.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
4.9 (40.8) |
9.6 (49.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
15.4 (59.7) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.5 (50.9) |
5.4 (41.7) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −32.2 (−26.0) |
−29.0 (−20.2) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
4.5 (40.1) |
7.4 (45.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−32.2 (−26.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 37 (1.5) |
37 (1.5) |
44 (1.7) |
50 (2.0) |
56 (2.2) |
83 (3.3) |
70 (2.8) |
56 (2.2) |
64 (2.5) |
53 (2.1) |
46 (1.8) |
48 (1.9) |
643 (25.3) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 13.7 (5.4) |
11.0 (4.3) |
10.5 (4.1) |
1.5 (0.6) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
8.8 (3.5) |
10.5 (4.1) |
56.0 (22.0) |
| Average rainy days | 6 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 109 |
| Average snowy days | 8 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 3 | 7 | 31 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 89 | 83 | 75 | 71 | 69 | 70 | 68 | 68 | 73 | 79 | 85 | 88 | 76 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 70.6 | 84.5 | 138.0 | 184.8 | 246.3 | 265.8 | 289.2 | 281.4 | 224.1 | 177.4 | 87.5 | 62.8 | 2,112.4 |
| Average ultraviolet index | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net (average temperatures, humidity, precipitation, and snowy days)[3] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (snowfall and sunshine, 1961–1990),[4] Administrația Națională de Meteorologie (extremes)[5] and Weather Atlas[6] | |||||||||||||
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More information Month, Jan ...
| Climate data for Cluj-Napoca (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1901–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) |
19.3 (66.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
32.5 (90.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
37.0 (98.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
33.7 (92.7) |
32.6 (90.7) |
26.0 (78.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
38.0 (100.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
3.0 (37.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
17.8 (64.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.9 (82.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.2 (59.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
1.6 (34.9) |
14.2 (57.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.6 (27.3) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
4.5 (40.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.9 (64.2) |
19.8 (67.6) |
19.5 (67.1) |
15.0 (59.0) |
9.8 (49.6) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
9.2 (48.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
4.3 (39.7) |
8.9 (48.0) |
12.0 (53.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
13.2 (55.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
4.2 (39.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −34.2 (−29.6) |
−32.5 (−26.5) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
0.4 (32.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
3.5 (38.3) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−22.3 (−8.1) |
−27.9 (−18.2) |
−34.2 (−29.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 25.7 (1.01) |
24.5 (0.96) |
31.0 (1.22) |
50.9 (2.00) |
66.9 (2.63) |
90.5 (3.56) |
85.7 (3.37) |
65.9 (2.59) |
48.5 (1.91) |
37.2 (1.46) |
32.1 (1.26) |
35.5 (1.40) |
594.4 (23.40) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 6.0 (2.4) |
11.5 (4.5) |
5.8 (2.3) |
1.3 (0.5) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.5 (0.2) |
2.6 (1.0) |
5.8 (2.3) |
33.5 (13.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.9 | 12.7 | 11.2 | 13.3 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 13.2 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 10.0 | 12.2 | 14.0 | 151.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 87 | 82 | 74 | 72 | 74 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 78 | 81 | 86 | 88 | 79 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 66 | 99 | 157 | 185 | 241 | 253 | 276 | 263 | 193 | 159 | 88 | 52 | 2,030 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization,[7] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Romanian National Statistic Institute[8] NOAA (snowfall 1961–1990),[9] Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity, 1973–1993)[10] | |||||||||||||
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More information Month, Jan ...
| Climate data for Timișoara (1961–1990) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.4 (63.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
28.2 (82.8) |
32.0 (89.6) |
34.5 (94.1) |
38.4 (101.1) |
39.6 (103.3) |
41.0 (105.8) |
39.7 (103.5) |
33.8 (92.8) |
27.1 (80.8) |
22.2 (72.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
27.7 (81.9) |
29.8 (85.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
24.0 (75.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
10.3 (50.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) |
1.2 (34.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.4 (68.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
11.0 (51.8) |
5.6 (42.1) |
0.8 (33.4) |
10.6 (51.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
1.2 (34.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
14.6 (58.3) |
14.3 (57.7) |
11.2 (52.2) |
6.2 (43.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
5.8 (42.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −35.3 (−31.5) |
−29.2 (−20.6) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
2.2 (36.0) |
5.9 (42.6) |
5.0 (41.0) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−35.3 (−31.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40 (1.6) |
36 (1.4) |
37 (1.5) |
48 (1.9) |
65 (2.6) |
76 (3.0) |
64 (2.5) |
50 (2.0) |
40 (1.6) |
39 (1.5) |
48 (1.9) |
50 (2.0) |
593 (23.3) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 9.8 (3.9) |
9.3 (3.7) |
4.4 (1.7) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
3.7 (1.5) |
7.2 (2.8) |
34.4 (13.5) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 89 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 90 | 86 | 79 | 73 | 73 | 74 | 73 | 75 | 76 | 81 | 85 | 89 | 80 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 72.1 | 92.2 | 155.4 | 186.4 | 242.4 | 262.3 | 300.6 | 280.2 | 217.5 | 177.3 | 86.4 | 56.9 | 2,129.7 |
| Source 1: NOAA,[11] Deutscher Wetterdienst[12] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: National Institute of Statistics (extremes, 1901–2000)[13] | |||||||||||||
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More information Month, Jan ...
