Corallorhiza

<i>Corallorhiza</i>

Corallorhiza

Genus of orchids

Corallorhiza, the coralroot, is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family. Except for the circumboreal C. trifida,[1] the genus is restricted to North America (including Mexico, Central America and the West Indies).[2][3][4]

Quick Facts Corallorhiza, Scientific classification ...

Most species are putatively parasitic, relying entirely upon mycorrhizal fungi within their coral-shaped rhizomes for sustenance. Because of this dependence on myco-heterotrophy, they have never been successfully cultivated. Most species are leafless and rootless. Most species produce little or no chlorophyll, and do not utilize photosynthesis. An exception is the yellowish green species Corallorhiza trifida, which has some chlorophyll and is able to fix CO2. However, this species also depends primarily on fungal associations for carbon acquisition.[5][6]

List of species

Many species names have been proposed that are now considered synonyms of other species, or members of other genera. Species accepted as members of Corallorhiza as of As of January 2023:[7]

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See also

References

  1. [1]
    Altervista Flora Italiana, Coralloriza, Yellow Coralroot, Corallorhiza trifida
  2. [2]
    Flora of North America, Corallorhiza, v 26 p 633
  3. [3]
    Freudenstein, J. V. 1997. A monograph of Corallorhiza (Orchidaceae). Harvard Pap. Bot. 1(10): 5–51.
  4. [4]
    Gagnebin, Abraham. 1755. Acta Helvetica, Physico-Mathematico-Anatomico-Botanico-Medica 2: 61.
  5. [5]
    Zimmer, K., et al. (2008). The ectomycorrhizal specialist orchid Corallorhiza trifida is a partial myco-heterotroph. New Phytologist 178:2 395-400.
  6. [6]
    Cameron, Duncan D.; Preiss, Katja; Gebauer, Gerhard; Read, David J. (2009-07-01). "The chlorophyll-containing orchid Corallorhiza trifida derives little carbon through photosynthesis". New Phytologist. 183 (2): 358–364. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02853.x. ISSN 1469-8137. PMID 19402877.
  7. [7]
    "Corallorhiza Gagnebin - Plants of the World Online". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-01-02.
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