The Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic (Italian: Corte costituzionale della Repubblica Italiana) is the highest court of Italy in matters of constitutional law. Sometimes, the name Consulta is used as a metonym for it, because its sessions are held in Palazzo della Consulta in Rome.

Quick Facts Established, Jurisdiction ...

Constitutional Court
Established	1948 (in the Constitution) 1955 (effective)
Jurisdiction	Italy
Location	Rome, Italy
Composition method	Elected/appointed in equal portions by Italian Parliament, President of the Italian Republic, and highest Italian courts
Authorized by	Constitution of Italy
Judge term length	9 years (not renewable)
Number of positions	15
Website	Official website
President of the Court
Currently	Augusto Barbera
Since	12 December 2023

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The court is a post-World War II innovation, established by the republican Constitution of Italy in 1948, but it became operative only in 1955 after the enactment of the Constitutional Law n. 1 of 1953 and the Law n. 87 of 1953.^[1] It held its first hearing in 1956.

According to Article 134^[2] of the Italian Constitution, the Court shall pass judgement on:

• controversies on the constitutional legitimacy of laws issued by the State and Regions and when the Court declares a law unconstitutional, the law ceases to have effect the day after the publication of the ruling;
• conflicts arising from allocation of powers of the State and those powers allocated to State and Regions, and between Regions;
• charges brought against the President.

The constitutional court passes on the constitutionality of laws with no right of appeal.

Since 12 October 2007, when reform of the Italian intelligence agencies approved in August 2007 came into force, the pretext of state secret cannot be used to deny access to documents by the Court.

The Constitutional Court is composed of 15 judges for the term of service of nine years: 5 appointed by the President, 5 elected by the Parliament of Italy^[3] and 5 elected by the ordinary and administrative supreme courts. Of those elected by the supreme courts, 3 are elected by the Supreme Court of Cassation (penal and civil justice), one is elected by the Court of Auditors, and one by the Council of State (supreme administrative court). Candidates need to be either lawyers with twenty years or more experience, full professors of law, or (even former) judges of the Supreme Administrative, Civil and Criminal tribunals.^[4] The members then elect the President of the Court. The President is elected from among its members in a secret ballot, by an absolute majority (8 votes in the case of a full court). If no person gets a majority, a runoff election between the two judges with the most votes occurs. The President of the Court appoints one or more vice-presidents to stand in for him in the event of his absence for any reason.

Appointed by

  President of Italy   Courts of Italy   Parliament of Italy

• List of presidents of the Constitutional Court of Italy