| Climate data for Iași, Romania (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.7 (62.1) |
22.5 (72.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
31.8 (89.2) |
36.4 (97.5) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.1 (104.2) |
39.7 (103.5) |
38.0 (100.4) |
33.9 (93.0) |
29.0 (84.2) |
19.5 (67.1) |
40.1 (104.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.1 (34.0) |
3.3 (37.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
18.7 (65.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
25.4 (77.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
11.1 (52.0) |
2.3 (36.1) |
15.4 (59.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
3.9 (39.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
19.9 (67.8) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.9 (69.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.2 (22.6) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
5.4 (41.7) |
10.6 (51.1) |
14.2 (57.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.2 (59.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
5.9 (42.6) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
5.5 (41.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −30.6 (−23.1) |
−36.3 (−33.3) |
−22.7 (−8.9) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
3.5 (38.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−21.1 (−6.0) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
−36.3 (−33.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.9 (1.10) |
25.9 (1.02) |
30.8 (1.21) |
46.1 (1.81) |
55.2 (2.17) |
88.2 (3.47) |
74.9 (2.95) |
54.9 (2.16) |
54.9 (2.16) |
37.0 (1.46) |
34.3 (1.35) |
31.6 (1.24) |
561.7 (22.11) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 11.3 (4.4) |
14.3 (5.6) |
11.9 (4.7) |
6.9 (2.7) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.7 (0.3) |
10.4 (4.1) |
6.3 (2.5) |
61.8 (24.3) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.6 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 11.0 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.1 | 10.1 | 12.6 | 130.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 82 | 80 | 71 | 62 | 61 | 62 | 60 | 63 | 66 | 73 | 79 | 83 | 70 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 67 | 91 | 136 | 180 | 256 | 260 | 288 | 275 | 200 | 153 | 79 | 61 | 2,046 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization,[14] Ogimet (mean temperatures and sun 1981–2010)[15] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Romanian National Statistic Institute (extremes 1901–2000),[16] NOAA (sunshine and snowfall 1961–1990),[17] Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes, 1896–2015 and humidity, 1896–1960)[18] | |||||||||||||
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More information Month, Jan ...
| Climate data for Constanța (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.3 (64.9) |
24.5 (76.1) |
30.8 (87.4) |
31.9 (89.4) |
36.9 (98.4) |
36.9 (98.4) |
38.5 (101.3) |
36.8 (98.2) |
34.8 (94.6) |
32.0 (89.6) |
26.5 (79.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
38.5 (101.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
5.7 (42.3) |
9.3 (48.7) |
17.1 (62.8) |
24.0 (75.2) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.2 (84.6) |
29.1 (84.4) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
6.2 (43.2) |
15.9 (60.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
2.0 (35.6) |
5.5 (41.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
16.1 (61.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.0 (73.4) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.5 (56.3) |
7.7 (45.9) |
3.0 (37.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.4 (29.5) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.3 (45.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
19.1 (66.4) |
19.0 (66.2) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.3 (50.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
0.3 (32.5) |
8.8 (47.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −24.7 (−12.5) |
−25.0 (−13.0) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
1.8 (35.2) |
6.4 (43.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−25.0 (−13.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.6 (1.09) |
24.0 (0.94) |
34.0 (1.34) |
31.8 (1.25) |
37.9 (1.49) |
40.4 (1.59) |
37.5 (1.48) |
35.2 (1.39) |
42.1 (1.66) |
36.8 (1.45) |
45.6 (1.80) |
37.0 (1.46) |
429.9 (16.93) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 7.0 (2.8) |
7.0 (2.8) |
4.2 (1.7) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
5.5 (2.2) |
3.4 (1.3) |
27.1 (10.7) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.9 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 7.0 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 7.1 | 9.0 | 10.5 | 97.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 86 | 85 | 85 | 83 | 81 | 78 | 76 | 77 | 79 | 82 | 86 | 88 | 82 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 87 | 110 | 140 | 192 | 272 | 282 | 327 | 308 | 230 | 168 | 102 | 83 | 2,301 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization,[19] Ogimet (mean temperatures and sun 1981–2010)[20] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Romanian National Statistic Institute (extremes 1901–2000),[21] NOAA (snowfall 1961–1990),[22] Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity, 1973–1993)[23] | |||||||||||||
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More information Month, Jan ...
