Constitution of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea

The constitution of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian: Конституція Автономної Республіки Крим Konstytutsiya Avtonomnoyi Respubliky Krym; Russian: Конституция Автономной Республики Крым Konstitutsiya Avtonomnoy Respubliki Krym) is the basic law of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a republic on the Crimean peninsula as part of Ukraine. The constitution establishes the republic's status and authority within Ukraine. It granted Crimea the right to draft a budget and manage its own property.[2] The constitution was repealed by a disputed referendum during the 2014 Crimean crisis, after which the Republic of Crimea was established as a federal subject of Russia after the annexation of the peninsula.[1] The Ukrainian government has refused to recognize the annexation of Crimea by Russia and still recognizes the constitution as active.

Constitution of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea
Ratified21 October 1998 (Crimea)
23 December 1998 (Ukraine)
Repealed11 April 2014[1] (disputed)
PurposeEstablishing Crimea's status within Ukraine
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of Crimea
Autonomous Republic of Crimea /
Republic of Crimea

Republic of Crimea (within Russia) since 2014

Autonomous Republic of Crimea (within Ukraine)
See also
Political status of Crimea
Politics of Russia
Politics of Ukraine

History

After a referendum on 20 January 1991, Crimea regained its status as an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.[2] As this was months before the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine on 24 August 1991 — by December 1991 internationally recognized[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] — Crimea was at the time part of the Ukrainian SSR which was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union.[2][10] In February 1992, the Crimean parliament changed Crimea into "Republic of Crimea" and the Ukrainian government with the objective of allowing them more self-governance.[2] On 5 May 1992, parliament declared Crimea independent,[2] which was yet to be approved by a referendum to be held 2 August 1992,[11] and passed the first Crimean constitution the same day. On 6 May 1992, the same parliament inserted a new sentence into this constitution stating that Crimea was part of Ukraine.[11] The Ukrainian parliament convened on May 15, annulled the Crimean declaration of independence and gave the Crimean parliament one week to cancel the referendum.[11] In June 1992, the parties reached a compromise and Crimea was designated the status of "Autonomous Republic".[2]

In May 1994, the Crimean parliament voted to restore the May 1992 Constitution.[2] In September 1994, President of Crimea Yuriy Meshkov and parliament decided to write a new constitution.[2] On 17 March 1995, the Verkhovna Rada abolished the May 1992 Constitution and the post of President of Crimea.[2] From June until September 1995, Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma governed Crimea under a direct presidential administration decree.[2] In October 1995, the Crimean parliament adopted a new Constitution which was not recognized by the Ukrainian national authorities until April 1996 when significant amendments were suggested.[2] A fifth draft law of the October 1995 constitution was ratified on 21 October 1998 at the second session of the Crimean Verkhovna Rada (parliament).[2][12] The Verkhovna Rada confirmed this constitution on 23 December 1998.[12] (Article 135 of the Ukrainian Constitution provides that the Crimean Constitution must be approved by the Ukrainian parliament.)[13] It came into effect on 12 January 1999.[2]

During the Crimean Crisis, the Crimean authority repealed the 1998 Crimean Constitution after the 2014 Crimean status referendum.

Anomalies

The Crimean parliament had no right of legislative initiative.[14]

References

  1. Yobbi, Dominic (11 April 2014). "Crimean lawmakers approve new pro-Russian constitution". Jurist.org. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  2. Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2004 (4th ed.). Taylor & Francis Group. 2003. p. 540. ISBN 978-1-85743-187-2.
  3. Solchanyk, Roman (2001). Ukraine and Russia: The Post-Soviet Transition. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-7425-1018-0. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  4. C.B. Bourne, ed. (2011). The Canadian Yearbook of International Law. Volume 30, 1992. University of British Columbia Press. p. 371. ISBN 978-0-7748-4380-5. |volume= has extra text (help)
  5. Szporluk, Roman (2000). Russia, Ukraine and the Breakup of the Soviet Union. Hoover Press. p. 355. ISBN 978-0-8179-9543-0.
  6. Hahn, Gordon M. (2002). Russia's Revolution from Above 1985-2000: Reform, Transaction, and Revolution in the Fall of the Soviet Communist Regime. Transaction Publishers. p. 482. ISBN 978-1-4128-3361-5. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  7. "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Ukraine". Office of the Historian,United States Department of State. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  8. James E. Goodby; Benoit Morel, eds. (1993). The Limited Partnership: Building a Russian-US Security Community. Oxford University Press. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-19-829161-9. Retrieved 13 August 2017: Stockholm International Peace Research InstituteCS1 maint: postscript (link)
  9. "Ukrainian Independence". Worldwide News Ukraine. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  10. Magocsi, Paul R. (2010). A History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples. University of Toronto Press. pp. 722–723. ISBN 978-1-4426-1021-7. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  11. Kolstoe, Paul (1995). Russians in the Former Soviet Republics. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-85065-206-9. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  12. 'Мовний' закон Колесніченка-Ківалова нічого не дав Криму [The Kolesnichenko-Kivalov 'Language' law did not give Crimea anything]. Ukrayinska Pravda (in Ukrainian). 27 March 2013. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  13. Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly Documents 1999: Ordinary Session (First part, January 1999). I. Council of Europe Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 978-92-871-3957-3. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  14. Kasianenko, Mykyta (7 October 2003). "The Crimea wants to protect majority principle". Den. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
    "Crimea prepares amendments to Constitution". en.for-ua.com. 21 January 2013. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014.