Dark_class_fast_patrol_boat

Dark-class patrol boat

Dark-class patrol boat

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The Dark class, or Admiralty "Type A", were a class of eighteen fast patrol boats that served with the United Kingdom's Royal Navy starting in 1954.[1] All were named with a prefix of 'Dark'. The class could be fitted as either motor gun boats or motor torpedo boats, depending on the type of armament carried. They were the only diesel engined fast patrol boats in the Royal Navy.[2][3] The class was fitted (along with the Nasty class) with the Napier Deltic two-stroke diesel engine.[1] This was of unique layout, an opposed-piston engine with a triangular layout of three banks, 18 cylinders in total.

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Construction

The boats were constructed with alloy framing and wooden decks and skin. The exception was Dark Scout which had all aluminium decks, skins and frames.[2] Originally 27 units were ordered by the admiralty from seven builders. Nine were eventually cancelled in 1955, including Dark Horseman which at the time was partially completed and on the stocks in the builders yard.[4]

The all-aluminium version was exported to Burma (five units), Finland (two units), and Japan (one unit) by builders Saunders-Roe.[4]

Design

With no previous experience of using diesel engines in vessels of this size, it was not fully understood how dirty they would get from the exhaust fumes. Originally launched in the normal Royal Navy grey, they eventually had their hulls painted completely black to disguise the staining from exhaust emissions .[2] For a short while, a compromise half grey/half black combination was used.[5]

Fate

An Admiralty decision in 1957 took nearly all fast patrol boats out of commission, with nine of the new Dark-class to be laid up. On 20 December 1960, the Admiralty stated that the Coastal Forces would not be completely abandoned in case it needed to be expanded in the future. A special boat squadron was nominated, but it did not include any of the Dark-class.[6]

Several of the ships were sold to Wessex Power Units for sale onto the Italian Customs Service (8 hulls) in February 1966. Two were used for target practice, with Dark Gladiator sunk by HMS Amazon and HMS Naiad off Portland in December 1975.[7] At least two, Dark Clipper and Dark Fighter, managed to survive up to as recently as June 2001 when they were broken up in Malta.[8][9]

Legacy

The Dark class would be the final commission of this quantity for patrol boats of this size and speed. The following classes had greatly reduced numbers with the Brave class numbering only two vessels and Scimitar class numbering only three.

A similar hull design was used by Saunders-Roe in a prototype, R-103, which led to the development of the experimental hydrofoil, HMCS Bras d'Or, for the Royal Canadian Navy.[10][11]

Ships

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Cancelled ships
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Notes

  1. [1]
    "Here and There: A 2,500 hp Two-stroke" (PDF). Flight: 392. 2 April 1954. Retrieved 23 December 2009. POWERING H.M. fast patrol boat Dark Hunter, launched on March 18th, is a Napier Deltic engine. An opposed-piston two-stroke diesel, it develops 2,500 s.h.p.; its power/weight ratio (4.2 lb/h.p.) is said to be the highest ever achieved in a marine diesel.
  2. [2]
    Olver, Jeremy. "Dark Class Fast Patrol Boats". Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  3. [3]
    "Naval Review Vol.67 No.2 April 1979" (PDF). p. Page 113, Paragraph 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  4. [4]
    Simons, Philip. "Dark Class". British Military Powerboat Trust. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  5. [5]
    Else, Ted. "Dark Class Page 2". British Military Powerboat Trust. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  6. [6]
    "Coastal Forces of World War II". Coastal Forces Heritage Trust. Archived from the original on 26 December 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  7. [7]
    "HMS Dark Gladiator". Oldships.org.uk. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  8. [8]
    "HMS Dark Clipper". Oldships.org.uk. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  9. [9]
    "BMPT Forum: Dark Identity". British Military Powerboat Trust. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  10. [10]
    "Canada Science and Technology Museum". Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  11. [11]
    Else, Ted. "Dark Class Page 3". British Military Powerboat Trust. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  12. [12]
    Blackman 1971, p. 38.
  13. [13]
    Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 268.
  14. [14]
    Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 93.
  15. [15]
    Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 238.

References
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