| Climate data for Oradea | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15 (59) |
18 (64) |
24 (75) |
29 (84) |
32 (90) |
37 (99) |
38 (100) |
39 (102) |
35 (95) |
28 (82) |
21 (70) |
16 (61) |
42 (108) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.4 (34.5) |
4.7 (40.5) |
10.7 (51.3) |
17.9 (64.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
26.9 (80.4) |
29.1 (84.4) |
28.8 (83.8) |
26.0 (78.8) |
19.1 (66.4) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.2 (22.6) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
1.0 (33.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
14.2 (57.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
10.8 (51.4) |
5.9 (42.6) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
5.5 (41.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27 (−17) |
−27 (−17) |
−24 (−11) |
−8 (18) |
0 (32) |
7 (45) |
7 (45) |
7 (45) |
0 (32) |
−10 (14) |
−28 (−18) |
−28 (−18) |
−28 (−18) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 39.5 (1.56) |
30.3 (1.19) |
36.5 (1.44) |
44.9 (1.77) |
63.4 (2.50) |
90.5 (3.56) |
69.1 (2.72) |
55.2 (2.17) |
39.9 (1.57) |
37.9 (1.49) |
46.6 (1.83) |
49.4 (1.94) |
603.2 (23.74) |
| Average snowy days | 8 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 28 |
| Source 1: Administrația Natională de Meteorologie[24] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: MSN Weather (for extreme and snowy days)[25] | |||||||||||||
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Other locations
More information Month, Jan ...
Climate data for Varfu Omu (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1961-2020)[lower-roman 1], Elevation:2504 45°26′45″N 25°27′24″E | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
5.9 (42.6) |
12.2 (54.0) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
18.1 (64.6) |
22.1 (71.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.2 (66.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
22.1 (71.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.2 (19.0) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
3.6 (38.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
9.8 (49.6) |
10.3 (50.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
1.1 (33.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.9 (14.2) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
1.0 (33.8) |
4.8 (40.6) |
6.8 (44.2) |
7.2 (45.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
2.5 (36.5) |
4.3 (39.7) |
4.8 (40.6) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −32.3 (−26.1) |
−35.5 (−31.9) |
−29.6 (−21.3) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−17.6 (0.3) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
−26.5 (−15.7) |
−29.2 (−20.6) |
−35.5 (−31.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 51.2 (2.02) |
50.5 (1.99) |
63.9 (2.52) |
64.6 (2.54) |
98.2 (3.87) |
139.9 (5.51) |
140.0 (5.51) |
105.5 (4.15) |
70.5 (2.78) |
60.3 (2.37) |
49.0 (1.93) |
56.5 (2.22) |
950.1 (37.41) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 50.6 (19.9) |
62.4 (24.6) |
71.8 (28.3) |
85.1 (33.5) |
85.3 (33.6) |
46.2 (18.2) |
7.3 (2.9) |
4.8 (1.9) |
12.4 (4.9) |
16.3 (6.4) |
20.8 (8.2) |
37.6 (14.8) |
500.6 (197.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10.2 | 10.8 | 12.5 | 13.3 | 16.2 | 14.9 | 14.3 | 10.7 | 9.1 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 10.2 | 139.3 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | −13.4 (7.9) |
−12.8 (9.0) |
−10.2 (13.6) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
1.7 (35.1) |
3.7 (38.7) |
3.1 (37.6) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 108.9 | 106.2 | 119.8 | 123.9 | 142.8 | 144.7 | 176.4 | 181.3 | 142.2 | 156.5 | 118.6 | 104.7 | 1,626 |
| Source: NOAA NCEI[26][27] | |||||||||||||
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